Das Indikatorsystem GLI:X (Green Logistics Indicators), das ökologische, ökonomische und soziale Kriterien enthält, soll in diesem Forschungsvorhaben anhand von Städten und Regionen Südafrikas sowie der nationalen südafrikanischen Güterverkehrskorridore angewendet und weiterentwickelt werden. Dazu ist notwendig, weite Teile des Prozesses zur Indikatorenbildung neu aufzugreifen und für die jeweilige Städte, Regionen und Korridore anzupassen. Gleiches gilt für den zweiten Arbeitsschritt, in dem ein Konzept erarbeitet werden soll, das aufzeigt, wie das für urbane Räume ausgelegte Indikatorensystem GLI:X auf die nationale Ebene in Südafrika übertragen werden kann. Im Fokus sind dabei vor allem die Städte Kapstadt, Durban und Port Elisabeth als die großen Seehäfen Südafrikas mit Bedeutung für das gesamte Südliche Afrika, sowie die Güterverkehrskorridore, zwischen Johannesburg/Gauteng und den genannten Hafenstädten, auf denen perspektivisch der intermodale Verkehr gestärkt werden soll. Übergeordnetes Ziel ist es darüber hinaus mit dem weiterentwickelten Indikatorensystem einen Beitrag zu den internationalen Standardisierungs- und Normungsbemühung der Internationalen Standardisierungsorganisation (ISO) für Smart City Konzepte, hier für den Bereich der urbanen Logistik, zu leisten.
The dataset contains an urban weather record from the hydro-meteorological monitoring station of the Institute of Geographical Sciences at the Freie Universitaet Berlin (working group Applied Geography, Environmental Hydrology and Resource Management; Geo Campus Lankwitz, Malteserstraße 74-100, 12249 Berlin). The station is located at an elevation of 45 m a.s.l. and consists of a 7.5 x 7.5 m wide fenced measuring field covered by short grass which is cut in weekly intervals (spring to fall) to ensure reference evaporation conditions.The field is equipped with a range of redundant devices that record weather information. In this summary we focus on a description of the devices from which data were included in the published dataset. A actual list of all devices is available at the Website of the Hydrometeorological monitoring station "Berlin-Lankwitz, FU Geo Campus" (https://www.geo.fu-berlin.de/en/geog/fachrichtungen/angeog/Messfeld-auf-dem-Campus/index.html).The dataset contains rainfall, air temperature, humidity, dew point temperature, air pressure, solar radiation as well as wind speed and direction, each measured in intervals of 15 min. It starts in January 2017 and is updated annually. Rainfall is collected with a Davis VantagePro tipping bucket which is part of the ISS (Integrated Sensor Suite, DAV-6323EU, manufactured before 2007) and mounted 2 m above ground. The collector diameter is 16.3 cm resulting in a collecting area of 210 cm². The measuring resolution of the tipping bucket is 0.25 mm (0.01 inch). During winter the DAVIS rain gauge is heated using the DAV-7720EU heating system. The begin of the heating period in each year is determined by the air temperature and starts before the daily minimum drops below 0°C. In addition a stainless steel Hellmann gauge with standard diameter of 16 cm (area: 200 m²) is installed on the monitoring field 1 m above ground. Rain water is collected in a steel can, which is emptied manually every morning from Monday to Friday using a DIN58667 measuring glass. Between December and February accumulated snow and ice is thawed. Paired data from the Hellman and DAVIS collector to assess accuracy are published separately (Reinhardt-Imjela et al. 2018). Temperature (°C), humidity (%) and air pressure (hPa) are measured 2 m above ground with the DAVIS ISS and the dew point is generated automatically from the data. Temperature includes mean, minimum and maximum of each 15 minute interval. Wind speed and direction are recorded by a Vaisale Weather Transmitter WXT520 2 m above ground. For solar radiation (W/m²) a Kipp & Zonen CMP3 Pyranometer is mounted also 2 m above ground.The data are provided as a tab-separated ASCII file with column names in the first line. The first column contains the date and time (date format: DD/MM/YYYY hh:mm). In the following columns all measured parameters are listed (units are included in the column name). Measuring errors or missing values are marked with “N/A”. Empty fields for the wind direction indicate intervals without measurable wind speed.
Objective: The MEGAPOLI project brings together leading European research groups, state-of-the-art scientific tools and key players from third countries to investigate the interactions among megacities, air quality and climate. MEGAPOLI will bridge the spatial and temporal scales that connect local emissions, air quality and weather with global atmospheric chemistry and climate. The main objectives are: - to assess impacts of megacities and large air-pollution hot-spots on local, regional and global air quality, - to quantify feedbacks among megacity air quality, local and regional climate, and global climate change, - to develop improved integrated tools for prediction of air pollution in megacities. In order to achieve these objectives we will: - Develop and evaluate integrated methods to improve megacity emission data; - Investigate physical and chemical processes starting from the megacity street level, continuing to the city, regional and global scales; - Assess regional and global air quality impacts of megacity plumes; - Determine the main mechanisms of regional meteorology/climate forcing due to megacity plumes; - Assess global megacity pollutant forcing on climate; - Examine feedback mechanisms including effects of climate change on megacity air quality; - Develop integrated tools for prediction of megacity air quality; - Evaluate these integrated tools and use them in case studies; - Develop a methodology to estimate the impacts of different scenarios of megacity development on human health and climate change; - Propose and assess mitigation options to reduce the impacts of megacity emissions. We will follow a pyramid strategy of undertaking detailed measurements in one European major city, Paris, performing detailed analysis for 12 megacities with existing air quality datasets and investigate the effects of all megacities on climate. The results will be disseminated to authorities, policy community, researchers and the other megacity stakeholders.
Project aims: To improve the efficiency, efficacy and relevance of urban health initiatives, with a close relationship between research and implementation, and a focus on scientific partnership and collaboration at both South-South and South-North levels. Short description: Since 1989, the STI has been concerned with the health and well-being of urban populations. Two major projects (in the framework of the SSPU Environment) are on the health impact of wastewater use in Sahelian cities (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, and Nouakchott, Mauretania) and on the management of a deprived urban setting by its inhabitants (N=Djamena, Chad). In the framework of the Dar es Salaam Urban Health Project research is continuing on various topics connected with health services and health-seeking. These projects aim to provide a scientific basis for planning and evaluating interventions, and also to identify and develop effective ways of translating research into action, involving the urban communities themselves in the definition of their priorities, and finding effective ways to support and develop activities initiated locally.
Das Projekt dient der Detaillierung des Forschungsvorhabens. Anhand eines vorlaeufigen Wirkungsgefueges 'Urbanes Oekosystem' soll die Arbeitsgruppe in vier Sitzungen diskutieren, wo die Schwerpunkte im Forschungsvorhaben liegen. Daraus wird abgeleitet werden, welche Fachdisziplinen insgesamt am Forschungsvorhaben zu beteiligen sind, welche Grundlagenarbeiten geleistet werden muessen und wie die interdisziplinaere Arbeit gestaltet werden soll. Die Konkretheit der Diskussion wird durch die Vorgabe von etwa 10 Testgebieten gewaehrleistet, die so ausgewaehlt sind, dass eine Uebertragbarkeit der Ergebnisse auf andere Raeume gegeben ist. Die universelle Anwendungsmoeglichkeit wird vor allem aber durch Erarbeitung des 'Erklaerungs'- Modells 'Urbanes Oekosystem' erzeugt. Im Vorhaben sind, ein systemgerechtes Vorgehen waere sonst nicht moeglich, diese Projektteile bereits in Ansaetzen vorhanden.