Description: This data collection contains new observations of sediment color, mineral‑geochemical properties, and benthic foraminiferal stable isotopes that characterise "green bands" in Quaternary marine sediments and evaluate their value as markers of deep‑ocean ventilation changes. Parameters reported include (i) benthic foraminifera δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C (species Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi and Uvigerina spp.), (ii) down‑core colour information extracted from high‑resolution digital core photographs, expressed as green‑pixel percentages for a set of hue–saturation–value (HSV) bins, (iii) X‑ray‑fluorescence (XRF) core‑scan elemental ratios (e.g. Fe/Ti, Si/Al), (iv) pyrite counts in >63 µm coarse fractions, and (v) ancillary site‑characterisation variables such as sedimentation rate, bulk CaCO₃, organic‑carbon content, bottom‑water [O₂], and satellite‑derived export productivity. Sediments span 0–1.2 Ma for Site U1474 and Site U1313, with depth/age tie points listed in Tables S2. Primary data derive from International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Sites U1474 (Southwest Indian Ocean; 31°13.00′S, 31°32.71′E, 3045 below sea level) and (North Atlantic; 41°0.068'N, 32°57.439'W, 3412 meters below sea level). The accompanying global survey (Table 3) covers observations from the first core of 2122 holes collected since the inception of the Deep Sea Drilling Program, covering all major ocean basins. Green colour banding has been linked to redox fronts associated with bottom‑water ventilation; quantifying its stratigraphic occurrence may provide an easily transferable proxy for past oxygenation. The dataset supports tests of that hypothesis and enables reuse in broader studies of sediment diagenesis, colour imaging, and benthic δ¹³C. Benthic foraminiferal δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C were measured on Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi and Uvigerina peregrina picked at 12 cm (≈ 3 kyr) intervals from the >150 µm fraction of 400 samples down to 48 m at IODP Site U1474. Analyses used a Thermo Finnigan MAT 253 IRMS coupled to a Kiel IV carbonate device at Cardiff University; long‑term external precision is ±0.05 ‰ for δ¹⁸O and ±0.021 ‰ for δ¹³C (1 σ) and results are reported relative to VPDB after calibration to internal standard BCT63 and application of standard vital‑effect offsets (+0.64 ‰ for Cibicidoides, 0 ‰ for Uvigerina). A Site U1474 δ¹⁸O stack was generated by averaging species‑specific values and tuning the composite record to the LR04 stack for age control. To assess the spatial occurrence of colour banding, we screened 2 121 split‑core photographs (first 1.5 m of piston cores) from all IODP expeditions via Texas A&M's LIMS archive, noting the depth (< 40 cm or > 40 cm) and character of oxidative colour transitions. Environmental parameters (bottom‑water O₂, export productivity, sedimentation rate, bulk CaCO₃, organic C) were extracted from published global grids and compared with banding frequency. For Sites U1474 and U1313, relic green bands were mapped with a computer‑vision workflow in Python. Split‑core images (native resolution ≈ 50 µm px⁻¹) were analysed with OpenCV's inRange filter: HSV colour space (H 0–360, S/V 0–100) was divided into 3 600 ten‑unit cubes, narrowed to 627 sediment‑relevant hues guided by Munsell chips, and the 20 most selective "green" cubes were retained. Summed depth‑series ("green‑pixel %") were smoothed and peaks delineated with SciPy's prominence‑based algorithm (prominence 9/7, distance 1/10 points for U1474/U1313), then manually quality‑controlled. Sand layers identified from core photographs and Si/Al XRF scans (Avaatech, 30 kV, 200 µA, 10 s, 2 mm beam) were masked before colour analysis. Finally, a 14‑site global benthic δ¹³C stack was compiled by standardising, 5 ka‑smoothing, and averaging published depth‑age–resolved records (Atlantic, Indian, Pacific basins) together with the new U1474 data.
Global identifier:
Doi(
"10.1594/PANGAEA.984117",
)
DataMeasurements(
DataMeasurements {
domain: Unspecified,
station: None,
measured_variables: [],
methods: [],
},
)
Origins: /Wissenschaft/PANGAEA
Tags: Tierhaltungsanlage ? Sand ? Sauerstoff ? Filter ? Tiefsee ? Agulhas-Strömung ? Daten ? Lüftung ? Meeresspiegel ? Pyrit ? Standortwahl ? Studie ? Sediment ? Meeresgewässer ? Höhle ? Datenerhebung ? Produktivität ? Sedimentation ? Atlantischer Ozean ? Indischer Ozean ? Age model ? Benthic foraminifera ? Diagenesis ? North Atlantic Deep Water ? Pleistocene ? U1313 ? U1474 ? benthic d13C ? benthic d18O ? green bands ? mid-Pleistocene climate transition ? redox ?
Bounding boxes: -178.5032° .. 31.545000000000005° x -77.4413° .. 80.4747°
License: cc-by/4.0
Data access requires registration: click here for further informationLanguage: Englisch/English
Modified: 2025-08-12
Time ranges: 1968-08-11 - 2018-06-24
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