Description: Background. Waste management strategies are usually formed on the presumption that the composition of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) during the course of a year remains constant. The MSW composition is a result of regional and cultural aspects, as well as social behavior, and it is strongly influenced by economic factors. Climate and weather may trigger secondary factors like tourism which may change the composition of MSW. In Eastern Europe (EE) there is a lack of well developed separate collection systems and strong seasonal changes in MSW composition are expected. To establish a relationship between seasonality of waste composition and potential indicators, data from countries with different geographical location and/or economical situation are required. Wastes from selected regions of four countries, i.e. Lithuania, Russia, Ukraine, and Georgia, will be investigated. Objectives. This project has two major scientific objectives: A) Determining the waste composition as function of economic, social and seasonal changes. B) Predicting and assessing future material and contaminant flows (e.g. heavy metals), considering different scenarios. Possible scenarios would be a) continuation of landfilling, b) replacing landfilling by mechanical-biological treatment and/or incineration, and c) combined treatment with an improved separate collection system, similar to the one in Switzerland. Besides scientific merits this project aims in supporting the development of the EE partner countries. Each EE partner has a PhD student who will be supported via the funding of this project. The students will get special training in Lithuania and Switzerland. In Lithuania a seasonal sampling method has been developed which will be tested and transferred to the partner countries. The students will get hands on waste sampling experience in Lithuania. At Paul Scherrer Institute the students will perform incineration experiments which will help to assess MSW typical for their home region. Valorization and Outreach. This project is supporting the development of new and more sustainable waste management systems in the EE partner countries. The knowledge exchange process involving PhD students is a contribution to educate future waste management experts for the EE partner countries. The project supports the transition of knowledge from Switzerland to EE partners, but also vice versa, and among all partners. In the pre-project phase all EE partners established contacts to local authorities and waste treatment companies in order to discuss the aims and get acceptance for this project. This will help to promptly implement project findings.
SupportProgram
Tags: Schwermetallgehalt ? Deponierung ? Getrenntsammlung ? Schadstoffgehalt ? Georgia ? Abfallablagerung ? Abfallbehandlung ? Abfallverbrennung ? Haushaltsabfall ? Schwermetall ? Russland ? Schweiz ? Litauen ? Ukraine ? Material ? Siedlungsabfall ? Sozialgeographie ? Szenario ? Verbrennung ? Verfahrenskombination ? Osteuropa ? Projektförderung ? Regionalwirtschaft ? Abfall ? Abfallaufkommen ? Abfallwirtschaft ? Abfallzusammensetzung ? Kommune ? Jahreszeit ? Umweltindikator ? Abfalldaten ? Europa ? Ressourcenbewirtschaftung ? Wetter ? Probenahme ? Privathaushalt ? Nachhaltige Bewirtschaftung ? Wirtschaftliche Transformation ? Regionale Verteilung ? Dienstleistung ? Tourismus ? Sozialverhalten ? Soziale Aspekte ? Stoffstrom ? Korrelationsanalyse ? Schmutzstoff ? Abfallprobe ? Mechanisch-biologisches Verfahren ? Abfallbeschaffenheit ? Abfallprognose ? Akzeptanz ? Klimaabhängigkeit ?
License: Creative Commons Namensnennung-keine Bearbeitung-Nichtkommerziell 4.0
Language: Englisch/English
Time ranges: 2010-01-01 - 2012-12-31
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