The GBL (INSPIRE) represents mechanically drilled boreholes approved by the State Geological Surveys of Germany (SGS). Most of the drilling data were not collected by the SGS, but were transmitted to SGS by third parties in accordance with legal requirements. Therefore, the SGS can accept no responsibility for the accuracy of the information. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the boreholes of each federal state are stored in one INSPIRE-compliant GML file. The GML file together with a Readme.txt file is provided in ZIP format (e.g. GBL-INSPIRE_Lower_Saxony.zip). The Readme.txt file (German/English) contains detailed information on the GML file content. Data transformation was proceeded by using the INSPIRE Solution Pack for FME according to the INSPIRE requirements.
The first country wide soil map at a scale of 1:1,000,000 (BUEK1000) has been compiled on the basis of published soil maps of the former German Democratic Republic and the pre 1990 federal states of Germany. To do this, it was necessary to match the soil systems used in East and West Germany and to develop standardized descriptions of soil units. A relatively homogeneous map has resulted, which permits uniform assessment of the soils throughout Germany. The map shows 71 soil mapping units, described in the legend on the basis of the German and FAO soil systems. Each soil unit has been assigned a characteristic soil profile (Leitprofil) as an aid to map interpretation. For the first time the subdivision of the country into 12 soil regions has been represented on the map. This subdivision was coordinated with the state Geological Surveys. These soil regions will represent the highest hierarchic level of nation wide soil maps in future. The colours of soil units correspond to the standards of the 'Bodenkundliche Kartieranleitung' (KA 3; Guidelines for Soil Mapping). The various hues characterize differences in relief or soil humidity. The BUEK1000 was produced digitally. It is an important part of the spatial database integrated in the Soil Information System currently being established at the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (FISBo BGR). It can be used together with the characteristic soil profiles to derive thematic maps related to nation wide soil protection. The scale of the BUEK1000 makes it especially suitable for small scale evaluations at federal or EU level.
This raster dataset shows the main type of crop grown on each field in Germany each year. Crop types and crop rotation are of great economic importance and have a strong influence on the functions of arable land and ecology. Information on the crops grown is therefore important for many environmental and agricultural policy issues. With the help of satellite remote sensing, the crops grown can be recorded uniformly for whole Germany. Based on Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 time series as well as LPIS data from some Federal States of Germany, 21 different crops or crop groups were mapped per pixel with 10 m resolution for Germany on an annual basis since 2017. These data sets enable a comparison of arable land use between years and the derivation of crop rotations on individual fields. More details and the underlying methodology can be found in Gessner et al. 2025 and Asam et al. 2022.
<p>This data set contains fish occurrence and abundance data for 72 freshwater fish species (native and non-native) for 12 federal states (Berlin, Brandenburg, Hesse, Mecklenburg- West Pomerania, Lower Saxony, Bremen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Saarland, Saxony-Anhalt, Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein, Thuringia) in Germany, This geographic extent covers mostly middle and north Germany, including the basins of Maas, Weser, Ems, Elbe, Oder, and middle Rhine, while excluding the Danube River Basin and the upper Rhine Basin. The data set has been collected by federal authorities and experts at 12007 sampling sites for the purpose Water Framework or Habitats Directive monitoring across the aforementioned federal states: (1) Berlin 159 sampling sites data provided by „Fischereiamt Berlin“ (2) Brandenburg 1179 sampling sites data provided by „Landesamt fuer Umwelt Brandenburg, Referat W14 (Oberflaechengewaesserguete)“ (3) Bremen 37 sampling sites data provided by „Die Senatorin fuer Klimaschutz, Umwelt, Mobilität, Stadtentwicklung und Wohnungsbau, Contrescape 72, 28195 Bremen“ (4) Hesse 988 sampling sites data provided by "Hessisches Landesamt fuer Naturschutz, Umwelt und Geologie (HLNUG), Dezernat Gewaesseroekologie" (5) Mecklenburg-West Pomerania 260 sampling sites data provided by "Landesamt fuer Umwelt, Naturschutz und Geologie (LUNG) Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" (6) North Rhine-Westphalia 2118 sampling sites data provided by "fischinfo.naturschutzinformationen.nrw.de" (7) Lower Saxony 530 sampling sites data provided by "Niedersaechsisches Landesamt fuer Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit (LAVES), Dezernat Binnenfischerei, Hannover" (8) Saarland 63 sampling sites data provided by "Landesamt fuer Umwelt und Arbeitsschutz Saarland, Fachbereich Gewaesseroekologie" (9) Saxony 3735 sampling sites data provided by "LfULG (2021): Auszug aus der Fischdatenbank SaFiDB" (10) Saxony-Anhalt 436 sampling sites data provided by "Landesverwaltungsamt Sachsen-Anhalt Halle (Saale) & Institut fuer Binnenfischerei Potsdam-Sacrow e.V.: Fischartenkataster des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt 1992-2021" (11) Schleswig-Holstein 1881 sampling sites data provided by "Landesamt fuer Landwirtschaft, Umwelt und laendliche Raeume des Landes Schleswig-Holstein" (12) Thuringia 621 sampling sites data provided by "Fischdatenbank Thueringen" The whole data set covers a time-span from 1985 to 2020, but the main time span, for which we know that all federal states delivered most of the available data, was 2000 to 2020. However, 6246 of the sites were only sampled once. All other sites have been sampled at least twice and one site was sampled 20 times. For each sampling event, the dataset includes information on species (latin name), number of individuals caught, sampling location (name, type (lake or river)), location (names of broader water-bodies, coordinates), sampling effort (in most cases length, but sometimes duration or area), sampling method (mostly electrofishing, but sometimes others). As most data were collected for Water Framework or Habitats Directive monitoring, it can be expected that all caught species were reported. However, the original dataset only reported detections, and not absences. Hence, here, we included zero values for all species that were not reported at a site in one year, but were present in another year at that site.</p>
Der verstärkte Ausbau erneuerbarer Energien ist erklärtes Ziel der Bundesregierung. Das Energiekonzept von 2010 formuliert hierzu Ausbauziele, die den Nutzungsdruck auf die verfügbaren Flächen deutlich erhöhen. Um Konflikte mit anderen Raumnutzungen zu vermeiden, ist es erforderlich, die regionalen Flächenpotenziale für die Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien zu kennen. Nur so kann jeder Raum entsprechend seiner Möglichkeiten optimal genutzt werden. Gegenstand und Zielsetzung: Ziel des Forschungsvorhabens ist die Entwicklung, Erprobung und Anwendung eines praxisgerechten Berechnungsmodells zur Abschätzung der regionalen Flächenpotenziale der verschiedenen EE-Sparten. Hintergrund ist dabei nicht, Vorgaben bezüglich umsetzbarer Flächenpotenziale für Bundesländer oder Regionen zu generieren. Es soll vielmehr ein Beitrag zur Methodenentwicklung und -harmonisierung geleistet werden, der eine transparente Zieldiskussion ermöglicht, die es erlaubt, die raum- und umweltverträgliche Umsetzbarkeit von Beginn an adäquat in den Entscheidungsprozess einzubeziehen. Das Modell soll die Berechnung raum- und umweltverträglicher EE-Flächenpotenziale auf Bundes-, Landes- und regionaler Ebene ermöglichen und hinreichende Einzelfallgerechtigkeit aufweisen. Die Ergebnisse der Analyse sollen die Akteure in die Lage versetzen, Handlungsempfehlungen für den weiteren Ausbau EE formulieren zu können sowie bestehende Zielsetzungen auf ihre Raum- und Umweltverträglichkeit zu prüfen. Dazu soll den Akteuren eine Methodik angeboten werden, die - im Gegensatz zu bestehenden Analyseansätzen - Raumansprüche und Raumwirkungen der einzelnen EE-Sparten in Abhängigkeit von den naturräumlichen Potenzialen sowie von den politischen, rechtlichen und insbesondere planerischen, technischen und wirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen berücksichtigt. Darüber hinaus wird eine flexible Anpassung des Kriterienkatalogs vor dem Hintergrund der Planungsebene sowie der regionalen Eigenschaften ermöglicht. Der Anwender soll mit dem bereitgestellten Grundgerüst der Methodik und mit den Erläuterungen zur ebenenspezifischen Anpassung eigene, regionsspezifische Auswertungen unter Verwendung eigener Restriktionskriterien durchführen können. Das Vorgehen wird anhand der Fallstudien verdeutlicht. Im Ergebnis des Vorhabens werden ein standartisierter Datenkatalog und Hinweise auf weitere, ggf. regional verfügbare Datensätze erarbeitet.
The presented dataset forms the basis for investigating present and future coupled effects of rising surface temperatures and temporal trends in groundwater recharge on subsurface pressure and temperature (PT) conditions in the North German Basin beneath the Federal States of Brandenburg and Berlin (NE Germany), for the period 1955-2100. The study relies on a stochastic weather generator, a distributed hydrologic model, and a 3D thermo-hydraulic groundwater model to evaluate spatio-temporal subsurface feedback to two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) for seven general circulation models (GCM). The results demonstrate a regional variability in both the intensity and maximum depths of projected groundwater warming, driven by hydraulic gradients and the underlying geological structure. The magnitude of groundwater warming primarily depends on the surface temperature scenario. Projected changes in recharge are not sufficient to reverse this trend, although recharge is still a key factor controlling groundwater dynamics within aquifers lying above the Rupelian Clay aquitard. The dataset can be further utilized for assessing shallow geothermal potential and groundwater storage availability in the Berlin-Brandenburg region under climate change.
Which salt formations are suitable for storing hydrogen or compressed air? In the InSpEE-DS research project, scientists developed requirements and criteria for the assessment of suitable sites even if their exploration is still at an early stage and there is little knowledge of the salinaries’ structures. Scientists at DEEP.KBB GmbH in Hanover, worked together with their project partners at BGR and the Leibniz University Hanover, Institute for Geotechnics, to develop the planning basis for the site selection and for the construction of storage caverns in flat layered salt and multiple or double saliniferous formations. Such caverns could store renewable energy in the form of hydrogen or compressed air. While the previous project InSpEE was limited to salt formations of great thickness in Northern Germany, salt horizons of different ages have now been examined all over Germany. To estimate the potential, depth contour maps of the top and the base as well as thickness maps of the respective stratigraphic units were developed. Due to the present INSPIRE geological data model, it was necessary, in contrast to the original dataset, to classify the boundary lines of the potential storage areas in the Zechstein base and thickness layers, whereby the classification of these lines was taken from the top Zechstein layer. Consequently, the boundary element Depth criterion 2000 m (Teufe-Kriterium 2000 m) corresponds on each level to the 2000 m depth of Top Zechstein. However, the boundary of national borders and the boundary of the data basis could not be implemented in the data model and are therefore not included in the dataset. Information on compressed air and hydrogen storage potential is given for the identified areas and for the individual federal states. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the content of InSpEE-DS (INSPIRE) is stored in 18 INSPIRE-compliant GML files: InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isopachs_Zechstein.gml contains the Zechstein isopachs. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isobaths_Top_Zechstein.gml and InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isobaths_Basis_Zechstein.gml contain the isobaths of the top and basis of Zechstein. The three files InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_ThicknessMap_Zechstein, InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_Top_Zechstein and InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_Basis_Zechstein represent the faults of the Zechstein body as well as at the top and at the basis of the Zechstein body. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Boundary_element_Potential_areas_Zechstein.gml contains the boundary elments of the potential areas at the top and the basis of Zechstein as well as of the Zechstein body. The three files InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_ThicknessMap_Zechstein.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_Top_Zechstein.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_Basis_Zechstein.gml represent the uncertainty areas of the Zechstein body as well as at the top and at the basis of the Zechstein body. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Potentially_usable_storage_areas_Storage_potential_in_the_federal_states.gml comprises the areas with storage potential for renewable energy in the form of hydrogen and compressed air. The six files InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Malm.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Keuper.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Muschelkalk.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Roet.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Zechstein.gml and InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Rotliegend.gml represent the salt distribution of the respective stratigraphic unit. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_General_salt_distribution.gml represents the general salt distribution in Germany. This geographic information is product of a BMWi-funded research project "InSpEE-DS" running from the year 2015 to 2019. The acronym stands for "Information system salt: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air) - double saline and flat salt layers".
Which salt formations are suitable for storing hydrogen or compressed air? In the InSpEE-DS research project, scientists developed requirements and criteria for the assessment of suitable sites even if their exploration is still at an early stage and there is little knowledge of the salinaries’ structures. Scientists at DEEP.KBB GmbH in Hanover, worked together with their project partners at BGR and the Leibniz University Hanover, Institute for Geotechnics, to develop the planning basis for the site selection and for the construction of storage caverns in flat layered salt and multiple or double saliniferous formations. Such caverns could store renewable energy in the form of hydrogen or compressed air. While the previous project InSpEE was limited to salt formations of great thickness in Northern Germany, salt horizons of different ages have now been examined all over Germany. To estimate the potential, depth contour maps of the top and the base as well as thickness maps of the respective stratigraphic units were developed. Due to the present INSPIRE geological data model, it was necessary, in contrast to the original dataset, to classify the boundary lines of the potential storage areas in the Zechstein base and thickness layers, whereby the classification of these lines was taken from the top Zechstein layer. Consequently, the boundary element Depth criterion 2000 m (Teufe-Kriterium 2000 m) corresponds on each level to the 2000 m depth of Top Zechstein. However, the boundary of national borders and the boundary of the data basis could not be implemented in the data model and are therefore not included in the dataset. Information on compressed air and hydrogen storage potential is given for the identified areas and for the individual federal states. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the content of InSpEE-DS (INSPIRE) is stored in 18 INSPIRE-compliant GML files: InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isopachs_Zechstein.gml contains the Zechstein isopachs. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isobaths_Top_Zechstein.gml and InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Isobaths_Basis_Zechstein.gml contain the isobaths of the top and basis of Zechstein. The three files InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_ThicknessMap_Zechstein, InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_Top_Zechstein and InSpEE_DS_GeologicStructure_Basis_Zechstein represent the faults of the Zechstein body as well as at the top and at the basis of the Zechstein body. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Boundary_element_Potential_areas_Zechstein.gml contains the boundary elments of the potential areas at the top and the basis of Zechstein as well as of the Zechstein body. The three files InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_ThicknessMap_Zechstein.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_Top_Zechstein.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Uncertainty_areas_Basis_Zechstein.gml represent the uncertainty areas of the Zechstein body as well as at the top and at the basis of the Zechstein body. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Potentially_usable_storage_areas_Storage_potential_in_the_federal_states.gml comprises the areas with storage potential for renewable energy in the form of hydrogen and compressed air. The six files InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Malm.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Keuper.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Muschelkalk.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Roet.gml, InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Zechstein.gml and InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_Salt_distribution_in_Germany_Rotliegend.gml represent the salt distribution of the respective stratigraphic unit. InSpEE_DS_GeologicUnit_General_salt_distribution.gml represents the general salt distribution in Germany. This geographic information is product of a BMWi-funded research project "InSpEE-DS" running from the year 2015 to 2019. The acronym stands for "Information system salt: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air) - double saline and flat salt layers".
The KOR250 (INSPIRE) in the scale of 1:250,000 shows occurrences and deposits of mineral resources in Germany, which lie close to the Earth’s surface, i.e. can be mined in open-pits, quarries or near-surface mines. These mineral resources include industrial minerals, aggregates, peat, lignite, oil shales, and natural brines. The map is derived from the KOR250, the digital successor of the map series KOR200 „Map of Near-Surface Deposits of the Federal Republic of Germany 1:200,000”, which has been published since 1984. The KOR200 and KOR250 have been published by the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources together with the State Geological Surveys of the federal states on behalf of the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy. Primary purpose of the KOR250 is to display Germany’s potential of domestic raw materials in a comparable way. The explanations given in the printed booklets accompanying the KOR200 are not available in the digital KOR250. In the KOR250 besides the defined deposits and differently coloured areas of raw materials, "active mines" (= operations) at time of publication or "focal points of several active mines" are marked with one symbol each. These mines are not included in the KOR250 (INSPIRE) as often the headquarters of the mining company and not the mining site itself is displayed as well as in many regions the dataset is outdated. As the map sheets of the KOR200 have been generated over more than three decades the timeliness of data is extremely different. For more detail, the current large-scale raw material maps of the Federal State Geological Surveys should always be consulted. The point data displayed in KOR250 (INSPIRE) indicate very small, but worth mentioning prospects of certain raw materials. According to the Data Specification on Mineral Resources (D2.8.III.21) the content of the map is stored in two INSPIRE-compliant GML files: KOR250_EarthResource_polygon.gml comprises the mineral resources as polygons. KOR250_EarthResource_point.gml comprises the mineral resources as points. The GML files together with a Readme.txt file are provided in ZIP format (KOR250-INSPIRE.zip). The Readme.text file (German/English) contains detailed information on the GML files content. Data transformation was proceeded by using the INSPIRE Solution Pack for FME according to the INSPIRE requirements. Notes: It should be noted that according to the INSPIRE commodity code list, most magmatites and metamorphites were assigned to the two values "granite" and "basalt". From a geological point of view and with regard to its origin, this assignment is often misleading. For more information on the outcropping rock of a specific raw material occurrence, the German name from the original KOR250 was mapped to the attribute name of the class GeologicFeature.
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