Das Projekt "Biodiversity and sustainable management of Kyrgyzstan's walnut-fruit forests: Development of new silvicultural concepts (ORECH-LES)" wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Departement für Wald- und Holzforschung, Abteilung für Forstwirtschaft, Professur für Waldbau.South Kyrgyzstan contains unique forests of walnut (Juglans regia L.) and other fruitbearing tree species. These 'walnut-fruit forests' are considered as a biodiversity-hotspot of international significance and an important resource for the local rural population. Since Kyrgyzstan's independence, the increasing pressure on forests and the breakdown of an effective forest management system show that sustainable management of these forests is currently not guaranteed. Large areas are in a silviculturally critical condition and are under-productive: currently, there are no suitable methods for their management. There is an urgent need for new ideas to develop multifunctional management schemes that involve the local population. The main aim of ORECH-LES, the applied research project described here, is to develop the required silvicultural approaches and to encourage their implementation through training and consultation. The research will focus on how to shape, optimise and treat forests and agroforestry systems. Special attention will be paid to how active forest management affects biodiversity. The investigations will be carried out on a network of representative trial plots, which have been continually extended since 1999. The research will follow a transdisciplinary approach, in which new knowledge is acquired, with researchers, forestry practitioners and the local population co-operating closely. In this way, the knowledge thus generated can quickly be put into practice and new research questions can be derived from the resulting practical experience. The ORECH-LES project will fill a void in the overall strategy for conserving the walnut-fruit forests, conceived by the Kyrgyz government in 1996 with Swiss support (Goslesagentsvo, 1996). There will be important synergy with current projects of the Kyrgyz-Swiss Forestry Sector Support Programme KIRFOR (Intercoope ration SDC). ORECH-LES (Russian) means walnut-forest, Orech is the word for walnut, Les the one for forest The approaches and methods to be developed should make it possible to optimise the productivity of the forests and to protect their high level of biodiversity. The project will, thus, provide favourable conditions for creating new sources of income, thereby contributing to poverty alleviation and to the economic transition of the region. At the same time, the project will contribute to the conservation of these unique forests, which will help to safeguard the genetic diversity of fruit species cultivated world-wide in their natural habitats. By training local foresters and private farmers, the project will boost, local forest management skills, foster co-operation between private individuals and officials in forest management and will help to streamline the forest administration and make it more effective. ...
Das Projekt "Feuerbrandbekaempfung unter praxisnahen Bedingungen mit Plantomycin (Streptomycin) und alternativen Mitteln" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bayer AG, Zentralbereich Zentrale Forschung. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft.Freilandversuche unter praxisnahen Bedingungen sind Voraussetzung fuer die Beurteilung chemischer Massnahmen sowie alternativer Verfahren zur Bekaempfung der Feuerbrandkrankheit. Um die Schwierigkeiten von kuenstlichen Infektionen mit Bakteriensuspensionen zu umgehen und reproduzierbare, relevante Testmethoden zu entwickeln, werden die Bewertungen an sekundaer infizierten Baeumen vorgenommen. In die Versuche werden Resistenzpruefungen an Apfel- und Birnensorten, der Einfluss von Erwinia amylovora Isolaten und verschiedene Stoffe einbezogen.