Description: Das Projekt "Enhancement of metal accumulation and biodegradation of xenobiotics by food crop plants, mediated by chelating and acidifying agents in a contaminated field plot" wird/wurde gefördert durch: COST, Commission des Communautes Europeennes. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Forschungsanstalt Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon ART.The general objectives of this study were: (I) to examine the potential of metal-solubilising soil amendments to enhane the phytoextraction of soil-polluting metals by high-biomass crop plants under field conditions over a time of more than one crop rotation, (II) to investigate the effect of metal-soil amendments on metal allocation within the plants, (III) to investigate the effect of soil metal-solubilizing amendments on the expression of selected genes involved in metal uptake and detoxification in field grown plants, and (IV) to test the potential of growth-promoting phytohormones to alleviate phytotoxicity of soil-polluting metals and to increase their phytoextraction by the combined application of phytohormones and chelating agents. Based on the available literature, in particular the following hypotheses were proposed and tested: (I) The application of ammonium sulphate fertilizer, elemental sulphur and NTA to metal contaminated soil can be used to increase the uptake of Cd, Cu and Zn by crop plants grown under field conditions in a realistic agronomic setting. The effects of ammonium sulphate fertilizer and elemental sulphur are expected to increase over time. (II) The three soil amendments increase metal uptake predominantly in leaves and stems, but not in the seeds of field grown crop plants. (III) Elemental sulphur applied to a Cd-contaminated soil will induce responses in the expression of genes involved in Cd detoxification and in sulphur uptake and assimilation of tobacco plants (predominantly in the roots) grown on such soil. (IV) Auxin applied to nutrient solutions and soil will alleviate metal toxicity to crop plants (in our case sunflower) and increase growth and metal uptake by the plants. This effect is also expected to work in combination with the application of metal-solubilising chelants (in our case EDDS). Heavy metal contamination of large areas of agricultural soil may cause health problems to human and animals because of the accumulation of metals in the food chain. Heavy metal stress to plants can furthermore decrease crop production. On the other hand, leaving low or moderately-contaminated land fallow may be wasting a precious natural resource, given the increasing shortage of fertile agricultural soil. Techniques to decontaminate polluted soils and to restore their fertility are in demand, therefore. Phytoextraction has been proposed as such a technique and has been investigated extensively but primarily in hydroponic and pot experiments. In the present study, we investigated the applicability of enhanced phytoextraction in a long-term field experiment that was carried out between 2000 and 2007 on a heavy-metal (Cd, Cu and Zn) contaminated former peat soil at Witzwil in the Bernese Seeland. (abridged text)
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Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Nährmedium ? Ammonium ? Gen ? Baumstamm ? Bodennährstoff ? Getreide ? Nitrilotriessigsäure ? Feldfrucht ? Cadmium ? Düngemittel ? Kombinationswirkung ? Komplexbildner ? Kulturpflanze ? Saatgut ? Pflanzensamen ? Schadstoffbelastung ? Sonnenblume ? Schwermetall ? Schwefel ? Entgiftung ? Gesetzesnovellierung ? Moorboden ? Pflanzenproduktion ? Phytotoxizität ? Stress ? Metall ? Technosol ? Agrarwissenschaften ? Ackerboden ? Hormon ? Biologischer Abbau ? Fruchtbarkeit ? Fruchtfolge ? Rechtsverfahren ? Bodenqualität ? Studie ? Tabak ? Technik ? Xenobiotikum ? Hydroponik ? Pflanze ? Tier ? Boden ? Natürliche Ressourcen ? Düngung ? Freilandversuch ? Gesundheit ? Lebensmittel ? Laub ? Vermehrung ? acidifying agent ? Assimilation [Biologie] ? metal accumulator plant ? metal excluder plant ? mobility enhancement ?
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Englisch/English
Time ranges: 2005-06-01 - 2009-10-31
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