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Physiological responses of Mytilus edulis and Magallana gigas from a three-month mesocosm experiment, Sylt, 2023

This dataset reports physiological measurements of two bivalve species, Mytilus edulis (blue mussel) and Magallana gigas (Pacific oyster), obtained during a three-month mesocosm experiment conducted in Sylt, Germany, in 2023. Physiological data were collected between 27 April 2023 and 25 June 2023.Twelve mesocosms were used to investigate the effects of temperature on individual-level physiological traits, with treatments including ambient temperature and ambient +3°C. Parameters measured include clearance rate, ingestion rate, and respiration rate. Environmental variables such as water temperature, depth, and sampling time were recorded for each measurement. Individual bivalves were labeled for tracking, and species identification followed WoRMS taxonomy. Measurements were performed using handheld multiparameter instruments and laboratory analyses. The dataset provides high-resolution, individual-based physiological responses of bivalves to moderate warming, supporting research on temperature-dependent feeding, metabolic processes, and energy flux in coastal ecosystems.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI – Aerosol Layer Height (ALH), Level 3 – Global

Aerosols are an indicator for episodic aerosol plumes from dust outbreaks, volcanic ash, and biomass burning. Daily observations are binned onto a regular latitude-longitude grid. The Aerosol layer height is provided in kilometres. The TROPOMI instrument onboard the Copernicus SENTINEL-5 Precursor satellite is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer that provides global measurements of atmospheric properties and constituents on a daily basis. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and climate, providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the top of atmosphere solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. The operational trace gas products generated at DLR on behave ESA are: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4), together with clouds and aerosol properties. This product is created in the scope of the project INPULS. It develops (a) innovative retrieval algorithms and processors for the generation of value-added products from the atmospheric Copernicus missions Sentinel-5 Precursor, Sentinel-4, and Sentinel-5, (b) cloud-based (re)processing systems, (c) improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users, and (d) data visualization services.

Geschichte und Klimafolgen der Entwaldung des Murnauer Mooses

Die heutige Gemarkung Murnau war bis auf wenige Flächen um Moorseen und extreme Nassstandorte vor Beginn der menschlichen Besiedlung nahezu komplett bewaldet. Während vier Torfbildungs- und Sedimentationsphasen im Murnauer Moos entwickelte sich waldfreie Vegetation immer wieder zu Wald. Während der letzten Torfbildungsphase nutzte und beseitigte der Mensch seit etwa 3.000 Jahren den Wald. Bis ins 15. Jahrhundert zurückreichende Akten des Marktes Murnau und Klosters Ettal belegen diese Waldzerstörungen. Bis 1845 waren nur noch 10 % der Waldfläche in Murnau übriggeblieben. Ursachen und Zeiträume der Rodungen in der Gemarkung Murnau, die rund 1.000 ha Moor- und Auwälder im Murnauer Moos umfasste, werden mit historischen Belegen und auf einer Übersichtskarte dargestellt. Wesentliche Ursachen waren (1) die nicht nachhaltige Brennholznutzung mit anschließender Weidenutzung der Flächen und teils Mahd seit der Römerzeit, (2) die Ansiedlung von Schwaighöfen mit hohem Bedarf an Holz, Weideflächen und Wiesen seit dem 15. Jahrhundert, (3) die Brennholznot im Markt Murnau, (4) der hohe Bedarf an Holz, Asche und Pottasche der nahe gelegenen Glashütte Aschau, (5) der Export von Lohe (Baumrinde) für Gerbereien v. a. aus Auwäldern, (6) die hohe Streunachfrage für die Militärpferdezucht in Schwaiganger im 19. Jahrhundert und (7) die Intensivierung der Landwirtschaft und Milchproduktion im 19. Jahrhundert mit Verdreifachung des Viehbestands und zusätzlichem Bedarf an Weiden, Heu und Streu. Im 20. Jahrhundert schuf der aufkommende Naturschutz das Narrativ überwiegend natürlich waldfreier Flächen im Murnauer Moos, das aber historisch nicht haltbar ist. Naturschutzfachliche Ziele orientierten sich an diesem „gehölzfreien“ Landschaftsbild. Mit hohen Fördersummen werden heute im Markt Murnau rund 500 ha Moos wieder streugenutzt. Entwaldung und Entwässerung von Mooren haben aber klimaschädliche Folgen. Unter Klimaschutzaspekten sollten entwässerte und entwaldete Flächen mit hohen Treibhausgas(THG)-Emissionen wieder vernässt und mit standortangepassten Gehölzen bewaldet werden. So könnten die kulturbedingten THG-Quellen im Moos hocheffizient und kostengünstig wieder in die ehemaligen naturnahen und bewaldeten THG-Senken verwandelt werden.

GTS Bulletin: UARO70 LROM - Upper air data (details are described in the abstract)

The UARO70 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (U): Upper air data T1T2 (UA): Aircraft reports A1A2 (RO): Romania T1T2ii (UA70): Special aircraft reports, related to volcanic ash (Remarks from Volume-C: NilReason)

Mytilus edulis growth rates from a three-month mesocosm experiment, Sylt, 2022

This dataset contains individual-level measurements of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis collected during a controlled mesocosm experiment at Sylt, Germany. Data were collected over a three-month period from 2 April 2022 to 27 June 2022. The experiment comprised twelve mesocosms, with four maintained at ambient temperature, four maintained at +1.5°C above ambient, and four at +3 °C above ambient. Observations include shell length, shell-length growth rates, and multiple biomass fractions, including total wet weight, wet tissue mass weight, shell-free dry weight, and ash-free dry weight, from which weight-based growth rates were calculated. All measurements were obtained using standard, traceable laboratory and field instruments. The dataset documents individual-level growth responses of M. edulis under controlled warming conditions and provides a reproducible resource for studies on physiological responses of coastal bivalves to temperature changes.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI – Aerosol Index (AI), Level 3 – Global

Aerosol Index (AI) as derived from TROPOMI observations. AI is an indicator for episodic aerosol plumes from dust outbreaks, volcanic ash, and biomass burning. The TROPOMI instrument onboard the Copernicus SENTINEL-5 Precursor satellite is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer that provides global measurements of atmospheric properties and constituents on a daily basis. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and climate, providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the top of atmosphere solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. The operational trace gas products generated at DLR on behave ESA are: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4), together with clouds and aerosol properties. This product is created in the scope of the project INPULS. It develops (a) innovative retrieval algorithms and processors for the generation of value-added products from the atmospheric Copernicus missions Sentinel-5 Precursor, Sentinel-4, and Sentinel-5, (b) cloud-based (re)processing systems, (c) improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users, and (d) data visualization services.

Macroinvertebrate endofauna of the Wadden Sea 2019-2021

The CRANIMPACT project investigated the effects of beam trawl shrimp fisheries on 2 habitat types in the sublittoral of the Wadden Sea National Parks of the northern German states. Two complementary approaches were used to investigate the short-term effects following an experimental fishing event and the chronic changes caused by sustained fishing pressure of varying intensity. In the experimental approach, the short-term, small-scale effects on endo- and epifauna after experimental fishing and their effect duration were investigated on a total of 4 study sites (A, B, B2 in the tidal flat system of the Sylt backshore tidal flat; C in the tidal flat system near Norderney). The experiments were conducted as before-after-control-impact studies (BACI) exclusively in habitat type fine and medium sands with ripple structure (a sufficiently large lanice field could not be sampled). The large-scale effects of fishing were determined along gradients of fishing intensity in the Wadden Sea of Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein and Denmark. For this purpose, among other things, methods were developed to represent small-scale differences in fishing effort using satellite data in tidal flat systems. Gradient analysis (GA) was carried out on fine and medium sands with ripple structure as well as on fields with colonization of the tree tube worm Lanice conchilega for the endofauna alone. All surveys were conducted in the sublittoral. A total of 427 endofauna samples were examined from 2019, 2020, and 2021.

GTS Bulletin: WVRO31 LROM - Warnings (details are described in the abstract)

The WVRO31 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (W): Warnings T1T2 (WV): Volcanic ash clouds (SIGMET) A1A2 (RO): Romania (Remarks from Volume-C: NilReason)

GTS Bulletin: UATU60 LTAC - Upper air data (details are described in the abstract)

The UATU60 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (U): Upper air data T1T2 (UA): Aircraft reports A1A2 (TU): Turkey T1T2ii (UA60): Special aircraft reports, except for volcanic ash (Remarks from Volume-C: NilReason)

GTS Bulletin: UADN61 EKKA - Upper air data (details are described in the abstract)

The UADN61 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (U): Upper air data T1T2 (UA): Aircraft reports A1A2 (DN): Denmark T1T2ii (UA61): Special aircraft reports, except for volcanic ash (Remarks from Volume-C: NilReason)

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