Die Europäische Kommission (KOM) wird im Juni 2021 im Rahmen des 'fit for 55' Programms die Schaffung eines neuen europäischen Klimaschutzregimes für den Seeverkehr vorschlagen. Eine Option ist die Einbeziehung des Seeverkehrs in den bestehenden Europäischen Emissionshandel (EU ETS), in dem bereits die Energiewirtschaft, die energieintensive Industrie und der Luftverkehr reguliert werden. Alternativ sind für den Seeverkehr die Schaffung eines separaten sektoralen Emissionshandels, die Verknüpfung mit einem ggf. im Rahmen des 'fit for 55' Programms neu zu schaffenden europäischen Brennstoff-Emissionshandelssystems oder eine Steuer- bzw. Abgabenlösungen denkbar. Neben der Novellierung der EU-Emissionshandelsrichtlinie oder der Schaffung einer eigenständigen Richtlinie sind für die Implementierung eines Vollzugsregimes weitere untergesetzliche Rechtsakte zu erlassen. Das Vorhaben soll UBA/BMU in den Verhandlungen zur Schaffung, Implementierung und ersten Evaluierungen des o.g. Rechtsrahmens mit wissenschaftlichen Analysen sowie Wirkungs- und Verteilungsabschätzungen unterstützen. Dabei sind auch das Zusammenwirken des neuen Instruments mit dem übrigen Policy-Mix im Seeverkehr (z.B. Effizienzstandards) zu berücksichtigen. Das Vorhaben hat einen ökonomischen Schwerpunkt und zielt darauf ab, das neue Klimaschutzinstrument möglichst wirkungsvoll auszugestalten und stringent in den bestehenden Instrumenten- und Policy-Mix einzubinden. Dies ist fachlich nicht eigenständig durch UBA/BMU leistbar.
Umweltgerechtigkeit in Berlin 2021/22 durch die Bewertung der Kernindikatoren Lärmbelastung, Luftbelastung, Grünversorgung, Thermische Belastung, Soziale Benachteiligung sowie der Darstellung der Integrierten Mehrfachbelastung, Integrierten Mehrfachbelastung einschließlich des Kernindikators Soziale Benachteiligung sowie der Integrierten Mehrfachbelastung einschließlich des Kernindikators Soziale Benachteiligung und weiterer Ergänzungsindikatoren als "Berliner Umweltgerechtigkeitskarte".
Verteilung und Ausprägung verschiedender Klimaparameter, ihre analytische Zusammenfassung und Bewertung in einer Planungshinweiskarte, Raumbezug Raster und Blockkarte 1 : 5.000 (ISU5, Raumbezug Umweltatlas 2005, Bearbeitungsstand Juni 2009.
Verteilung und Ausprägung verschiedender Klimaparameter, ihre analytische Zusammenfassung und Bewertung in einer Planungshinweiskarte, Raumbezug Raster und Blockkarte 1 : 5.000 (ISU5, Raumbezug Umweltatlas 2001), Bearbeitungsstand April 2003.
Our research efforts intend to contribute to the development of a syntaxonomical vegetation classification system for the entire Arctic territory. Such a system enables a proper identification of the vegetation types and consequently an evaluation of their biological and ecological importance on local, regional and circumpolar scales. We use a modified, modern version of the Braun-Blanquet approach. Special attention is paid to detailed analyses of the composition of the bryophyte and lichen flora within the sample plots as well as to a detailed analysis of habitat and distribution of the vegetation. We focus on Greenland which holds geographically an intermediate position between Eurosiberia and the North-America continent. The syntaxonomical survey includes characterization of the plant communities and their habitat and distribution. Vegetation mapping displays local and regional distribution. Comparative studies are carried out in - Alaska and Canada (Southwest Alaska, Nunuvat) and we closely cooperate with Russian, European and American geobotanists and landscape ecologists. Ongoing research: Survey of the vegetation of Northwest Greenland (between 70-73 degree N)- vegetation of eastern North Greenland (southem Mylius Erichsen Land and southern Kronsprins Christian Land)-classification of dwarf shrub and terricolous lichen vegetation-vegetation mapping (CAVM-project) and characterization and delimination of altitudinal belts in the inland of West Greenland (project AZV Greenland).
The majority of the worlds forests has undergone some form of management, such as clear-cut or thinning. This management has direct relevance for global climate: Studies estimate that forest management emissions add a third to those from deforestation, while enhanced productivity in managed forests increases the capacity of the terrestrial biosphere to act as a sink for carbon dioxide emissions. However, uncertainties in the assessment of these fluxes are large. Moreover, forests influence climate also by altering the energy and water balance of the land surface. In many regions of historical deforestation, such biogeophysical effects have substantially counteracted warming due to carbon dioxide emissions. However, the effect of management on biogeophysical effects is largely unknown beyond local case studies. While the effects of climate on forest productivity is well established in forestry models, the effects of forest management on climate is less understood. Closing this feedback cycle is crucial to understand the driving forces behind past climate changes to be able to predict future climate responses and thus the required effort to adapt to it or avert it. To investigate the role of forest management in the climate system I propose to integrate a forest management module into a comprehensive Earth system model. The resulting model will be able to simultaneously address both directions of the interactions between climate and the managed land surface. My proposed work includes model development and implementation for key forest management processes, determining the growth and stock of living biomass, soil carbon cycle, and biophysical land surface properties. With this unique tool I will be able to improve estimates of terrestrial carbon source and sink terms and to assess the susceptibility of past and future climate to combined carbon cycle and biophysical effects of forest management. Furthermore, representing feedbacks between forest management and climate in a global climate model could advance efforts to combat climate change. Changes in forest management are inevitable to adapt to future climate change. In this process, is it possible to identify win-win strategies for which local management changes do not only help adaptation, but at the same time mitigate global warming by presenting favorable effects on climate? The proposed work opens a range of long-term research paths, with the aim of strengthening the climate perspective in the economic considerations of forest management and helping to improve local decisionmaking with respect to adaptation and mitigation.
Lake Sevan, the only large water reservoir within the South Caucasus, is under severe ecological pressure, and understanding the species composition of the lake and especially the rivers of its drainage basin is of central importance to inform natural resource management decisions in Armenia. Due to the limited capacity in the area for exact and fast taxonomic identification of benthic invertebrates, we started to compile a DNA barcode reference database of aquatic arthropods from the Lake Sevan drainage basin, spearheaded by Dr. Marine Dallakyan from Yerevan's Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology (Armenian Academy of Sciences), whose first visit to ZFMK has been financed by DAAD. The project is closely linked to the efforts undertaken and planned within the GGBC(link is external) project. The project results are aimed at making future standardized assessment of aquatic biodiversity monitoring in Armenia and the Caucasus easier, faster, and more reliable.
The North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment (NAWDEX) aims to provide the foundation for future improvements in the prediction of high impact weather events over Europe. The concept for the field experiment emerged from the WMO THORPEX program and contributes to the World Weather Research Program WWRP in general and to the High Impact Weather (HIWeather) project in particular. An international consortium from the US, UK, France, Switzerland and Germany has applied for funding of a multi-aircraft campaign supported by enhanced surface observations, over the North Atlantic and European region. The importance of accurate weather predictions to society is increasing due to increasing vulnerability to high impact weather events, and increasing economic impacts of weather, for example in renewable energy. At the same time numerical weather prediction has undergone a revolution in recent years, with the widespread use of ensemble predictions that attempt to represent forecast uncertainty. This represents a new scientific challenge because error growth and uncertainty are largest in regions influenced by latent heat release or other diabatic processes. These regions are characterized by small-scale structures that are poorly represented by the operational observing system, but are accessible to modern airborne remote-sensing instruments. HALO will play a central role in NAWDEX due to the unique capabilities provided by its long range and advanced instrumentation. With coordinated flights over a period of days, it will be possible to sample the moist inflow of subtropical air into a cyclone, the ascent and outflow of the warm conveyor belt, and the dynamic and thermodynamic properties of the downstream ridge. NAWDEX will use the proven instrument payload from the NARVAL campaign which combines water vapor lidar and cloud radar, supplemented by dropsondes, to allow these regions to be measured with unprecedented detail and precision. HALO operations will be supported by the DLR Falcon aircraft that will be instrumented with wind lidar systems, providing synergetic measurements of dynamical structures. These measurements will allow the first closely targeted evaluation of the quality of the operational observing and analysis systems in these crucial regions for forecast error growth. They will provide detailed knowledge of the physical processes acting in these regions and especially of the mechanisms responsible for rapid error growth in mid-latitude weather systems. This will provide the foundation for a better representation of uncertainty in numerical weather predictions systems, and better (probabilistic) forecasts.
Ziel: Das Ziel ist die Erfassung und Bewertung von Emissionen in 13 modernen Rinder-, Schweine- und Geflügelstallungen in Bayern unter den Aspekten Arbeitsmedizin, Tiergesundheit und Umweltwirkung. Methodik: Die ganztägigen Messkampanien erfolgen von Sommer 2004 bis Frühjahr 2005. Ergebnisse: Erste Auswertungen erfolgen im Frühjahr 2005.
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