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For the safe and sustainable use of deep geothermal wells, construction must proceed as intended. An integer well ensures that all fluids within the borehole are always under control. One of the most critical steps is the cementing of the casings. Despite extensive experience in the petroleum industry, challenges with well integrity are a worldwide phenomenon. One reason could be that conventional measurement methods can only verify the success of cementing once the cement job has been completed. In contrast, distributed fiber optic sensing methods can monitor the entire cementing process along the entire drilling path. This data set contains the results of the Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) and the derived product "vibrational energy" of a Distributed Dynamic Strain Sensing (DDSS or DAS) of the whole cementing process. We collected this data during the primary cementing of an injection well's 874m surface casing at the geothermal site Schäftlarnstr, Munich. We measured the cement placement and 24 hours of the early hydration. We obtained the data with a fiber optic cable permanently deployed behind the casing. The cable contained Multi-Mode fibers (for DTS) and Single-Mode fibers (for DAS). Table 1 in the data description document shows the units used and the key parameters of our measurement. In the first step, we allocated each channel to its depth in the borehole. We used a cold spray (for DTS) and a tap test (for DAS) to locate the entry to the borehole. To obtain the vibrational energy of the DAS data, we summarized the raw dynamic strain with a Root Mean Square (RMS) in a window of 60 seconds. We calculated the vibrational energy for a wide range of different frequency ranges (Butterworth bandpass). The data are provided in csv formats and further explained in the data description document. Acknowledgement: GFK-Monitor is funded by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action via the Project Management Jülich (PTJ) (funding code: 03EE4036, project duration: July 1, 2022 - June 30, 2025). The fiber optic infrastructure was provided by GAB (Geothermie Allianz Bayern): Funded by: Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst (Hauptgebäude: Salvatorstraße 2, 80333 München).
The GFZ-Landsvirkjun Theistareykir Fibre array is located in the Theytareykir geothermal area, in North Iceland. It is collocated with arrays of broadband seismometers and gravity meters (see e.g., https://doi.org/10.1186/s40517-021-00208-w). The geometry of the fibre array is following the telecom network in the area, and was chosen to test the seismological capabilities of telecom cables in this geothermal environment. We connected an iDAS V2 interrogator from Silixa. The interrogator location is lat=65.898041, lon=-16.966274. The array starts N-S and after 1.5 km, turns towards the East, up to a local transmission antenna station for mobile phones. The length of the path is ~5 km. The length of the cable is actually more than 15 km, as other fibre instance is connected at the transmission antenna station.. Jumps were performed along the cable to geo-locate the channels. The exact location of the fibre can unfortunately not be disclosed. Original recordings at 1000 Hz were downsampled to 200 Hz using a software from INGV-OE (michele.prestifilippo@ingv.it) and are provided in an h5 format. We provide here the first fibre instance (5 km long). The data contain 1 h long recording intervals framing M>5 teleseismic earthquakes recorded in the frame of the global DAS month, an initiative to collaboratively record and share simultaneously recorded DAS data from all over the world (https://www.norsar.no/in-focus/global-das-monitoring-month-february-2023). DAS is an emerging technology increasingly used by seismologists to convert kilometer long optical fibers into seismic sensors.
The here referenced dataset provides eventbased Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) recordings made with an approximately 22 km long dark telecommunication fiber lying in urban Potsdam and surroundings. For each of 164 M>=5 earthquakes occurring in February 2023 and listed by the USGS, one hour of data is provided starting with the event's origin time. Additionally, the whole day of February 14 is provided in hourly files. The data was recorded in the frame of the global DAS month, an initiative to collaboratively record and share simultaneously recorded DAS data from all over the world (https://www.norsar.no/in-focus/global-das-monitoring-month-february-2023). DAS is an emerging technology increasingly used by seismologists to convert kilometer long optical fibers into seismic sensors.
An extensive vertical seismic profiling (VSP) survey using wireline distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology was carried out between the 15th and 18th of February 2017 at the geothermal in-situ laboratory Groß Schönebeck, Germany. Borehole measurements were recorded in two 4.3 km deep wells E GrSk 3/90 and Gt GrSk 4/05. Two hybrid fibre optics cables were freely lowered inside the wells to form dense receiver arrays. As a seismic source, four heavy vibroseis trucks were used. The survey consisted of 61 source positions distributed in a spiral pattern around the target area. This data publication consists of raw uncorrelated seismic data acquired for 3D seismic imaging purposes. Supplementary information such as well trajectories, source point coordinates, and the pilot sweep data is also provided. Data related to zero-offset measurements can be found in Henninges et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.8.2021.001). Further details on the survey design and data acquisition parameters can be found in Henninges et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/se-12-521-2021); Martuganova et al. (2021, 2022). Information on high-resolution 3D reflection seismic acquisition campaign carried out at Groß Schönebeck in February–March 2017 can be found in Krawczyk et al. (2019); Bauer et al. (2020); Norden et al. (2022). The 3D DAS VSP processing workflow, 3D DAS imaging results, and comparison with 3D surface seismics are presented in Martuganova et al. (2022).
This data publication contains vertical seismic profiling (VSP) data collected at the Groß Schönebeck site, Germany, from February 15-18, 2017. Energy excitation was performed with vibroseis sources. Data was acquired in the two 4.3 km deep wells E GrSk 3/90 and Gt GrSk4/05 using hybrid wireline fiber-optic sensor cables and distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology. The survey design and data acquisition, the overall characteristics of the acquired data, as well as the data processing and evaluation for a zero-offset source position are described in the paper of Henninges et al. (2021) published in Solid Earth. The data for several source positions presented in this paper is contained here, mostly in the form of full waveform data stored in seg-y format. A detailed description of the individual data sets is given in the attached data description document.
Convert and downsample distribute acoustic sensing (DAS) data acquired by Silixa iDAS or ASN OptoDAS to seismological data formats. Main purpose is to quickly convert and downsample massive amounts of high-resolution DAS data to MiniSEED and other seismological data formats. To handle the massive amount of data generated by DAS interrogators, the conversion tool is leveraging parallel I/O and multi-threaded signal-processing. A high throughput can be archived while converting and downsampling data in parallel threads. The tool can interact with tape storage systems and messaging bots to monitor the conversion process. The signal processing routines are based on Pyrocko, a mature and well tested seismological framework.
The data set contains conventional- as well as distributed fiber-optic logging data recorded during the drilling of Well RN-34, located in the Reykjanes geothermal filed, Iceland. Published as well is part of the source code used to produce the data based figures in the SPE Journal paper Raab et al., 2019. For detailed information regarding the measurement geometry, timing of the measurements, and applied processing steps the reader is referred to corresponding publication. The accompanying data description file is explaining the file structure and contents in detail.Licence statement:This data set and part of the source code is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), excluding the conventional logging data owned by HS Orka.The conventional logging data is contained in the \data\logs directory. As mandated by HS Orka, all data files contained in this directory are released under the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).Part of the source code, i.e the old and new segy header structure (Line 1166 to 1314 in the WellFunc.py module), is adopted from the Obspy source code. The Obspy source code is released under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) v3.0. This code section remains under the LGPL v3.0 Licence. A copy of the LGP Licence is included as a separate text file.
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