Waterbase serves as the EEA’s central database for managing and disseminating data regarding the status and quality of Europe's rivers, lakes, groundwater bodies, transitional, coastal, and marine waters. It also includes information on the quantity of Europe’s water resources and the emissions from point and diffuse sources of pollution into surface waters. Specifically, Waterbase - Biology focuses on biology data from rivers, lakes, transitional and coastal waters collected annually through the Water Information System for Europe (WISE) – State of Environment (SoE) reporting framework. The data are expected to be collected within monitoring programs defined under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and used in the classification of the ecological status or potential of rivers, lakes, transitional and coastal water bodies. These datasets provide harmonised, quality-assured biological monitoring data reported by EEA member and cooperating countries, as Ecological Quality Ratios (EQRs) from all surface water categories (rivers, lakes, transitional and coastal waters).
During the research cruises BE03/2016 (08.03.2016), BE10/2016 (19.10.2016), BE10/2018 (23.10.2018), BE03/2019 (15.03.2019), L23-13 (13.09.2023 - 15.09.2023), Sagitta24-1 (16.09.2024), Sagitta24-2 (23.09.2024), Hai24VE2 (24.09.2024), L25-2b (09.02.2025 - 17.02.2025) and EMB374 (04.09.2025 - 13.09.2025), CTDs were deployed and sediment corers were retrieved at 99 stations in Kiel Bight in the southwestern Baltic Sea. Water column oxygen concentrations were determined using oxygen sensors attached to the CTD framework. At selected water depths, water samples were collected with Niskin bottles for the analysis of nitrate concentrations using an autoanalyzer. Short sediment cores (<50cm) were recovered using a Multicorer (MUC), Minicorer (MIC) or Rumohrlot (RL). Bottom waters were sampled from the supernatant water in the sediment cores. Solid phase sediment samples were analyzed for total organic carbon using an element analyzer. Porewater was extracted from the sediment cores using rhizones and analyzed for total alkalinity (titration), ammonium (photometer), sulfate (ion chromatography), hydrogen sulfide (photometer), dissolved iron (ICP-OES) and dissolved manganese (ICP-OES). The collected data will be used to (i) determine the spatial and temporal variability of hydrogen sulfide in bottom waters of the Kiel Bight, (ii) identify the controlling factors governing the accumulation of hydrogen sulfide at the seafloor, and (iii) establish an early warning system of sulfidic seafloor conditions for regional stakeholders in the Baltic Sea.
<p>The database of the PONDSCAPE project (Towards a sustainable management of pond diversity at the landscape level) comprises taxon occurrence data of eight different organism groups (bacteria, phytoplankton, diatoms, cladoceran, macro-invertebrates (mollusks, heteropterans and coleopterans), macrophytes, amphibians and fish) and data on physical, chemical and morphometric variables of 125 farmland ponds covering five biogeographic regions in Belgium/Luxembourg</p>
Im Projekt "Ein kostengünstiges mechanisch gesteuertes polarimetrisches Phased-Array Doppler Wetterradar, Phase 2" entwickelt das Fraunhofer FHR in Kooperation mit dem Institut für Geowissenschaften, Abteilung Meteorologie der Uni Bonn einen Prototyp eines Phased-Array-Radars (PAR) auf Basis einer AESA-Antennenapertur (Active Electronically Scanned Array), mit dem Ziel innerhalb einer Minute eine volumetrische Wetterkarte zu erstellen. Ein PAR-Wetterradar ist optimal geeignet, um die zeitliche Auflösung durch elektronische Strahlschwenkung zu verbessern. Aus Kostengründen konnte sich diese Technologie bisher aber nicht gegenüber Reflektorsystemen durchsetzen. In Phase I wird eine neuartige Antennenlösung zur Entkopplung von Strahlschwenkung und Fokussierung untersucht, um so Komplexität und Kosten zu minimieren. Anstatt wie üblich die Apertur sowohl für die Strahlschwenkung als auch für die Fokussierung zu verwenden, fokussiert ein Parabolzylinder im Azimut, während ein kompakter PAR in seiner Brennlinie die elektronische Schwenkung sowie die Fokussierung in der Höhe ermöglicht. Zur Erzeugung polarimetrischer Momente hoher Qualität wurde eine spezielle aktive Antennenansteuerung entwickelt, um eine Unterdrückung der Kreuzpolarisation von über 40 dB in Broadside und über 30 dB bei einer Strahlneigung von 45° zu erreichen.In Phase II wird die Implementierung der Strahlschwenkung zur Fertigstellung und operationalen Bewertung des Prototyps angestrebt. Im Wesentlichen sollen Strahlbeschleunigungstechniken zur schnellen Erzeugung volumetrischer Wetterkarten untersucht werden, da die einfache Verkürzung der Verweilzeit (Dwell Time) zu größeren statistischen Unsicherheiten bei den polarimetrischen Momenten führen würde. Mit Beam Multiplexing (BMX, sequentielle Übertragung von Impulspaaren entlang verschiedener Richtungen) sollen die Dekorrelation von Stichproben erhöht und schnellere Scans bei gleichbleibender Datenqualität erzielt werden. Darüber hinaus soll mit einem herkömmlichen Step-Scan-Verfahren das BMX für die unteren Elevationen in Abhängigkeit von der spezifischen Wetterereignisstatistik adaptiv ergänzt werden. Die sorgfältige Realisierung eines solchen adaptiven Scannens wird als wesentlicher Schritt angesehen, um das Scan-Beschleunigungspotential von PARs voll auszuschöpfen und ein automatisiertes priorisiertes Tracking potenziell gefährlicher Wetterereignisse zu erreichen.Die Universität Bonn wird die Messungen der überlappenden X-Band-Forschungsradare für eine eingehende Bewertung des neuen PAR und seiner polarimetrischen Fähigkeiten nutzen. Darüber hinaus ermöglicht die neue Technologie die Überwachung der vorkonvektiven Umgebung mit einer höheren zeitlichen Auflösung, was wiederum die Fähigkeit verbessert, Wasserdampffelder aus vom Radar erfassten Änderungen des Brechungsindex abzuleiten. Wir werden die neuen Fähigkeiten bewerten und somit zum fünften Ziel des SPP beitragen, d.h. zur radarbasierten Erfassung der Konvektionsinitiierung.
SWIM Water Extent is a global surface water product at 10 m pixel spacing based on Sentinel-1/2 data. The collection contains binary layers indicating open surface water for each Sentinel-1/2 scene. Clouds and cloud shadows are removed using ukis-csmask (see: https://github.com/dlr-eoc/ukis-csmask ) and are represented as NoData. The water extent extraction is based on convolutional neural networks (CNN). For further information, please see the following publications: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.05.022 and https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11192330
The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) contains modern pollen data (raw counts) for the entire Eurasian continent. Derived from the European Modern Pollen Database, the dataset contains many more samples West of the Ural Mountains. We propose this dataset in three different format: 1/ an Excel spreadsheet, 2/ a PostgreSQL dump and 3/ a SQLite3 portable database format. All three datasets are strictly equivalent. For download see "Original Version".
Objective: Aim is to modify two small hydropower plants to variable speed operation in order to increase annual energy output by improved part load efficiency and design flow. A 100 kW vertical axis Francis turbine (Kaltenburg, DE) and a new 18 kW waterwheel (Bettborn, LU) will be modified to variable speed operation by use of a AC-AC converter. There will be installed a movable free-overfall weir at the waterwheel. By an expected increase of the electricity production in the range of 10 to 20 per cent , the aim is to proof viability of improving existing low head hydro sites with this technology. Especially low head sites have high variation of head and flow. Variable speed technology allows the system to operate at maximum efficiency for a wide range of hydraulic conditions. Modern power electronics replaces complex mechanical control systems with a high need for maintenance. In wind energy, variable speed technology has already proven its advantages compared to other mechanical technologies. General Information: Unlike earlier approaches with a combination of double regulated turbines and variable speed in a new installation, in this project the combination of a Francis turbine (respectively a water wheel) in existing plants together with a frequency converter will be used to increase part load efficiency and design flow of the system. Only the new IGBT controlled converters which are now used in wind energy as well as in motive power industry appliances can guarantee a reliable variable speed operation of a normal asynchronous generator. The combination of the movable weir and variable speed operation of the water wheel will allow to optimise the power output of the plant under all conditions. The use of an IGBT converter makes it possible to compensate reactive power to improve the mains performance. Due to detailed theoretical analysis and according to the positive experience with variable speed operation in wind energy and motive power technology, the expected increase of the annual power output of the two plants is in the range of 10 to 20 per cent of the actual value. This will reduce the specific cost of the electricity by the same range. For the actual payback tariffs of many European countries, this will increase the number of feasible low head sites. The top water level control by variation of turbine speed (and so flow) will be demonstrated to show a simple, reliable and energy saving alternative to the old hydraulic systems, which are still installed in many sites. The success of the variable speed system in this plants will open a big European SME market for cheap technological improvement of small hydropower plants and low head sites. The monitored performance of the plants data will be stored in a data logger with a modem, to allow automatic down-loading from a server-PC via modem. ... Prime Contractor: Universität Kassel, Fachbereich Elektrotechnik/Informatik, Institut für Elektrische Energietechnik - IEE; Kassel; Germany.
As part of the CDRmare joint project GEOSTOR (https://geostor.cdrmare.de/), the BGR created detailed static geological 3D models for two potential CO2 storage structures in the Middle Buntsandstein in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the German North Sea and supplemented them with petrophysical parameters (e.g. porosities, permeabilities). The 3D geological model (Pilot area B; ~560 km2) is located in the north-western part of the German North Sea sector, the so-called “Entenschnabel”, an approximately 150 kilometer long and 30 kilometer wide area between the offshore sectors of the Netherlands, Denmark and Great Britain (pilot region B). The model in the Ducks Beak is based on several high-resolution 3D seismic data and geophysical/geological information from four exploration wells. It includes 20 generalized faults and the following 16 horizon surfaces: 1) Sea Floor, 2) Mid Miocene Unconformity, 3) Base Tertiary, 4) Base Upper Cretaceous, 5) Base Lower Cretaceous, 6) Base Upper Jurassic, 7) Base Lower Jurassic, 8) Base Muschelkalk, 9) Base Röt, 10) Base Solling Formation, 11) Base Detfurth Formation, 12) Base Volpriehausen Wechselfolge, 13) Base Volpriehausen Formation, 14) Base Triassic, 15) Base Zechstein, 16) Top Basement. The reservoir formed by sandstones of the Middle Buntsandstein is located within the Mads Graben, which is bounded to the west by the extensive Mads Fault (normal fault). Marine mudstones of the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous serve as the main seal formations. Petrophysical analyses of all considered well data were conducted and reservoir properties (including porosity and permeability) were calculated to determine the static reservoir capacity for these potential CO2 storage structures. The model parameterized and can be used for further dynamic simulations of storage capacity, geo-risk, and infrastructure analyses, in order to develop a comprehensive feasibility study for potential CO2 storage within the project framework. The 3D models were created by the BGR between 2021 and 2024. SKUA-GOCAD was used as the modeling software. We would like to thank AspenTech for providing licenses for their SSE software package as part of the Academic Program (https://www.aspentech.com/en/academic-program).
Aerosol optical depth (AOD) as derived from TROPOMI observations. AOD describes the attenuation of the transmitted radiant power by the absence of aerosols. Attenuation can be caused by absorption and/or scattering. AOD is the primary parameter to evaluate the impact of aerosols on weather and climate. Daily AOD observations are binned onto a regular latitude-longitude grid. The TROPOMI instrument onboard the Copernicus SENTINEL-5 Precursor satellite is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer that provides global measurements of atmospheric properties and constituents on a daily basis. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and climate, providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the top of atmosphere solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. The operational trace gas products generated at DLR on behave ESA are: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4), together with clouds and aerosol properties. This product is created in the scope of the project INPULS. It develops (a) innovative retrieval algorithms and processors for the generation of value-added products from the atmospheric Copernicus missions Sentinel-5 Precursor, Sentinel-4, and Sentinel-5, (b) cloud-based (re)processing systems, (c) improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users, and (d) data visualization services.
Sustainable food production depends on the recovery of water, energy, and nutrients from waste streams within existing supply chains. Greenhouse hydroponic systems (HYP) and recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are two intensive food production systems that in combined production as an aquaponics system (AP) can utilize fish wastes as fertilizers, while recycling water and energy to increase both systems' sustainability and efficiency. However, despite significant environmental benefits, such systems current infrastructure costs limit widespread application. Implementing relevant technology for such resource-efficient systems requires designs that can optimize performance. AquapnicsOpti contributes to innovative, decarbonized, and resource-efficient food production systems by improving nutrient reuse, increasing energy efficiency and reducing fossil fuel dependence, reducing freshwater needs, and developing scalable models for improving microbial relationships for fish and plant health. In direct collaboration with stakeholders, we will analyze design aspects, business models and consumer preferences, while also carefully examining barriers and economic challenges of AP facilities in different countries. The consortium will take a holistic approach in the context of agroecology to evaluate AP operations in diverse geo-climatic zones and document how adaptations of their technologies and practices can better support local and regional food production. Relevant technology for such resource-efficient systems requires designs that explore and quantify multifactor interactions of biological components to maintain or enhance productivity beyond the capabilities of current AP systems. Scientific testing of microbial digester designs aims to maximise decomposition of fish wastes and provide plant crops with essential nutrients in bioavailable forms. Development and integration of smart biosensors to automatically collect water quality data and automate systems will facilitate operational monitoring and controls that are currently labour-intensive and not always timely. Design innovations will consider existing fish-plant AP pairs but evaluate and test the potential of other culturally acceptable species that would have production and marketing appeal. Simulations of operational conditions will be used to compare and contrast situational variables for AP stakeholder operators to consider, and for design engineers to optimise before modifications are implemented. Integral to this research, we will analyze a broad range of quantitative and qualitative data about stakeholder attitudes, regulatory policies and socio-economic conditions within the diverse geo-climatic zones represented among our project partners. Six research work packages (WP) emphasise integration across disciplinary lines, and the seventh WP ensures that sustained communications among them results in interdisciplinary deliverables and dissemination.
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