The dataset is composed of aisaEagel hyperspectral imagery acquired during airplane overflights on August 27th, 2016 within the Toolik Lake Natural Research Area on the Alaskan North Slope. The dataset includes three flight lines with 130 spectral bands ranging from VIS to NIR (451.7 – 897 nm) wavelength regions. The dataset also includes Level 2A EnMAP-like imagery simulated using the end-to-end Simulation tool (EeteS) with 78 bands from VIS to NIR (423 – 903 mn). The overall goal of the campaign was to acquire imagery over the Toolik Vegetation grid encompassing 94 permanent 1 x 1 m vegetation plots where corresponding, comprehensive multi-seasonal spectral reflectance, photosynthetic pigment, and detailed species composition data exists. The data are highly novel and can be used form vegetation mapping of species composition and activity.