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Supporting metadata for multiple oceanographic cruises with RV SONNE (SO254, SO245, SO248) and RV POLARSTERN (PS79), Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study and Hawaii Ocean Time-series

The data presented here include the metadata (cruise, station number, geographic coordinates, water depth, temperature, salinity and solid-phase extracted dissolved organic carbon concentrations (SPE-DOC)) for multiple oceanographic cruises in the Atlantic, Pacific and Southern oceans (HOTS, BATS, SO254, SO245, SO248, ANT 28-II, ANT 28-IV, and 28-V) between 2009 and 2017. These metadata were used in conjunction with the accompanying dataset to assess the role of deep ocean mixing in the molecular composition of dissolved organic matter was compiled from the CTD bottle data of multiple cruises, some of which are available on PANGAEA at the following links: SO248: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.864673, SO245: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.890394, SO254: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.890453.

Atmospheric measurements gathered during Polarstern cruise PS147

The ship campaign PS147 (Atlantic Transit) with the German research vessel Polarstern took place from 12 March to 14 April 2025. The transit proceeded from Stanley, Falkland Islands, to Bremerhaven, Germany, with a stopover in Mindelo, Cape Verde, dividing the campaign into two sections, PS147/1 and PS147/2. During the voyage, several climate zones were crossed, including the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Here, we present a series of standardised data sets of the atmospheric observations gathered during the PS147 campaign.

Forschergruppe (FOR) 1740: Ein neuer Ansatz für verbesserte Abschätzungen des atlantischen Frischwasserhaushalts und von Frischwassertransporten als Teil des globalen Wasserkreislaufs, Variation of the fresh water in the western Nordic Seas

The goal of this project is to capture and analyse fluctuations of the fresh water in the western Nordic Seas and to understand the related processes. The East Greenland Current in the Nordic Seas constitutes an important conduit for fresh water exiting the Arctic Ocean towards the North Atlantic. The Arctic Ocean receives huge amounts of fresh water by continental runoff and by import from the Pacific Ocean. Within the Arctic Ocean fresh water is concentrated at the surface through sea ice formation. The East Greenland Current carries this fresh water in variable fractions as sea ice and in liquid form; part of it enters the central Nordic Seas, via branching of the current and through eddies. It controls the intensity of deep water formation and dilutes the water masses which result from convection. The last decades showed significant changes of the fresh water yield and distribution in the Nordic Seas and such anomalies were found to circulate through the North Atlantic. In this project the fresh water inventory, its spatial distribution and its pathways between the East Greenland Current and the interior Greenland and Icelandic seas shall be captured by autonomous glider missions. The new measurements and existing data will, in combination with the modeling work of the research group, serve as basis for understanding the causes of the fresh water variability and their consequences for the North Atlantic circulation and deep water formation.

Total and phytoplankton group chlorophyll concentrations from underway spectrophotometry with water mass classification in the East Greenland Sea from Polarstern expeditions 2015-2024

We present a high spatially resolved (around 300 m) data set on the chlorophyll-a concentrations of all phytoplankton (total chlorophyll-a), diatoms, haptophytes and chlorophytes various phytoplankton pigments (unit: mg/m³) estimated from particulate absorption data derived from underway AC-S measurements operated on eight R/V POLARSTERN expeditions in the Greenland Sea (North of 66.3°N to 82°N within the Atlantic Ocean) between 2015 to 2024: PS93.2, PS99.2, PS107, PS121, PS126, PS131, PS136 and PS143-2. For each data point we further provide the percentage of Atlantic Water and Polar Water and the association into the three regions: East Greenland Sea, Central Fram Strait and West Spitsbergen Current. Mind that the classification of water masses and regions is only valid for the Hausgarten area (78°N to 80°N and 7°W to 15°E). The details of the instrument set-up, the data and the methods are described in Bracher et al. (2025).

Multibeam bathymetry processed data (Atlas Hydrosweep DS 3 echo sounder entire dataset) of RV POLARSTERN during cruise PS116, Atlantic Ocean

Multibeam data were collected during RV Polarstern cruise PS116 (2018-11-11 to 2018-12-11). Multibeam sonar system was Atlas Hydrographic Hydrosweep DS 3 multibeam echo sounder. Data are processed with Caris HIPS, including sound velocity correction with SV data from SVPs, UCTDs and World Ocean Atlas 13 (https://doi.org/10.7289/v5f769gt), tidal correction with TPXO9_atlas_v5 (https://www.tpxo.net), and manual cleaning. The soundings are combined in daily files, the format is XYZ ASCII (<Lon> <Lat> <Depth in meters, positive up, relative to mean sea level>). Additional blockmedian grids have been computed with depth dependent cell size to visualize the data. These grids are not meant for scientific analysis or navigation, but for overview purposes only.

Meeresmilben (Acari, Halacaridae) im tropischen Westaustralien - Vergleich mit der Fauna anderer Regionen Australiens

Die Halacaridae (Meeresmilben) gehören, mit ihrer Körpergröße von 200-500 mym, zum Meiobenthos. Unter den Milben sind sie die einzigen, die vollständig an ein Leben im Meer angepasst sind; sie besiedeln den Bereich von der oberen Gezeitenlinie bis in die Tiefseegräben. Zur Zeit sind etwa 900 Arten bekannt. Im Vergleich zu den Küsten im Osten und Westen des Nordatlantiks zeichnen sich die Australiens durch eine äußerst artenreiche Halacaridenfauna aus: jede geographische Region entlang der Küste scheint in erster Linie eigene Arten zu beherbergen. Die geplanten Probennahmen bei Dampier an der tropischen Nordwestküste Australiens sollen Daten liefern für einen Vergleich mit den bereits bearbeiteten Faunen von Rottnest Island (Südwestaustralien) und dem Great Barrier Reef (Ostaustralien).

Entwicklung von Analysenmethoden zur Untersuchung des Meerwassers auf schaedliche Schwermetalle

Es sollen weitere schaedliche Schwermetalle, die bisher im DHI noch nicht hinreichend bearbeitet werden konnten, in die Ueberwachungsprogramme aufgenommen werden. Hierzu zaehlt im Meerwasser mit hoechster Prioritaet die Bestimmung von Blei und Zink durch Invers-Involtametrie, die Bestimmung von Titan, Chrom und Vanadium durch Atomabsorptionsspektrometrie, sowie die Bestimmung von vielen weiteren Elementen durch Totalreflexions- Roentgenfluoreszenzanalyse. Hierzu muessen auch die bewaehrten Probenahmemethoden im Hinblick auf moegliche Kontaminationen bei neu zu untersuchenden Metallen geprueft werden. Alle neuen Verfahren und Untersuchungen dienen unmittelbar dem Ziel, eine regelmaessige Ueberwachung auf die in Zukunft neu hinzutretenden Elemente im Rahmen internationaler und nationaler Verpflichtungen des DHI durch geeignete und erprobte Verfahren sicherzustellen.

Multibeam bathymetry processed data (Atlas Hydrosweep DS 3 echo sounder entire dataset) of RV POLARSTERN during cruise PS151, Atlantic Ocean

Multibeam data were collected during RV Polarstern cruise PS151 (2025-11-13 to 2025-12-12). Multibeam sonar system was Atlas Hydrographic Hydrosweep DS 3 multibeam echo sounder. Data are processed with Caris HIPS, including sound velocity correction with SV data from CTDs and World Ocean Atlas 23 (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/NCEI-WOA23), tidal correction with TPXO9_atlas_v5 (https://www.tpxo.net), and manual cleaning. The soundings are combined in daily files, the format is XYZ ASCII (<Lon> <Lat> <Depth in meters, positive up, relative to mean sea level>). Additional grids have been computed with depth dependent cell size to visualize the data. These grids are not meant for scientific analysis or navigation, but for overview purposes only.

Funktionelle Morphologie und Oekologie der benthischen Kleinforaminiferen

An Hand vorliegender Bodenproben aus dem Roten Meer (unter visueller Kontrolle mit dem U-Boot aufgesammelt) und aus dem Atlantik (Proben des Projektes Prosper) sollen die Kleinforaminiferen identifiziert und nach funktionsmorphologischen Kriterien geordnet werden. Ihre Verbreitungsmuster sollen korreliert werden mit den Mustern oekologischer Faktoren, soweit in Situ. beobachtet oder gemessen, insbesondere nach Hart- oder Weich-Substrat im Roten Meer und nach chemischen Parametern in der Wassersaeule (Atlantik). Spezifische Fragestellungen sind Identifikation und Dichte der Infauna, Identifikation und funktionell-morphologische Eigenschaften der sessilen und vagilen Epifauna, O2-Abhaengigkeit und Stellung der Foraminiferen in der Futterkette.

Mean Deep Ocean volume-weighted stacks

Mean Deep Ocean stacked records weighted by ocean basin volume are also provided for: benthic δ18O, MDOT and δ18Oseawater and compiled from records described for the non-weighted stacks. The weighted stacks were created using basin weights defined using fixed deep ocean volume fractions following the volumetric approach of Lisiecki and Stern (2016) (see their Table S2), and renormalised to unity at each time step to reflect the ocean volume represented by the available records.

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