The dataset is composed of Neo HySpex (VNIR & SWIR) and Telops Hyper-Cam (LWIR) hyperspectral imagery acquired during the MOSES GFZ/FUB/UFZ airborne campaign on August 8th, 2020 over the test area Oschersleben covering parts of the Bode catchment in the northern foreland of the Harz Mountain, Central Germany. The study area covers an ecological transect including three TERENO climate stations/flux towers ranging from forest sites (Hohes Holz) to lowland meadows (Grosses Bruch) to intensively used agricultural land (Hordorf). The survey was conducted within the frame of the Helmholtz program MOSES (Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems) heatwave event chain, which overall objective is to monitor heat extremes and drought events. In particular, the 2020 MOSES heatwave campaign over the Oschersleben test site aimed at an GFZ/UFZ intercalibration comparison measurements between different hyperspectral instruments flown on same day with different platforms and altitude, and test impact of different workflows on resulting data. This publication contains the GFZ VNIR-SWIR-LWIR hyperspectral dataset. It includes 1) 17 HySpex cloud-free flight lines already mosaicked in orthorectified reflectance, covering the VNIR to SWIR wavelength regions (0.4-2.5 µm) with 408 spectral bands, and 2) a composite of Hyper-Cam 1956 frames processed to surface temperature and spectral emissivity covering the LWIR (7.7 – 11.7 µm) in 125 bands. The dataset also includes Level 2A EnMAP-like reflectance imagery simulated using the end-to-end Simulation tool (EeteS). Associated field data and UFZ hyperspectral data are included in related publications of this campaign.
We provide version 1.0 of an open access database created as part of the project “Tropical soil organic carbon dynamics along erosional disturbance gradients in relation to variability in soil geochemistry and land use” (TropSOC). TropSOC v1.0 contains spatial and temporal explicit data on soil, vegetation, environmental properties and land management collected from 136 pristine tropical forest and cropland plots between 2017 and 2020 as part of several monitoring and sampling campaigns in the Eastern Congo Basin and the East African Rift Valley System. The results of several laboratory experiments focussing on soil microbial activity, C cycling and C stabilization in soils complement the dataset to deliver one of the first landscape scale datasets to study the linkages and feedbacks between geology, geomorphology and pedogensis as controls on biogeochemical cycles in a variety of natural and managed systems in the African Tropics.
Sampling procedures are described in each metadata description .pdf file accompanying a specific .csv file that represents a methodologically distinct subset of the database. A general overview of field sampling procedures and design is given in Doetterl et al., (2021, ESSD in review) which describes the dataset as a whole. Analytical procedures are described in each metadata description .pdf file accompanying a specific .csv file that represents a methodologically distinct subset of the database. Data processing and quality control are described in each metadata description .pdf file accompanying a specific .csv file that represents a methodologically distinct subset of the database.
With this data, we expand the data set characterizing the Critical Zone geochemistry along the Chilean Coastal Cordillera provided by Oeser et al. (2018). This data set completes the results of bulk geochemical analysis of bedrock and regolith with those of bulk analysis of major plants and those of the bio-available fraction in saprolite and soil (determined using a modified sequential extraction method on bulk regolith samples after Arunachalam et al., 1996;He et al., 1995;Tessier et al., 1979). For all those compartments of the Earth’s Critical Zone, we further present radiogenic (87Sr/86Sr) and stable (δ88/86Sr) strontium isotope ratios. A detailed graphical presentation and discussion of this data as well as method description is given in Oeser and von Blanckenburg, (2020a): Do degree and rate of silicate weathering depend on plant productivity? and Oeser and von Blanckenburg, (2020b): Strontium isotopes trace biological activity in the Critical Zone along a climate and vegetation gradient.
Using this data, we were thus, able to determine weathering rates and nutrient uptake along the “EarthShape” climate and vegetation gradient in the Chilean Coastal Cordillera and to identify the sources of mineral nutrients to plants. Ultimately, we were able to budget inventories, gains and losses of nutritive elements in and out of these ecosystems and to quantify nutrient recycling. We found that the weathering rate does not increase from north to south along the climate gradient. Instead, the increase in biomass growth rate is accommodated by faster nutrient recycling. Instead, the increase in biomass nutrient demand is accommodated by faster nutrient recycling. In the absence of an increase in weathering rate despite a five-fold increase in precipitation and NPP, we hypothesize that plant growth might in fact dampen weathering rates. Radiogenic and stable Sr isotopes in combination with mass balance calculations were used to detect the Sr sources and quantify its fluxes in four ecosystems along the “EarthShape” climate and vegetation gradient. Estimated whole-plant Sr isotope compositions reveal a preferential uptake of light Sr from soil solution and subsequent export of fractionated organic material from the ecosystems. This export correlates well with erosion rate E and potentially impairs the ability for direct Sr acquisition from solid plant debris and thus reduces the recycling factor of Sr and possibly Ca and that of other mineral nutrients, too.
All samples are assigned with International Geo Sample Numbers (IGSN), a globally unique and persistent Identifier for physical samples. The IGSNs are provided in the data tables and link to a comprehensive sample description in the internet.
Tables included in this data publication:
Table S1: Chemical composition, radiogenic strontium (87Sr/86Sr), stable strontium (δ88/86Sr), and molar Ca/Sr ratios of representative bedrock samples from Pan de Azúcar, Santa Gracia, La Campana, and Nahuelbuta
Table S2: Weathering indices CDF and τ, radiogenic strontium (87Sr/86Sr), stable strontium (δ88/86Sr), and molar Ca/Sr ratios of the 2 × 4 regolith profiles.
Table S3: Concentration of the bio-available fraction, comprised of the water-soluble and the exchangeable fraction.
Table S4: Concentration of the water-soluble and the exchangeable fraction, and the relative amount of the bio-available fraction (pooled water-soluble and exchangeable fraction) on bulk regolith.
Table S5: Chemical composition of the study sites’ single plant organs along with their respective radiogenic strontium (87Sr/86Sr), stable strontium (δ88/86Sr), and molar Ca/Sr ratios