The deep seismic reflection survey DEKORP 1-Laacher See was conducted as additional measurements in the Laacher See area in 1987 as part of the DEKORP-1 project, one main traverse of the German continental seismic reflection program. This small survey was an attempt to reveal the 3-D crustal structure in an area of the Quaternary East Eifel Volcanism and possibly find some magma chambers in the crust with high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition (DEKORP Research Group, 1991). The measurement consists of a 8,64 km long, multifold 2D seismic line 8701 across the Laacher See in NE-SW direction and two pseudo-3D seismic areas 8702 north of the lake and 8703 beneath the lake with one-fold coverage in each case. Laacher See or Lake Laach is a caldera lake in the Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, one of the volcanic centres of the East Eifel Volcanic Field. It belongs together with the West Eifel to the youngest volcanic areas in Central Europe. The caldera of the Laacher See was formed about 12 900 years ago after the volcano explosively erupted, and the remaining crust collapsed into the empty magma chamber below. The Laacher See is still considered to be an active volcano, proven by seismic activities and thermal anomalies under the lake. The first processing of the Laacher See data was carried out at the Geophysical Institute of the CAU University Kiel in 1990. Unfortunately, these results have not been preserved or published. According to DEKORP Research Group (1991) the first processing resulted in poor data quality caused by high scattering and attenuation in the volcanic material near the surface. This reflected energy was not enough to image a magma chamber beneath the lake or any other structures. Thus, information about the structure of the Earth’s crust of the Eifel is mainly based on the deep seismic reflexion profile DEKORP 1B, running ca. 25 km to the west from the Laacher See und crossing DEKORP 1A at its northern profile end. In recent years, deep low‐frequency (DLF) earthquakes have been detected in the Laacher See area indicating ongoing magmatic activity in the lower crust and upper mantle (Hensch et al., 2019, Dahm et al. 2020). These and other signatures suggested the reprocessing of the Laacher See data with modern methods. Thus, the 2D seismic line 8701 has been reprocessed in 2020 within the framework of the Master’s thesis by Agafonova (2020) written at the Technical University of Berlin and supervised by the GFZ Potsdam. All reprocessed data come in SEGY trace format, the final sections additionally in PNG or PDF graphic format: as raw FF-sorted unstacked data, as preprocessed CDP-/FF-sorted unstacked data as well as poststack-time/-depth unmigrated and migrated sections. Moreover, the results of the tomographic inversion are included. Detailed information about acquisition and reprocessing parameters of line 8701 can be found in the accompanying Technical Report (Agafonova & Stiller, 2021). The reprocessed results of the Laacher See survey 1987 can be of importance for better understanding the structure of the Eifel crust. Even though significant knowledge gaps and uncertainties exist due to the insufficient data quality, such important questions can already be discussed as: • How complex is the structure beneath the Laacher See? • Can the Mantle-Crust Boundary be defined at ca. 34 km depth? • Are the strongly inclined events in the Upper Crust between 1-5 km depth parts of caldera ring-faults? • Do the reflections between 5-7 km depth indicate boundaries of a possible magma chamber?
The profile 2N was recorded in 1986 as part of the DEKORP project, the German deep seismic reflection program. The focus of the DEKORP project was on deep crustal and lithospheric structures and therefore originally not on structures at shallower depths. From today's perspective, however, this depth range is of great interest for a wide range of possible technical applications (including medium-depth and deep geothermal projects). The original data is published by Stiller et al. (2021). The southernmost 68 km of the 219 km long profile 2N were reprocessed on behalf of the Hessian Agency of Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology (HLNUG). The focus of the reprocessing was on improving the resolution / mapping of geological structures down to a depth of 6 km (approx. 3 s TWT) to describe the prolongation of faults and geological structures in more detail than in previous studies. In order to achieve these goals and in view of the fact that today's processing and evaluation methods have been improved considerably compared to the 1990‘s, a state-of-the-art reprocessing was implemented. In comparison with the original processing (Stiller et al. (2021)), more sophisticated processing steps like CRS (Common Reflection Surface) instead of CDP (Common Depth Point) stacking, turning-ray tomography and prestack time and depth migration were carried out. The reprocessing results of the DEKORP 2N survey comprise all datasets newly achieved in addition to the datasets from the original processing (Stiller et al. (2021)), i.e. (1) the migrated CRS image gathers as unstacked data, and (2) the pure CRS stack, the poststack-time as well as prestack-time and prestack-depth migrated sections as stacked data. Moreover, (3) all velocity models used for the different versions including (4) the separate first-break tomography inversion, are contained. All reprocessed data come in SEGY trace format, the final sections additionally in PDF graphic format. A reprocessing report is included as well as again all meta information for each domain (source, receiver, CDP) like coordinates, elevations, locations and static corrections combined in ASCII-tables for geometry assignment purposes. The DEKORP 2 survey, consisting of the three segments 86-2Q, 86-2N and 84-2S, starts in the sub-Variscan foredeep of the Münsterland Basin and ends in the Moldanubian region at the Danube. The central part crosses the Rhenish Massif (Rhenohercynian), the Spessart Mountains of the Mid-German Crystalline High (Saxothuringian) and the meteorite impact location of the "Nördlinger Ries". The 219 km long, SSE-NNW striking DEKORP 2N line provides a cross-section through the Rhenish Massif from the sub-Variscan Münsterland Basin in the north to the Rhenohercynian Taunus Mountains in the south. The profile is the northern continuation of DEKORP 2S, which intersects at profile km 7.72. The reprocessed datasets contain a sub-section of the entire 2N with a total length of 67.84 km of full CDP fold, covering the profile’s southern part through the state of Hesse. The DEKORP '86-2N profile is of particular interest to investigate the seismic resolution of the Rhenish Massif and its different structures, such as the Siegen anticline, the Dill syncline, and the Lahn anticline. In the most southern part, the profile reaches into the Rhenohercynian Taunus Mountains until the Taunus ridge. The seismic sections of 2N show clear, deep reaching reflections along the prolongation of the whole profile supporting newer theories of nappe structures in the hessian part of the Rhenish Massif. The reflections are more clearly visible than in the original processing. All visible structures are mainly SE-dipping reflections in the upper crust, which represent lithologic contrasts as well as thrust faults known from surface geology. In the lower crust highly reflective predominantly SE-dipping reflectors can be identified. Moho reflections are clearly identifiable and deepening to the NW.
The profile DEKORP 3B/MVE, consisting of the two segments West and East, was recorded in 1990 as part of the DEKORP project, the German deep seismic reflection program. The focus of the DEKORP project was on deep crustal and lithospheric structures and therefore originally not on structures at shallower depths. From today's perspective, however, this depth range is of great interest for a wide range of possible technical applications (including medium-depth and deep geothermal projects). The original data is published by Stiller et al. (2021). The westernmost 91 km of the 208 km long profile 3B (West) were reprocessed on behalf of the Hessian Agency of Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology (HLNUG). As a particularity, also a set of 18 cross-lines, each ca. 12 km in length and perpendicular to the main lines, were surveyed along DEKORP 3B/MVE to get information about possible cross-dips. Four of those short cross-lines were reprocessed in 2D as well. The focus of the reprocessing of the old data was on improving the resolution / mapping of geological structures down to a depth of 6 km (approx. 3 s TWT) to describe the prolongation of faults and geological structures in more detail than in previous studies. In order to achieve these goals and in view of the fact that today's processing and evaluation methods have been improved considerably compared to the 1990‘s, a state-of-the-art reprocessing was implemented. In comparison with the original processing (Stiller et al. (2021)), more sophisticated processing steps like CRS (Common Reflection Surface) instead of CDP (Common Depth Point) stacking, turning-ray tomography and prestack time and depth migration were carried out. The reprocessing results of the DEKORP 3B (West) survey comprise all datasets newly achieved in addition to the datasets from the original processing (Stiller et al. (2021)), i.e. (1) the migrated CRS image gathers as unstacked data, and (2) the pure CRS stack, the poststack-time as well as prestack-time and prestack-depth migrated sections as stacked data. Moreover, (3) all velocity models used for the different versions including (4) the separate first-break tomography inversion, are contained. Additionally, the results of the 2D-reprocessing of cross-lines Q21-Q24 are included. All reprocessed data come in SEGY trace format, the final sections additionally in PDF graphic format. A reprocessing report is included as well as again all meta information for each domain (source, receiver, CDP) like coordinates, elevations, locations and static corrections combined in ASCII-tables for geometry assignment purposes. The DEKORP 3 survey was a combined seismic survey investigating the Variscan structures of the Rhenohercynian and the Saxothuringian. Consisting of three seismic lines it starts in the Rhenohercynian Hessian Depression (DEKORP 3A), crosses the Saxothuringian Mid-German Crystalline High (DEKORP 3B/MVE (West)) and runs parallel to the northern margin of the Moldanubian (DEKORP 3B/MVE (East)). The 207.65 km long DEKORP 3B (West) profile trends NW-SE and intersects DEKORP 3A in the Tertiary volcanic field within the "Northern Phyllite Zone". It crosses the Hessian Depression of the Rhenohercynian, runs through the Rhön Tertiary volcanic province and the Mesozoic Franconian Basin to the Bohemian Massif. The line ends at the Franconian Line. The reprocessed datasets contain a sub-section of the entire 3B (West) profile with a total length of 90.8 km of full CDP coverage, covering the territory of the state of Hesse, i. e. from the profile’s starting point in the NW to the SE until the Rhön volcanic complex. The reprocessed part of 3B (West) is intersected by four short cross-lines along the profile at km 8.75, 32.6, 64.75, 84.35 and by DEKORP 3A at km 42.3. The DEKORP '90-3B profile is of particular interest to investigate the seismic resolution of the Hessian depression, the east-hessian Buntsandstein nappe as well as the tertiary volcanic fields of the Kellerwald and Rhön.
The profile 9N was recorded in 1988 as part of the DEKORP project, the German deep seismic reflection program. The focus of the DEKORP project was on deep crustal and lithospheric structures and therefore originally not on structures at lower depths. From today's perspective, however, this depth range is of great interest for a wide range of possible technical applications (including medium-depth and deep geothermal projects). The original data is published by Stiller et al. (2019). The profile 9N was reprocessed on behalf of the Hessian Agency of Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology (HLNUG). The focus of the reprocessing was on improving the resolution / mapping of geological structures down to a depth of 6 km (approx. 3 s TWT) to describe the prolongation of faults and geological structures in more detail than in previous studies. In order to achieve these goals and in view of the fact that today's processing and evaluation methods have improved considerably compared to the 1990‘s, a state-of-the-art reprocessing was implemented. In comparison with the original processing (Stiller et al. (2019), more sophisticated processing steps like CRS (Common Reflection Surface) instead of CDP (Common Depth Point) stacking, turning-ray tomography and prestack time and depth migration were carried out. The reprocessed DEKORP-9N survey comprises all datasets newly achieved in addition to the datasets from the original processing (Stiller et al. (2019)), i.e. (1) as unstacked data the raw data, the CRS processed data and the migrated image gathers, and (2) as stacked data the pure CRS stack, the poststack-time as well as prestack-time and prestack-depth migrated sections. Moreover, (3) all velocity models used for the different versions including (4) the separate first-break tomography inversion as well as (5) several attribute analyses (RMS amplitude, instantaneous frequency and phase, Q-factor and others) are contained. All reprocessed data come in SEGY trace format, the final sections additionally in PDF graphic format. A reprocessing report is included as well as again all meta information for each domain (source, receiver, CDP) like coordinates, elevations, locations and static corrections combined in ASCII-tables for geometry assignment purposes. The DEKORP 9 survey was shot across the Tertiary Upper Rhine Graben, which intersects both the Saxothuringian and Moldanubian regions obliquely. Since the Eocene the Rhine Graben represents an active rift system. The 92 km long, E-W trending DEKORP'88-9N profile crosses the northern part of the Upper Rhine Graben. It starts in the crystalline Odenwald, crosses the Tertiary and Quarternary fill of the Rhine Graben and ends in the late Palaeozoic sequences of the Saar-Nahe Basin in the west. There it crosses the Permian rhyolitic Donnersberg intrusion. The DEKORP'88-9N profile is of particular interest to investigate the seismic resolution of the base of the cenozoic graben fill, the prolongation of faults in the sediments of the Northern Upper Rhine Graben, the transition to the crystalline Odenwald at the eastern border fault, the transition to the Saar-Nahe basin in the west and the transition from the crystalline Odenwald to the Buntsandstein Odenwald in the east of the profile. The additional attribute analyses were carried out to possibly detect previously unknown faults or fracture zones. The seismic sections of 9N show different crustal structures on both sides of the graben and some indications of dipping reflections in the mantle on the western side, which could refer to the genesis of the Upper Rhine Graben. An important new feature is the presence of a Permo-Triassic layer in the Upper Rhine Graben, which is significantly thicker than previously mapped (> 600 m) and thus the upper edge of the basement is situated over 600 m deeper than in the original data. The reprocessing of the DEKORP'88-9N profile was funded by the HLNUG in cooperation with the Agency for Geology and Mining of the state of Rhineland-Palatinate.
The profile 3A was recorded in 1990 as part of the DEKORP project, the German deep seismic reflection program. The focus of the DEKORP project was on deep crustal and lithospheric structures and therefore originally not on structures at shallower depths. From today's perspective, however, this depth range is of great interest for a wide range of possible technical applications (including medium-depth and deep geothermal projects). The original data is published by Stiller et al. (2021). On behalf of the Hessian Agency of Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology (HLNUG). From the 128 km long profile 3A the southernmost 104 km (plus additional 9 km northwards with decreasing CDP coverage to avoid boundary effects during migration) were reprocessed. As a particularity, also a set of 6 cross-lines, each ca. 9.6 km in length and perpendicular to the main line, were surveyed along DEKORP 3A to get information about possible cross-dips. Five of those short cross-lines (Q12-Q16) were reprocessed in 2D and 3D as well. The focus of reprocessing of the old data was on improving the resolution / mapping of geological structures down to a depth of 6 km (approx. 3 s TWT) to describe the prolongation of faults and geological structures in more detail than in previous studies. In order to achieve these goals and in view of the fact that today's processing and evaluation methods have been improved considerably compared to the 1990‘s, a state-of-the-art reprocessing was implemented. In comparison with the original processing (Stiller et al. (2021)), more sophisticated processing steps like CRS (Common Reflection Surface) instead of CDP (Common Depth Point) stacking, turning-ray tomography and prestack time and depth migration were carried out. The reprocessing results of the DEKORP 3A survey comprise all datasets newly achieved in addition to the datasets from the original processing (Stiller et al. (2021)), i.e. (1) the migrated CRS image gathers as unstacked data, and (2) the pure CRS stack, the poststack-time as well as prestack-time and prestack-depth migrated sections as stacked data. Moreover, (3) all velocity models used for the different versions including (4) the separate first-break tomography inversion, are contained. Additionally, the results of the 2D- and 3D-reprocessing of cross-lines Q12-Q16 are included. All reprocessed data come in SEGY trace format, the final sections additionally in PDF graphic format. A reprocessing report is included as well as again all meta information for each domain (source, receiver, CDP) like coordinates, elevations, locations and static corrections combined in ASCII-tables for geometry assignment purposes. Detailed information about acquisition and reprocessing parameters can be found in the accompanying Technical Report (Stiller & Agafonova, 2022). The DEKORP 3 survey was a combined seismic survey investigating the Variscan structures of the Rhenohercynian and the Saxothuringian. Consisting of three seismic lines it starts in the Rhenohercynian Hessian Depression (DEKORP 3A), crosses the Saxothuringian Mid-German Crystalline High (DEKORP 3B/MVE (West)) and runs parallel to the northern margin of the Moldanubian (DEKORP 3B/MVE (East)). The 128 km long DEKORP 3A profile runs N-S within the Hessian Depression from the Solling Dome in the Rhenohercynian to the Vogelsberg Volcano of the Saxothuringian Mid-German Crystalline High. The middle part of the profile crosses the "Northern Phyllite Zone". The reprocessed datasets contain a sub-section of the entire profile with a total length of 104.1 km of full CDP coverage, covering the territory of the state of Hesse. The reprocessed part of 3A is intersected by five short cross-lines along the profile at km 31.75, 53.55, 73.75, 89.85, 109.85 and by DEKORP 3B/MVE (West) at km 120.75 at its southern end. The DEKORP '90-3A profile is of particular interest to investigate the seismic resolution of the crust beneath the Permo-Mesozoic to Tertiary Hessian depression, the Kassel graben structure, as well as the tertiary volcanic fields of the Reinhardswald, Habichtswald, Knüll, Söhrewald and stopping just north of the large Cenozoic Vogelsberg complex.
The profile 2S was recorded in 1984 as part of the DEKORP project, the German deep seismic reflection program. The focus of the DEKORP project was on deep crustal and lithospheric structures and therefore originally not on structures at shallower depths. From today's perspective, however, this depth range is of great interest for a wide range of possible technical applications (including medium-depth and deep geothermal projects). The original data is published by Stiller et al. (2020). The northernmost 50 km of the 250 km long profile 2S were reprocessed on behalf of the Hessian Agency of Nature Conservation, Environment and Geology (HLNUG). The focus of the reprocessing was on improving the resolution / mapping of geological structures down to a depth of 6 km (approx. 3 s TWT) to describe the prolongation of faults and geological structures in more detail than in previous studies. In order to achieve these goals and in view of the fact that today's processing and evaluation methods have been improved considerably compared to the 1990‘s, a state-of-the-art reprocessing was implemented. In comparison with the original processing (Stiller et al. (2020)), more sophisticated processing steps like CRS (Common Reflection Surface) instead of CDP (Common Depth Point) stacking, turning-ray tomography and prestack time and depth migration were carried out. The reprocessing results of the DEKORP 2S survey comprise all datasets newly achieved in addition to the datasets from the original processing (Stiller et al. (2020)), i.e. (1) the migrated CRS image gathers as unstacked data, and (2) the pure CRS stack, the poststack-time as well as prestack-time and prestack-depth migrated sections as stacked data. Moreover, (3) all velocity models used for the different versions including (4) the separate first-break tomography inversion, are contained. All reprocessed data come in SEGY trace format, the final sections additionally in PDF graphic format. A reprocessing report is included as well as again all meta information for each domain (source, receiver, CDP) like coordinates, elevations, locations and static corrections combined in ASCII-tables for geometry assignment purposes. The DEKORP 2 survey, consisting of the three segments 86-2Q, 86-2N and 84-2S, starts in the sub-Variscan foredeep of the Münsterland Basin and ends in the Moldanubian region at the Danube. The central part crosses the Rhenish Massif (Rhenohercynian), the Spessart Mountains of the Mid-German Crystalline High (Saxothuringian) and the meteorite impact location of the "Nördlinger Ries". DEKORP '84-2S, was the first DEKORP line and the only one which mainly used explosives as the seismic source. The 250 km long, SE-NW striking profile extends from the Rhenohercynian Taunus Mountains to the Danube thereby crossing the Spessart Mountains, the Hessian Trough and the "Nördlinger Ries". The profile DEKORP 2S is the southern continuation of DEKORP 2N, which intersects at profile km 246.08. The reprocessed datasets contain a sub-section of the entire 2S profile with a total length of 50 km of full CDP fold, covering the profile’s northern part through the state of Hesse. The DEKORP '84-2S profile is of particular interest to investigate the seismic resolution of the Rhenohercynian Taunus Mountains including the Taunus ridge, as well as the Tertiary Hessian Trough, the Permian Wetterau nappe and a small part of the crystalline Spessart Mountains. The seismic sections of 2S show clearly visible, predominantly SE-dipping reflectors indicating flat-and-ramp tectonics and a differentiation into a highly reflective lower crust and a less reflective upper crust. Due to the use of explosive shots with relatively large spacing as the seismic source, less new information could be achieved for the uppermost crust compared to the original processing and to other DEKORP (vibroseis) surveys. A clear Moho reflection is visible throughout the whole profile section at a depth of ca. 26 to 28 km.
The ca. 62 km long KTB Line 3 was recorded in 1984 as part of the DEKORP, the German Continental Seismic Reflection Program, in the context of presite investigations for the KTB, the German Continental Deep Drilling Project. KTB 8403 is one of the four KTB seismic reflection lines, which were performed in the Black Forest, one of the candidates for the KTB drilling site. The purpose of the investigations was to reveal a strongly differentiated crust beneath the Black Forest with high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition. The main focus was on the crustal structure of the Black Forest massif with respect to the role and extent of Variscan thrust and extension tectonics and the geometry of deep crustal reflection patterns. Details of the experiment, first results and interpretations were published by Lüschen et al. (1987) and KTB-Research Group Black Forest (1987). Results discussed together with the KTB surveys in the Upper Palatinate were presented in a number of works which can be found in Emmermann & Wohlenberg (1989). The Technical Report of KTB 8403 gives complete information about acquisition and processing parameters. The European Variscides, extending from the French Central Massif to the East European Platform, originated during the collision between Gondwana and Baltica in the Late Palaeozoic. Due to involvement of various crustal blocks in the orogenesis, the mountain belt is subdivided into distinct zones. The external fold-and-thrust belts of the Rhenohercynian and Saxothuringian as well as the predominantly crystalline body of the Moldanubian dominate the central European segment of the Variscides. Polyphase tectonic deformation, magmatism and metamorphic processes led to a complex interlinking between the units. The Black Forest is the uplifted eastern shoulder of the Upper Rhine Graben within the internal Moldanubian zone, where rocks of the Variscan basement complex of Central Europe are exposed. The crystalline basement of the Black Forest consists of high-grade gneisses and migmatites intruded by Variscan granites. It was uplifted during the Tertiary rift movements of the Rhine Graben. The E-W running profile 8403 extends through the Black Forest crystalline basement and the adjacent Triberg Granite Massif onto the Swabian Jura Platform. Near Haslach the profile crosses KTB 8402 and KTB 8401 farther to the east. The intersection of these three lines generates a triangle of 3-4 km side length with a focus on the proposed drilling area. To the west the profile is connected with the DEKORP 9S, which runs across the Rhine Graben and the northern tip of Vosges massif into the Lorraine Basin. To the east KTB 8403 is linked to the Urach profile U1, running through the geothermal anomaly at Urach.
The ca. 163 km long KTB Line 1 was recorded in 1984 as part of the DEKORP, the German Continental Seismic Reflection Program, in the context of presite investigations for the KTB, the German Continental Deep Drilling Project. KTB 8401 is one of the four KTB seismic reflection lines, which were performed in the Black Forest, one of the candidates for the KTB drilling site. The purpose of the investigations was to reveal a strongly differentiated crust beneath the Black Forest with high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition. The main focus was on the crustal structure of the Black Forest massif with respect to the role and extent of Variscan thrust and extension tectonics and the geometry of deep crustal reflection patterns. Details of the experiment, first results and interpretations were published by Lüschen et al. (1987) and KTB-Research Group Black Forest (1987). Results discussed together with the KTB surveys in the Upper Palatinate were presented in a number of works which can be found in Emmermann & Wohlenberg (1989). The Technical Report of KTB 8401 gives complete information about acquisition and processing parameters. The European Variscides, extending from the French Central Massif to the East European Platform, originated during the collision between Gondwana and Baltica in the Late Palaeozoic. Due to involvement of various crustal blocks in the orogenesis, the mountain belt is subdivided into distinct zones. The external fold-and-thrust belts of the Rhenohercynian and Saxothuringian as well as the predominantly crystalline body of the Moldanubian dominate the central European segment of the Variscides. Polyphase tectonic deformation, magmatism and metamorphic processes led to a complex interlinking between the units. The Black Forest is the uplifted eastern shoulder of the Upper Rhine Graben within the internal Moldanubian zone, where rocks of the Variscan basement complex of Central Europe are exposed. The crystalline basement of the Black Forest consists of high-grade gneisses and migmatites intruded by Variscan granites. It was uplifted during the Tertiary rift movements of the Rhine Graben. The NS running profile 8401 follows the morphological axis of the Black Forest across the Central Black Forest Gneiss Complex and the adjacent Variscan thrust zones: the southward-dipping Saxothuringian-Moldanubian suture zone in the north and the NW-dipping Badenweiler-Lenzkirch crustal thrust zone in the south. In the west and the east the Central Gneiss Complex is bounded by the Tertiary Thinegraben and gently eastward-dipping Mesozoic sediments respectively. The central part of the Gneiss Complex is covered by two intersecting profiles generating a triangle of 3-4 km side length together with line 8401. Farther to the south KTB 8401 is crossed by line KTB 8514.
The ca. 43 km long KTB Line 2 was recorded in 1984 as part of the DEKORP, the German Continental Seismic Reflection Program, in the context of presite investigations for the KTB, the German Continental Deep Drilling Project. KTB 8402 is one of the four KTB seismic reflection lines, which were performed in the Black Forest, one of the candidates for the KTB drilling site. The purpose of the investigations was to reveal a strongly differentiated crust beneath the Black Forest with high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition. The main focus was on the crustal structure of the Black Forest massif with respect to the role and extent of Variscan thrust and extension tectonics and the geometry of deep crustal reflection patterns. Details of the experiment, first results and interpretations were published by Lüschen et al. (1987) and KTB-Research Group Black Forest (1987). Results discussed together with the KTB surveys in the Upper Palatinate were presented in a number of works which can be found in Emmermann & Wohlenberg (1989). The Technical Report of KTB 8402 gives complete information about acquisition and processing parameters. The European Variscides, extending from the French Central Massif to the East European Platform, originated during the collision between Gondwana and Baltica in the Late Palaeozoic. Due to involvement of various crustal blocks in the orogenesis, the mountain belt is subdivided into distinct zones. The external fold-and-thrust belts of the Rhenohercynian and Saxothuringian as well as the predominantly crystalline body of the Moldanubian dominate the central European segment of the Variscides. Polyphase tectonic deformation, magmatism and metamorphic processes led to a complex interlinking between the units. The Black Forest is the uplifted eastern shoulder of the Upper Rhine Graben within the internal Moldanubian zone, where rocks of the Variscan basement complex of Central Europe are exposed. The crystalline basement of the Black Forest consists of high-grade gneisses and migmatites intruded by Variscan granites. It was uplifted during the Tertiary rift movements of the Rhine Graben. The NW-SE running profile 8402 traverses the crystalline basement almost perpendicularly to the Variscan strike. From the northwest to the southeast the line runs across the Central Gneiss Complex and the adjacent Triberg Granite Massif. Near Haslach the profile 8402 crosses KTB 8403 and KTB 8401 farther to the southeast. The intersection of these three lines generates a triangle of 3-4 km side length with a focus on the proposed drilling area.
The profile 2N was recorded in 1986 as part of the DEKORP project, the German deep seismic reflection program. The seismic survey of the ca. 220 km long line 2N was conducted to investigate the deep crustal structure of the eastern Rhenish Massif and the Muensterland Basin with high-fold near-vertical incidence vibroseis acquisition. The objectives of the survey were to image the Variscan structures in detail with respect to their specific transitions, to obtain evidence about vertical tectonic processes during the Variscan orogenesis, to understand the causes of observed gravity and magnetic anomalies and to recognize and define the Variscan front to the north. In addition, the line contributed to the International Lithosphere Program (ILP) and the former European Geotraverse (EGT). The first outcomes of the survey were presented by Reichert (1988). A detailed description of seismic results is provided by Franke et al. (1990) as well as by DEKORP Research Group (1990) and supplemented by many other researches. The Technical Report of line 2N gives complete information about acquisition and processing parameters. The European Variscides, extending from the French Central Massif to the East European Platform, originated during the collision between Gondwana and Baltica in the Late Palaeozoic. Due to involvement of various crustal blocks in the orogenesis, the mountain belt is subdivided into distinct zones. The external fold-and-thrust belts of the Rhenohercynian and Saxothuringian as well as the predominantly crystalline body of the Moldanubian dominate the central European segment of the Variscides. Polyphase tectonic deformation, magmatism and metamorphic processes led to a complex interlinking between the units. The nearly S-N striking DEKORP 2N line reveals an almost complete cross-section through the Rhenohercynian Zone. The profile runs from the Taunus Mountains, i.e. the southeastern rim of the Rhenish Massif over the Lahn-Dill Trough, through the Ebbe Mountains to the borehole Muensterland 1 in the Muensterland Basin, which belongs to the sub-Variscan Foredeep. The profile is the northern prolongation of DEKORP 2S. Line DEKORP 2Q crosses line 2N perpendicularly in its northern part extending northeastwards to the borehole Versmold 1.
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