Description: Phosphor ist in vielen Oekosystemen der limitierende Naehrstoff. Diffuse P-Eintraege aus der Landwirtschaft koennen daher in Gewaessern zu schwerwiegender Eutrophierung fuehren. Zur Optimierung der landwirtschaftlichen Praxis ist es wichtig zu wissen, wie P in die Gewaesser gelangt. Lange Zeit glaubte man, die Sickerverluste von P durch den Boden vernachlaessigen zu koennen, da P in den meisten Boeden stark absorbiert wird. Waehrend der letzten 10 Jahre ist jedoch klar geworden, dass durch praeferentiellen Fluss im Boden stark absorbierende Stoffe schnell verlagert werden koennen. Wir untersuchten deshalb den P-Verlust durch Drainagen unter intensiv genutztem Grasland in einem Teileinzugsgebiet des Sempachersees. Wir erfassten den Abfluss zweier Drainagen mit hoher zeitlicher Aufloesung zwischen April und November 1994. Waehrend verschiedener Abflussereignisse wurden alle 15 Minuten Wasserproben gesammelt. Die Proben wurden bezueglich verschiedener P-Formen und Nitrat untersucht. Zudem bestimmten wir Tiefenprofile des wasserloeslichen P im Boden und untersuchten das Infiltrationsverhalten der Boeden mit Farbstoffversuchen. Fuer 1996 planen wir ein grosses Tracerexperiment auf einer weiteren drainierten Flaeche.
Types:
SupportProgram
Origins:
/Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags:
Bach
?
Phosphat
?
Phosphorbelastung
?
Nitrat
?
Fluss
?
Eutrophierung
?
Gewässerbelastung
?
Nährstoff
?
Phosphor
?
Schadstoffbelastung
?
Tracer
?
Abfluss
?
Absorption
?
Umweltbelastung
?
Wasserlöslichkeit
?
Bodenschadstoff
?
Dränung
?
Einzugsgebiet
?
Gewässergrund
?
Messverfahren
?
Stoffbilanz
?
Wasserprobe
?
Boden
?
Ökosystem
?
Versickerung
?
Gewässer
?
Stofftransport
?
Landwirtschaft
?
Fluss
?
Niederschlagsgebiet
?
tile-drains
?
Sempachersee
?
Grasland
?
lake sempach
?
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Deutsch
Organisations
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Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETHZ), Institut für Terrestrische Ökologie ITOE (Betreiber*in)
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Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Geldgeber*in)
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Umweltbundesamt (Bereitsteller*in)
Time ranges:
1994-04-01 - 1997-03-31
Alternatives
-
Language: Englisch/English
Title: Entry processes of dissolved phosphorus in a steam in an agriculturally used catchment area
Description: In many rural areas P-input from agricultural fields leads to eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. To optimize farming practice proper understanding of transport mechanisms is crucial. In this project we investigate the P-transport through prefential flow in the soil to tile drains and compare it to the P-transport by surface runoff. The measurements take place in a small river catchment (Kleine Aa, Lake of Sempach; 7 km2) with intensiv farming in the Swiss Plateau. At four sites we continiuosly measured drainage and/or surface runoff from April to November 1994. Water samples were automatically taken at high time resolution (15 minutes) during rainfall-run-events. The samples were analyzed for PO4, organic P, total P and NO3. In most cases PO4 - concentration followed discharge very closly during single events. A first estimation shows that about 25 percent of P is transported through tile drains, about 50 percent by surface runoff. The rest is accounted for by base flow and direct input of manure by farmers. In 1996 a tracer experiment will take place in a drained field to investigate lateral flowpaths to tile drains. The experimental data shall be modelled by transfer functions. Phosphorus is the limiting factor for primary production in many ecosystems. Diffuse P-losses from intensive agriculture can be sufficient to cause eutrophication. To optimize farming practice proper understanding of transport mechanisms is crucial. As P is strongly absorbed in many soils it is thought that P-losses through the soil are neglectable for eutrophication. This view is questionable if one takes into account the evidence for preferential flow in soils which has been brought together over the last decade. Therefore, we investigated the P-losses through tile-drains into waters from intensively used grassland in a subcatchment of Lake Sempach from April to November 1994. Discharge and nutrient concentrations were measured with high time resolution during rainfall-discharge events at two sites. Water samples were analyzed for PO4, organic P, total P and NO3. We determined depth profiles of water soluble P at both sites and carried out sprinkling experiments with blue dye to investigate the infiltration pattern in those soils. In 1996 we will carry out a large tracer experiment in a drained field to investigate lateral flowpaths to tile drains. Leading Questions: Measuring P-transport in drainage runoff with high time resolution. Explaining typical breakthrough curves of P, NO3, NH4 in the brook. Visualization of lateral preferential flow paths in the soil. Measuring lateral preferential solute transport by tracer experiments. Modelling lateral preferential solute transport.
https://ufordat.uba.de/UFORDAT/pages/PublicRedirect.aspx?TYP=PR&DSNR=57630
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