This dataset represents data from the paper Yukoni, T. and Torres L. V. (2016) Fish metacommunity dynamics in the patchy heterogeneous habitats of varzea lakes, turbid river channels and transparent clear and black water bodies in the Amazonian Lowlands of Bolivia. Environmental Biology of Fishes. This study documents the spatial dynamic of fish metacommunity based on the date sets of 65 sites, covering two geographic patches of transparent water valleys; Manuripi and Itenez Rivers, separated by turbid water valleys originate in the Andes and the Savanna. See http://www.freshwaterbiodiversity.eu/metadb/bf_mdb_view.php?entryID=BFE_105 for additional metadata.
The new climate dataset BASD-CMIP6-PE for Peru and Ecuador based on the bias-adjusted and statistically downscaled CMIP6 projections of 10 GCMs addresses the need for reliable high-resolution (1d, 10km) climate data covering Peru and Ecuador. This dataset includes both historical simulations (1850-2014) and future projections (2015-2100) for precipitation and minimum, mean, and maximum temperature under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs; SSP1-2.6, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5). The BASD-CMIP6-PE climate data were generated using the trend-preserving Bias Adjustment and Statistical Downscaling (BASD) method (Lange, 2019, 2021) and data from regional observational datasets such as RAIN4PE (Fernandez-Palomino et al., 2021a, b) for precipitation and PISCO-temperature (Huerta et al., 2018) for temperatures as reference data. The Reliability of the BASD-CMIP6-PE was evaluated through hydrological modeling across Peruvian and Ecuadorian river basins in the historical period. The evaluation showed that the BASD-CMIP6-PE is reliable for describing the spatial patterns of atmospheric variables and streamflow simulation, including low and high flows. This suggests the usefulness of the new dataset for climate change impact assessment studies in Peru and Ecuador.
The BASD-CMIP6-PE data are available for the domain covering Peru and Ecuador, located between 19°S and 2°N and 82-67°W, at 0.1° spatial and daily temporal resolution. The precipitation unit is mm, and the temperature is in °C. The data are in the NetCDF format and arranged by model, model member, experiment, variable, temporal resolution, and subset period (e.g., canesm5_r1i1p1f1_ssp126_pr_daily_2015_2020.nc).
RAIN4PE is a novel daily gridded precipitation dataset obtained by merging multi-source precipitation data (satellite-based Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation, CHIRP (Funk et al. 2015), reanalysis ERA5 (Hersbach et al. 2020), and ground-based precipitation) with terrain elevation using the random forest regression method. Furthermore, RAIN4PE is hydrologically corrected using streamflow data in catchments with precipitation underestimation through reverse hydrology. Hence, RAIN4PE is the only gridded precipitation product for Peru and Ecuador, which benefits from maximum available in-situ observations, multiple precipitation sources, elevation data, and is supplemented by streamflow data to correct the precipitation underestimation over páramos and montane catchments.
The RAIN4PE data are available for the terrestrial land surface between 19°S-2°N and 82-67°W, at 0.1° spatial and daily temporal resolution from 1981 to 2015. The precipitation dataset is provided in netCDF format.
For a detailed description of the RAIN4PE development and evaluation of RAIN4PE applicability for hydrological modeling of Peruvian and Ecuadorian watersheds, readers are advised to read Fernandez-Palomino et al. (2021).
The data set reports on long-term measurements of ice nucleating particles (INPs) from four observational sites: 1. Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO, 2.144° S, 59.000° W, 130 m AMSL, Brazil), 2. Volcanological and Seismological Observatory of Martinique (OVSM, 14.735° N, 61.147° W, 487 m AMSL, Martinique, Caribbean), 3. Taunus Observatory (TO, 50.221° N, 8.446° E, 825 m AMSL, Germany) and 4. Zeppelin Observatory (ZO, 78.908° N, 11.881° E, 474 m AMSL, Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, Arctic). The presented data covers data from May 2015 to January 2017. Samples were usually collected every day or every two days at local noon for 50 minutes at 2 L min-1, resulting in 100 L of air volume. After transport samples were analyzed in our laboratory in Frankfurt using the vacuum diffusion chamber FRIDGE. Each sample was analyzed at multiple combinations of temperature ( 20 °C, -25 °C, and -30 °C) and relative humidity (95%, 97%, 99%, 101% w.r.t. water). INP concentrations per liter are reported for each condition (the paper focuses on the highest humidity). This data supplement is related to a scientific publication (doi:10.5194/acp-2020-667).
Objective: Tropical forests harbour thousands of useful plants which are harvested and used in subsistence economies or traded in local, regional or international markets. The effect on the ecosystem is little known, and the forests resilience is badly understood. Palms are the most useful group of plants in tropical American forests and we will study the effect of extraction and trade of palms on forest in the western Amazon, the Andes and the Pacific lowlands. We will determine the size of the resource by making palm community studies in the different forest formations and determine the number of species and individuals of all palm species. The genetic structure of useful palm species will be studied to determine how much harvesting of the species contributes to genetic erosion of its populations, and whether extraction can be made without harm. We then determine how much palms are used for subsistence purposes by carrying out quantitative, ethnobotanical research in different forest types and then we study trade patterns for palm products from local markets to markets which involve export to other countries and continents. Palm populations are managed in various ways from sustainable ones to destructive harvesting; we will study different ways in which palms are managed and propose sustainable methods to local farmers, local governments, NGOs and other interested parties. Finally we will study national level mechanism that governs extraction, trade and commercialization of palm products, to identify positive and negative policies in relation to resilience of ecosystems and use this to propose sustainable policies to the governments. The results will be disseminated in a variety of ways, depending on need and stake holders, from popular leaflets and videos for farmers, reports for policy makers to scientific publication for the research community. The team behind the proposal represents 10 universities and research institutions in Europe and northwestern South America.