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Kieselalgen (Diatomeen) des Schleswig-Holsteinischen Kuestengebietes

Vor allem Benthos-Formen. Verbreitung. Oekologische Bindungen (Substrat, Salzgehalt, Jahreszeiten, Gezeiten, Diatomeen als Tiernahrung). Flora der verschiedenen Biotope (Schlick, Sand, Salz-, Brack-, Suesswasser, oberstes Litoral). Diatomees als oekologische Indikatoren (Subfossil in verschiedenen Vor- und fruehgeschichtlichen Grabungen). Taxonomie. Sammeln von Proben im Gelaende: An verschiedenen Orten; Mehrfach oder regelmaessig an denselben Stellen; Vergleich mit entsprechenden Biotopen anderer Regionen, bisher Frankreich, Skandinavien, Ostafrika, Binnenlaendische Salzstellen).

Schwerpunktprogramm (SPP) 516: Evaluation of the "Meteor" Expeditions; Auswertung der Meteor-Expeditionen, Artendiversität der Tiefsee-Copepoda (Harpacticoida) des Angolabeckens (M 48/1)

Im Rahmen des internationalen Großprojektes DIVA soll die Artenvielfalt der Tiefseeharpacticoida (Copepoda) des Angolabeckens untersucht werden. Dafür sind vier Stationen quantitativ auf dem Fahrtabschnitt M 48/1 beprobt worden. Pro Station liegen bis zu sieben Repliken vor, so dass die Analysen erstmals mit Hilfe statistischer Tests absicherbar sein werden. Alle in den Proben vorhandenen adulten Harpacticoida sollen bis zur Familie bestimmt werden. Die Artbestimmung soll sich auf vier Taxa (Argestidae, Pseudotachidiidae, Huntemanniidae, Neobradyidae) konzentrieren. Für jede Probe soll die Artenzusammensetzung sowie die Abundanz der einzelnen Arten als Grundlage für eine Untersuchung der Diversitätsmuster ermittelt werden. Die Diversität soll sowohl kleinräumig durch Vergleich der Einzelrepliken einer Station als auch großräumig durch Vergleich des Materials der vier beprobten Stationen untersucht werden. Es wird sich zeigen, wie groß die Areale einzelner Arten sind bzw. wie hoch der Anteil weit verbreiteter und lokaler Arten ist. Im Vergleich mit den Ergebnissen anderer Expeditionen (z.B. ANDEEP) wird sich daraus letztlich abschätzen lassen, wie hoch die Gesamtartenzahl der Harpacticoida in der Tiefsee sein könnte. Zusätzlich zu den Diversitätsuntersuchungen sollen ausgewählte Teiltaxa systematisch bearbeitet werden. Andere Gruppen der Meiofauna werden an Kooperationspartner weitergegeben oder zusätzlich von uns bearbeitet.

Raw data of physical oceanography during RV HEINCKE cruise HE659

Raw physical oceanography data was acquired by a ship-based Seabird SBE911plus CTD-Rosette system onboard RV HEINCKE . The CTD was equipped with duplicate sensors for temperature (SBE3plus) and conductivity (SBE4) as well as one sensor for oxygen (SBE43). Additional sensors such as a WET Labs C-Star transmissometer, a WET Labs ECO-AFL fluorometer (FLRTD) and an altimeter (Teledyne Benthos PSA-916) were mounted to the CTD. The data was recorded using pre-cruise calibration coefficients. No correction, post-cruise calibration or quality control was applied. Processed profile data are available via the link below.

Neuanfertigung eines Milticorers fuer die quantitative Zoobenthosuntersuchungen im Stauraum Altenwoerth

Physical oceanography during RV HEINCKE cruise HE659

Conductivity-temperature-depth profiles were measured using a Seabird SBE 911plus CTD during RV HEINCKE cruise HE659. The CTD was equipped with duplicate sensors for temperature (SBE3plus), conductivity (SBE4) and oxygen (SBE43). Additional sensors such as a WET Labs C-Star transmissometer, a WET Labs ECO-AFL fluorometer and an altimeter (PSA-916 Teledyne (Benthos)) were mounted to the CTD. Temperature, conductivity and oxygen sensors are calibrated by the manufacturer once a year before being mounted in January. They are used throughout the year and no post-cruise or in-situ calibration is applied. All other sensors are calibrated irregularly. Data were connected to the station book of the specific cruise as available in the DSHIP database. Processing of the data including removal of obvious outliers followed the procedures described in CTD Processing Logbook of RV HEINCKE (hdl:10013/epic.47427). The processing report for this dataset is linked below.

Raw data of physical oceanography during RV HEINCKE cruise HE649

Raw physical oceanography data was acquired by a ship-based Seabird SBE911plus CTD-Rosette system onboard RV HEINCKE . The CTD was equipped with duplicate sensors for temperature (SBE3plus) and conductivity (SBE4) as well as one sensor for oxygen (SBE43). Additional sensors such as a WET Labs C-Star transmissometer, a WET Labs ECO-AFL fluorometer (FLRTD) and an altimeter (Teledyne Benthos PSA-916) were mounted to the CTD. The data was recorded using pre-cruise calibration coefficients. No correction, post-cruise calibration or quality control was applied. Processed profile data are available via the link below.

Seawater carbonate chemistry and skeletal integrity of a marine keystone predator (Asterias rubens)

The current increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration induces changes in the seawater carbonate system resulting in decreased pH and calcium carbonate saturation state, a phenomenon called ocean acidification (OA). OA has long been considered as a major threat to echinoderms because their extensive endoskeleton is made of high‑magnesium calcite, one of the most soluble forms of calcium carbonate. Numerous studies addressed this question in sea urchins, but very few questioned the impact of OA on the sea star skeleton, although members of this taxon do not compensate their extracellular pH, contrary to most sea urchins. In the present study, adults of the common sea star, Asterias rubens from Kiel Fjord, a site experiencing natural acidification events exceeding pCO2 levels of 2500 μatm, were chronically exposed to different levels of simulated ocean acidification (pHT-SW 8.0, 7.4, 7.2), encompassing present and future conditions, for the duration of 109 days. Corrosion and mechanical properties of skeletal elements were studied using scanning electron microscopy, three-point bending tests as well as nanoindentation. The spines were significantly corroded at pHT-SW 7.4 and below while the ambulacral plates were only affected at pHT-SW 7.2. Nanoindentation of newly formed spines and ambulacral plates did not reveal significant CO2-induced differences in skeleton hardness or elasticity across treatments. Results of three-point bending tests revealed significantly reduced characteristic strength and fracture force of ambulacral plates from the median arm segment at pHT-SW 7.4 and below. These plates are those supporting the tube feet involved in the opening of bivalves during feeding and in the animal attachment to the substrate. Under reduced seawater pH, this might result in fracture of sea star plates during predation on mussel. The present results predict a possible impact of ocean acidification on the skeletal integrity of a marine keystone predator.

Seawater carbonate chemistry and growth, survival and Chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters of Fucus vesiculosus L.(Phaeophyceae) in a seasonally fluctuating environment

Global change exposes brown algal Fucus vesiculosus populations to increasing temperature and pCO2, which may threaten individuals, in particular the early life-stages. Genetic diversity of F. vesiculosus populations is low in the Baltic compared to Atlantic populations. This might jeopardise their potential for adaptation to environmental changes. Here, we report on the responses of early life-stage F. vesiculosus to warming and acidification in a near-natural scenario maintaining natural and seasonal variation (spring 2013–2014) of the Kiel Fjord in the Baltic Sea, Germany (54°27ʹN, 10°11ʹW). We assessed how stress sensitivity differed among sibling groups and how genetic diversity of germling populations affected their stress tolerance. Warming increased growth rates of Fucus germlings in spring and in early summer, but led to higher photoinhibition in spring and decreased their survival in late summer. Acidification increased germlings' growth in summer but otherwise showed much weaker effects than warming. During the colder seasons (autumn and winter), growth was slow while survival was high compared to spring and summer, all at ambient temperatures. A pronounced variation in stress response among genetically different sibling groups (full-sib families) suggests a genotypic basis for this variation and thus a potential for adaptation for F. vesiculosus populations to future conditions. Corroborating this, survival in response to warming in populations with higher diversity was better than the mean survival of single sibling groups. We conclude that impacts on early life-stages depend on the combination of stressors and season and that genetic variation is crucial for the tolerance to global change stress.

Seawater carbonate chemistry and effects of ocean acidification on different life-cycle stages of the kelp Laminaria hyperborea (Phaeophyceae) in a laboratory experiment

Seawater carbonate chemistry and behavioural trait expression of polar invertebrates

Here, we examine the ecosystem ramifications of changes in sediment-dwelling invertebrate bioturbation behaviour—a key process mediating nutrient cycling—associated with nearfuture environmental conditions (+ 1.5 °C, 550 ppm [pCO2]) for species from polar regions experiencing rapid rates of climate change. This dataset is included in the OA-ICC data compilation maintained in the framework of the IAEA Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (see https://oa-icc.ipsl.fr). Original data were downloaded from Polar Data Centre (see Source) by the OA-ICC data curator. In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2024) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2024-07-11.

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