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Soil physicochemical properties of the plot DPFL_14 (Pfeiffhausen, Germany) in 2016, 2020 and 2022

As part of PhytOakmeter platform (www.phytoakmeter.de), soil chemical parameters were determined in 2016, 2020 and 2022. Soil pH was measured using a glass electrode in a 1:2.5 soil-to-0.01 M CaCl2 suspension after one hour of equilibration. Gravimetric soil moisture was assessed with a fully automated moisture analyzer (DBS60-3, KERN & SOHN GmbH, Balingen, Germany), here defined as soil moisture (MOI). Total nitrogen (TN) and total carbon (TC) contents in the soil were analyzed in triplicate through dry combustion using a Vario elemental analyzer (EL III, Elementar, Hanau, Germany), and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (TC/TN) was subsequently calculated from these values. To evaluate the potentially bioavailable soil organic carbon and nitrogen for microbial activity, hot water-extractable carbon and nitrogen (HWC and HWN, respectively) were determined following the methods of Ghani et al. (2003) and Schulz et al. (2011). Additionally, the labile organic carbon and nitrogen easily decomposable by soil microorganisms were measured as cold water-extractable carbon (CWC) and nitrogen (CWN) based on procedures described by Zsolnay (1996), Zakharova et al. (2015), and Schmidt et al. (2017). Ammonium and nitrate (NH4±N and NO3—N, respectively) were quantified, with their sum representing the total mineral nitrogen content (Nmin).

Mathematische Guetemodelle zur Prognose des Stoffhaushalts von Fliessgewaessern

Zweck und Ziel: Simulation und Prognose des Stoffhaushaltes abwasserbelasteter Fliessgewaesser zur Beurteilung der Auswirkungen wasserwirtschaftlicher und wasserbaulicher Massnahmen, einschliesslich Eutrophierungserscheinungen und Auswirkungen von Verklappungsmassnahmen. Ausfuehrung: Weiterentwicklung des von Dr. G. Huthmann in der BfG aufgebauten Modells, welches weitgehend empirische Zusammenhaenge verwendet, zu einem fuer verschiedene Anwendungen aussagekraeftigen Modell. Dabei werden die biologischen Vorgaenge - soweit erforderlich - mit Hilfe deterministischer Ansaetze formuliert. Die Modellentwicklung enstsprechend den Ergebnissen von Gewaesseruntersuchungen, Laborexperimenten und Literaturstudien. Ergebnisse: Das Modell besteht jetzt aus einem hydrologischen Modell, einem Temperaturmodell und dem eigentlichen Guetemodell. Folgende Stoffkonzentrationen werden berechnet: C-BSB5 (Biochemischer Sauerstoffbedarf der organischen Kohlenstoffverbindungen), CSB (Chemischer Sauerstoffbedarf, Bichromatoxidation), organischer Stickstoff, Ammoniumstickstoff, Nitratstickstoff, geloester Phosphor, ungeloester Phosphor, geloester Sauerstoff, Truebung. Ferner werden die Biomassen derjenigen langsam wachsenden Organismen berechnet, welchen einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf den Stoffhaushalt ausueben (Nitrifikanten, Algen, Zooplankter). Neuere Guetemodellrechnungen zum Sauerstoffhaushalt der Saar nach Ausbau zeigen, dass besonders in den Sommermonaten in den mittleren Stauhaltungen Lisdorf, Rehlingen und Mettlach mit Sauerstoffmangelsituationen zu rechnen ist. Um Fischsterben zu vermeiden, muss deshalb - beim jetzigen Sanierungszustand der Einleiter - kuenstlich

Soil physicochemical properties of the PhytOakmeter plot DGRL_14 (Greifenhagen, Germany) in 2016, 2020 and 2022

As part of PhytOakmeter platform (www.phytoakmeter.de), soil chemical parameters were determined in 2016, 2020 and 2022. Soil pH was measured using a glass electrode in a 1:2.5 soil-to-0.01 M CaCl2 suspension after one hour of equilibration. Gravimetric soil moisture was assessed with a fully automated moisture analyzer (DBS60-3, KERN & SOHN GmbH, Balingen, Germany), here defined as soil moisture (MOI). Total nitrogen (TN) and total carbon (TC) contents in the soil were analyzed in triplicate through dry combustion using a Vario elemental analyzer (EL III, Elementar, Hanau, Germany), and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (TC/TN) was subsequently calculated from these values. To evaluate the potentially bioavailable soil organic carbon and nitrogen for microbial activity, hot water-extractable carbon and nitrogen (HWC and HWN, respectively) were determined following the methods of Ghani et al. (2003) and Schulz et al. (2011). Additionally, the labile organic carbon and nitrogen easily decomposable by soil microorganisms were measured as cold water-extractable carbon (CWC) and nitrogen (CWN) based on procedures described by Zsolnay (1996), Zakharova et al. (2015), and Schmidt et al. (2017). Ammonium and nitrate (NH4±N and NO3—N, respectively) were quantified, with their sum representing the total mineral nitrogen content (Nmin).

Soil physicochemical properties of the PhytOakmeter plots DBLL_13 and DBLL_14 (Bad Lauchstädt, Germany) in 2015, 2016, 2018, 2020 and 2022

As part of PhytOakmeter platform (www.phytoakmeter.de), soil chemical parameters were determined in 2015, 2016, 2018, 2020 and 2022. Soil pH was measured using a glass electrode in a 1:2.5 soil-to-0.01 M CaCl2 suspension after one hour of equilibration. Gravimetric soil moisture was assessed with a fully automated moisture analyzer (DBS60-3, KERN & SOHN GmbH, Balingen, Germany), here defined as soil moisture (MOI). Total nitrogen (TN) and total carbon (TC) contents in the soil were analyzed in triplicate through dry combustion using a Vario elemental analyzer (EL III, Elementar, Hanau, Germany), and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (TC/TN) was subsequently calculated from these values. To evaluate the potentially bioavailable soil organic carbon and nitrogen for microbial activity, hot water-extractable carbon and nitrogen (HWC and HWN, respectively) were determined following the methods of Ghani et al. (2003) and Schulz et al. (2011). Additionally, the labile organic carbon and nitrogen easily decomposable by soil microorganisms were measured as cold water-extractable carbon (CWC) and nitrogen (CWN) based on procedures described by Zsolnay (1996), Zakharova et al. (2015), and Schmidt et al. (2017). Ammonium and nitrate (NH4±N and NO3—N, respectively) were quantified, with their sum representing the total mineral nitrogen content (Nmin).

Hydrochemistry at time series station Helgoland Roads, North Sea, in 2011

In 2011, the hydrochemistry of surface water was monitored at Helgoland Roads station on every workday, typically before 9 a.m. Temperature was measured on board immediately after sampling. Visibility was measured on board using a Secchi Disk. Salinity, dissolved inorganic nutrients, pH and oxygen were measured from a bucket sample in the laboratory.

Soil physicochemical properties of the PhytOakmeter plot DLAuW_16 (Leipzig, Germany) in 2018

As part of PhytOakmeter platform (www.phytoakmeter.de), soil chemical parameters were determined in 2018. Soil pH was measured using a glass electrode in a 1:2.5 soil-to-0.01 M CaCl2 suspension after one hour of equilibration. Gravimetric soil moisture was assessed with a fully automated moisture analyzer (DBS60-3, KERN & SOHN GmbH, Balingen, Germany), here defined as soil moisture (MOI). Total nitrogen (TN) and total carbon (TC) contents in the soil were analyzed in triplicate through dry combustion using a Vario elemental analyzer (EL III, Elementar, Hanau, Germany), and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (TC/TN) was subsequently calculated from these values. To evaluate the potentially bioavailable soil organic carbon and nitrogen for microbial activity, hot water-extractable carbon and nitrogen (HWC and HWN, respectively) were determined following the methods of Ghani et al. (2003) and Schulz et al. (2011). Additionally, the labile organic carbon and nitrogen easily decomposable by soil microorganisms were measured as cold water-extractable carbon (CWC) and nitrogen (CWN) based on procedures described by Zsolnay (1996), Zakharova et al. (2015), and Schmidt et al. (2017). Ammonium and nitrate (NH4±N and NO3—N, respectively) were quantified, with their sum representing the total mineral nitrogen content (Nmin).

Hydrochemistry at time series station Helgoland Roads, North Sea, in 2021

In 2021, the hydrochemistry of surface water was monitored at Helgoland Roads station on every workday, typically before 9 a.m. Temperature was measured on board immediately after sampling. Visibility was measured on board using a Secchi Disk. Salinity, dissolved inorganic nutrients, pH and oxygen were measured from a bucket sample in the laboratory. Further information regarding the methodology and the devices used can be found in the metadata description.

Soil porewater chemistry survey of European peatlands

Porewater and soil samples were collected from 64 natural and rewetted peatlands across Germany (47 sites), Poland (5), Estonia (6), Scotland (3), Sweden (2), and Georgia (1) between 1997 and 2017. A total of 812 anoxic porewater samples were taken from water-saturated soil layers (0–0.6 m depth) using dialysis samplers along 10–20 m transects (Hesslein, 1976). Selected fen sites were monitored for 10–20 years post-rewetting to assess seasonal and long-term nutrient dynamics. The peatlands varied in drainage history and land use intensity, resulting in different degrees of decomposition in the upper peat layers (0–0.4 m depth). The dialysis sampling technique enabled unbiased sampling of oxygen-sensitive dissolved solutes and provided vertical concentration profiles of porewater chemistry (Zak et al., 2004). The data were used to compare porewater composition between rewetted and natural peatlands (bogs and fens), (ii) evaluate the influence of peat characteristics on porewater chemistry in rewetted sites, (iii) examine seasonal variations in nutrient concentrations in rewetted fens, and (iv) assess long-term changes in porewater composition following rewetting.

Hydrochemistry at time series station Helgoland Roads, North Sea, in 2023

In 2023, the hydrochemistry of surface water was monitored at Helgoland Roads station on every workday, typically before 9 a.m. Temperature was measured on board immediately after sampling. Visibility was measured on board using a Secchi Disk. Salinity, dissolved inorganic nutrients, pH and oxygen were measured from a bucket sample in the laboratory. Further information regarding the methodology and the devices used can be found in the metadata description.

TemBi 2014 mesocosm study: Summer storm impact on water chemistry and physics in Lake Stechlin

We simulated an experimental summer storm in large-volume (~1200 m³, ~16m depth) enclosures in Lake Stechlin by mixing deeper water masses from the meta- and hypolimnion into the mixed layer (epilimnion). The mixing included the disturbance of a deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) which was present at the same time of the experiment in Lake Stechlin and situated in the metalimnion of each enclosure during filling. Water physical variables and water chemistry was monitored for 42 days after the experimental disturbance event. Mixing disrupted the thermal stratification, increasing concentrations of dissolved nutrients and CO2 and changing light conditions in the epilimnion. Mixing, thus, stimulated phytoplankton growth, resulting in higher particulate matter concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous.

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