Description: Das Projekt "Genome dynamics and plant speciation: Spatio-temporal evolution of genetic barriers under changing climate" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von University Oslo durchgeführt. How new species arise is a central question in biology, and how climate change affects speciation is currently a key question. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the origin of reproductive barriers among infraspecific populations is a highly debated topic. However, in contrast to the situation in animals, some evidence suggests that new plant species commonly evolve in response to chromosomal rearrangements. Since plant genomes are remarkably dynamic, probably in relation to their high content in transposable elements, it is a timely task to investigate the way genome responds to climate change and whether this translates into the origin of new species. To expand the knowledge about the origin of species, the present project aims at addressing whether microchromosomal rearrangements, and particularly those related to transposable elements, stimulate intrinsic postzygotic isolation in plants. This is best done in an explicit spatiotemporal framework including changing climate as a potential environmental cue. Accordingly, the origin of cryptic biological species within the circumpolar plant Draba nivalis will be dissected by scoring quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sterility in populations grown from reciprocal incompatible crosses, using both Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and Sequence-Specific Amplified Polymorphism (SSAP, marking insertions of transposable elements). In order to further analyse the genetic factors involved in the quick rise of reproductive barriers, these sterility QTLs will be characterised by massively sequencing the AFLP/SSAP markers in parallel. Finally, a comparative phylogeograhic analysis of the sterility QTLs and neutral non-QTL markers will allow to reconstruct the history of reproductive barriers, assessing the corresponding evolutionary processes underlying the recent speciation in D. nivalis during the ice age.
SupportProgram
Origin: /Bund/UBA/UFORDAT
Tags: Oslo ? Biopharmazeutikum ? Genom ? Genetik ? Tracer ? Biologie ? Pflanzenart ? Pflanzenbestand ? Evolution ? Neuanlage ? Tier ? Lebensalter ? Klimafolgen ? Bevölkerung ? Klima ? Klimawandel ? Umwelt ? UNTER ? BEST ? PROJEKT ? Post-zygotic intinsic isolation ? Quantative Trait Loci (QTL) ? SPEZIFISCH ? Sequenzierung ? Art [Spezies] ? VERANTWORTUNG ? VERARBEITEN ? VERHAELTNIS ? VERWANDT ? phylogeography ? speciation ? transposable elements ? BEWERTEN ? Bepflanzung ? Chromosomal rearrengements ? Chromosomen ? Draba nivalis ? EVOLUTIONAER ? Erlass [Recht] ? FRAGE ? GEGENWART ? GEHALT ? HINDERNIS ? Insertion ? Isolierung ? Kreuzung [biologisch] ? MECHANISMEN ? NEU ? POTENZIAL ?
License: cc-by-nc-nd/4.0
Language: Deutsch
Time ranges: 2008-09-01 - 2009-08-31
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