Waterbase serves as the EEA’s central database for managing and disseminating data regarding the status and quality of Europe's rivers, lakes, groundwater bodies, transitional, coastal, and marine waters. It also includes information on the quantity of Europe’s water resources and the emissions from point and diffuse sources of pollution into surface waters. Specifically, Waterbase - Biology focuses on biology data from rivers, lakes, transitional and coastal waters collected annually through the Water Information System for Europe (WISE) – State of Environment (SoE) reporting framework. The data are expected to be collected within monitoring programs defined under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and used in the classification of the ecological status or potential of rivers, lakes, transitional and coastal water bodies. These datasets provide harmonised, quality-assured biological monitoring data reported by EEA member and cooperating countries, as Ecological Quality Ratios (EQRs) from all surface water categories (rivers, lakes, transitional and coastal waters).
The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) instrument continues the long-term monitoring of atmospheric trace gas constituents started with GOME / ERS-2 and SCIAMACHY / Envisat. Currently, there are three GOME-2 instruments operating on board EUMETSAT's Meteorological Operational satellites MetOp-A, -B, and -C, launched in October 2006, September 2012, and November 2018, respectively. GOME-2 can measure a range of atmospheric trace constituents, with the emphasis on global ozone distributions. Furthermore, cloud properties and intensities of ultraviolet radiation are retrieved. These data are crucial for monitoring the atmospheric composition and the detection of pollutants. DLR generates operational GOME-2 / MetOp level 2 products in the framework of EUMETSAT's Satellite Application Facility on Atmospheric Chemistry Monitoring (AC-SAF). GOME-2 near-real-time products are available already two hours after sensing. The operational HCHO total column products are generated using the algorithm GDP (GOME Data Processor) version 4.x integrated into the UPAS (Universal Processor for UV / VIS Atmospheric Spectrometers) processor for generating level 2 trace gas and cloud products. For more details please refer to relevant peer-review papers listed on the GOME and GOME-2 documentation pages: https://atmos.eoc.dlr.de/app/docs/
The digital terrain model of waterways for the estuary of river Elbe (DGM-W 2022) in high resolution based on airborne laser scanning and echo sounder data is produced and published by the German Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration (Wasserstraßen- und Schifffahrtsverwaltung des Bundes, WSV). The data includes the Outer Elbe and the tidally influenced tributaries and branches of the Elbe estuary upstream to the town Geesthacht. The data is available in a raster resolution of 1 meter. Coordinate reference system: EPSG 25852, ETRS89 / UTM Zone 32N Elevation reference system: DHHN2016, NHN Survey methods: Airborne laser scanning (ALS) 02.04.2022 - 19.04.2022 Multibeam echo sounder, single beam echo sounder 09.02.2017 - 09.04.2023 It is strongly recommended to use the data source map for quality assessment.
Die Mission CIRRUS-HL – Zirren in hohen Breiten nutzt das Forschungsflugzeug HALO gemeinsam mit Modellen und Satelliten, um die Nukleation, den Lebenszyklus und die Klimawirkung von Eiswolken in hohen Breiten, einer Region mit massiven anthropogenen Klimaänderungen, genauer zu bestimmen. InhaltSchnellste und massivste anthropogen verursachte Änderungen der Erdoberflächentemperatur finden in hohen Breiten statt. Hier führen Eiswolken im Winter zu einem großen positiven Strahlungsantrieb. Direkte Messungen der mikrophysikalischen Eigenschaften von Eiswolken und ihrer Variabilität sind jedoch unvollständig und Eisanzahlkonzentrationen werden in Klimamodellen nicht adäquat repräsentiert, dies schränkt die Aussagekraft von Klimamodellen in hohen Breiten deutlich ein. Die Messkampagne CIRRUS-HL, in den letzten 6 Jahren die einzige HALO Messkampagne mit in situ Wolken-Instrumentierung nutzt neuere Wolkensonden gemeinsam mit umfangreichen Spurengas-, Aerosol- und Strahlungs-Messungen um die Nukleation, den Lebenszyklus und die Klimawirkung von Eiswolken in hohen Breiten genauer zu bestimmen. Die Flugzeugmessungen werden begleitet von Messaktivitäten von Bodenstationen und Satelliten, und liefern Daten für Prozessmodelle und die Evaluierung von globalen Klimamodellen. Die CIRRUS-HL Mission ist eingebunden in einen internationalen Verbund an Messaktivitäten in der Arktis und besitzt als Alleinstellungsmerkmal einen Fokus auf Eiswolken. Von Oktober bis Dezember 2020 werden in Nordeuropa und Kanada 20 Flüge mit dem Forschungsflugzeug HALO, stationiert in Oberpfaffenhofen und Keflavik, Island, durchgeführt, um die Eigenschaften von Eiswolken genau zu vermessen, die sich in verschiedenen dynamischen Regimes wie zum Beispiel Frontensystemen oder orographisch induzierten Hebungen von Luftmassen gebildet haben. Eigenschaften von Zirren, die sich entweder unterhalb von 238 K in situ homogen oder heterogen gebildet haben, oder die ihren Ursprung in einer flüssigen oder Mischphasen-Wolke bei Temperaturen oberhalb von 238 K haben werden differenziert. Die CIRRUS-HL Mission liefert 1.) einen neuen Datensatz der mikrophysikalischen Eigenschaften von Eiswolken in hohen Breiten zur Verbesserung des Prozessverständnisses der Eisnukleation und zum Vergleich mit Satellitenbeobachtungen und Klimamodellen, 2.) neue Einblicke in den Transport von Aerosolen in hohe Breiten und ihre Prozessierung in Mischphasen- und Eiswolken und 3.) umfassende Beobachtungen von Strahlungseigenschaften von Eiswolken in hohen Breiten im Frühwinter. Der umfangreiche Datensatz zu Eiswolken dient dazu, das Verständnis der Rolle von arktischen Zirren im Klimasystem zu erhöhen.
In the environmental risk assessment of plant protection products, the risk of spray drift losses to the off-field can be reduced by adding drift reduction measures. The question is how the combination of several measures affects the overall risk and, in particular, the associated uncertainty. Various statistical methods have been used to quantify both the overall risk and its uncertainty, in particular the increase in power and the width of a 95% confidence interval where the additional measures are modelled as qualitative factors. It can be concluded that for most of the scenarios considered, power is reduced or only marginally increased. I.e., adding further measures tends to increase uncertainty. This is mainly due to the fact that the power of the 'distance' factor is already very high and it is naturally difficult to increase it further. This relationship is even stronger for the confidence interval model, where it actually increases as additional factors are included in the experimental design with increasing sample size. These trends have also been confirmed empirically using selected experimental data from the SETAC DRAW database, albeit only selectively. Veröffentlicht in Texte | 144/2025.
Objective weather types of Deutscher Wetterdienst derived from different Reanalysis and Global Climate Model simulations for the control run (1951-2000) and the projection period (2000-2100). On the one hand, the dataset is useful for evaluation of representative circulation statistics in Central Europe, on the other hand, for the analysis of future weather types due to climate change. Added temperature and precipitation data allow to study the weather type effectiveness for these important climate parameters.
Climate change-driven deglaciation and erosion in high-latitude regions enhance the flux of terrigenous material to the coastal ocean. Newly exposed land surfaces left behind by retreating glaciers are covered by glacial till, which is rich in fine-grained minerals. Many of these minerals are undersaturated in seawater and thus prone to dissolution (i.e., seafloor weathering). Consequently, intensified erosion and mineral weathering may act as an additional CO₂ sink while supplying alkalinity to coastal waters. To evaluate this hypothesis, we carried out a sediment geochemical study in the southwestern Baltic Sea, where coastal erosion of glacial till is the dominant source of terrigenous material to offshore depocenters. We analyzed glacial till from coastal cliffs, sediments, and pore waters for major element composition using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and an elemental analyzer. Water samples were further analyzed for dissolved redox species and dissolved silica by photometry and ion chromatography. These data were then used to quantify mineral dissolution and precipitation processes and to assess their net effect on inorganic carbon cycling.
The REACH Regulation (EC 1907/2006) ensures chemical safety by requiring rigorous risk assessments before market entry. Safety data sheets (SDS) are vital for communicating safe usage guidelines, yet deficiencies are common, with up to 52% of SDSs found to be inadequate. This project aimed to identify gaps in SDS data by surveying actors across the supply chain with a specific focus on effect related to the environment. The key question driving the project was how far information on emission reduction measures is transferred by the registrants into their SDS and what is communicated along the supply chain. Using octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) as a case study, a substance with persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic properties, the study assessed communication effectiveness. Despite a limited response rate, challenges in communication were identified, highlighting the need for improved coordination and transparency. Recommendations targeting both industry and regulatory agencies seek to enhance supply chain communication and address data gaps more effectively. Veröffentlicht in Texte | 131/2025.
Aerosols are an indicator for episodic aerosol plumes from dust outbreaks, volcanic ash, and biomass burning. Daily observations are binned onto a regular latitude-longitude grid. The Aerosol layer height is provided in kilometres. The TROPOMI instrument onboard the Copernicus SENTINEL-5 Precursor satellite is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer that provides global measurements of atmospheric properties and constituents on a daily basis. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and climate, providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the top of atmosphere solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. The operational trace gas products generated at DLR on behave ESA are: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4), together with clouds and aerosol properties. This product is created in the scope of the project INPULS. It develops (a) innovative retrieval algorithms and processors for the generation of value-added products from the atmospheric Copernicus missions Sentinel-5 Precursor, Sentinel-4, and Sentinel-5, (b) cloud-based (re)processing systems, (c) improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users, and (d) data visualization services.
This dataset comprises key carbonate chemistry parameters measured and calculated in incubation experiments under different experimental conditions. pH, water temperature, and salinity were measured with a WTW multimeter (MultiLine® Multi 3630 IDS). Total alkalinity was determined by open-cell titration with an 888 Titrando (Metrohm). Saturation state of calcite and aragonite were calculated using phreeqpython, a Python wrapper of the PhreeqC engine (Vitens 2021) with pH, water temperature, total alkalinity, and major ions as major input, and phreeqc.dat as database for the thermodynamic data (Parkhurst and Appelo 2013). As the original Elbe water was supersaturated with carbon dioxide (CO2) with respect to the atmosphere, its partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) level decreased during the incubation period with open flasks, which caused an adjustment of calcite saturation state (ΩC) for ambient air conditions. To adapt for the impact of pCO2 variations during the experiment, saturation state of calcite and aragonite was calculated assuming an equilibrium with an atmospheric pCO2 of 415 ppm (normalized ΩC and normalized aragonite sautration state ΩA). Since ion concentrations were measured for only a small number of samples, the ion concentrations of the remaining samples were reconstructed using stoichiometry based on the initial solution composition and total alkalinity. The concentrations of conservative ions (Na+, K+, Cl-, SO42-) were assumed remain constant, while ions related to carbonate precipitation (Ca2+, Mg2+) were calculated based on changes in measured alkalinity (see Figure 5 of the associated paper). Detailed analysis and calculation procedures are described in the Method section of the associated paper.
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