Description: This data set includes images and videos depicting the evolution of deformation and topography in 17 analogue experiments of passive margin development, to better understand the ongoing tec-tonics along the western margin of Afar, East Africa. The tectonic background that forms the basis for the experimental design is described in Zwaan et al. 2020a-d, and references therein. The ex-periments, in an enhanced gravity field in a large-capacity centrifuge, examined the influence of brittle layer thickness, strength contrast, syn-rift sedimentation and oblique extension on a brittle-viscous system with a strong and weak viscous domain. All experiments were performed at the Tectonic Modelling Laboratory of the Istituto di Geoscience e Georisorse - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-IGG) and of the Earth Sciences Department of the University of Florence (CNR/UF). The brittle layer (sand) thickness ranged between 6 and 20 mm, the underlying viscous layer, split in a competent and weak domain (both viscous mixtures), was always 10 mm thick. Asymmetric extension was achieved by removing a 1.5 mm thick spacer at the side of the model at every time step, allowing the analogue materials to spread when en-hanced gravity was applied during a centrifuge run. Differential stretching of the viscous material creates flexure and faulting in the overlying brittle layer. Total extension amounted to 10.5 mm over 7 intervals for Series 1 models that aimed at un-derstanding generic passive margin development in a generic orthogonal extension setting, where-as up to 16.5 mm of extension was applied for the additional Series 2 models aiming to reproduce the tectonic phases in Afar. In models involving sedimentation, sand was filled in at time steps 2, 4 and 6 (i.e. after 3, 6 and 9 mm of extension). Detailed descriptions of the experiments, monitoring techniques and tectonic interpretation of the model results are presented in Zwaan et al. (2020a).
Global identifier:
Doi(
"10.5880/fidgeo.2020.020",
)
Tags: Sand ? Graben ? Topographie ? Modellierung ? Modellversuch ? Daten ? multi-scale laboratories ? EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > PLATE TECTONICS > CRUSTAL MOTION > CRUSTAL MOTION DIRECTION ? Rifting ? antiform ? deformation > ductile flow ? deformation > folding ? deformation > fracturing ? depression ? flexure/buckle ? geologic process ? Analogue modelling results ? normal fault ? plateau ? rift valley ? rifting ? sedimentary process > deposition ? tectonic and structural features ? tectonic process > continental_breakup > rifting ? tectonic setting > extended terrane setting > continental rift setting ? tectonic setting > plate margin setting > active continental margin setting ? tectonic setting > plate spreading center setting ? EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > PLATE TECTONICS > FAULT MOVEMENT > FAULT MOVEMENT DIRECTION ? EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > PLATE TECTONICS > PLATE BOUNDARIES ? EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > PLATE TECTONICS > STRAIN ? EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > TECTONICS > PLATE TECTONICS > STRESS ? EPOS ? Passive margin ?
License: Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0
Language: Englisch/English
Issued: 2020-01-01
Last harvest: 30.06.2026 23:32
Accessed 1 times.