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Fault database of the Northern Chile forearc between 18°50’S and 19°45’S

The knowledge about the distribution of active faults is crucial for hazard assessment (Costa et al., 2020; Santibáñez et al., 2019; Wesnousky, 1986) but also provides insights into tectonic control on hydrological processes (Binnie et al., 2020; Jeffery et al., 2013; Pan et al., 2013) or georesource distribution (Goldsworthy & Jackson, 2000; Viguier et al., 2018). Furthermore, tectonically driven topographic uplift and its impact on climate (Armijo et al., 2015; Houston & Hartley, 2003; Rech et al., 2019; Zhisheng et al., 2001) can be better understood if a systematically mapped fault database exists. Here we present an active fault database, as well as the distribution of drainages, for an area between 18.50°S and 19.45°S in Northern Chile forearc, which were systematically mapped in the framework of the project “Cluster C05-Tectonic Geomorphology: Adaptation of drainage to tectonic forcing” of the CRC1211- Earth Evolution at the Dry Limit. The Central Andes forearc at this latitude is located at a highly tectonically active convergent margin and hosts major earthquakes not only on the plate boundary itself (e.g., Métois et al., 2016), but also in the overriding crust (e.g., Comte et al., 1999). It comprises, from west to east, the Coastal Cordillera, Longitudinal Valley and the Western Flank of the Altiplano, showing an impressive amount of topographic variability of ca. 4000 m. Nevertheless, Neogene crustal tectonic structures and surface deformation are poorly documented. The overall landscape appears as a gentle west-sloping pediplain dissected by deep transversal canyons (quebradas), which reach the current Pacific Ocean (Mortimer, 1980). The Longitudinal Valley is a sedimentary basin filled with 432 to 2000 m of Tertiary to Quaternary deposits derived from the Altiplano in the east as well as the Coastal Cordillera in the west (García et al., 2017). Its surface is composed by a multiphase planation surface called the Pacific Paleosurface (PPS), which distribution is suggested to be controlled by crustal tectonics (Evenstar et al., 2017). Depending on the low ratio of tectonic displacement rate to sedimentation rate, many active faults are hidden and only a specialized approach of high-resolution fault mapping, together with a morphometric analysis of the drainage pattern provides systematic information about the distribution of active faults, folds and related structures. The present fault database is the result of creating a comprehensive catalogue of faults classified by the age of last proven/probable tectonic activity. This is accompanied by a compilation of existing age data and a map of drainage pattern. These datasets were compiled in QGIS 3.16.5 (https://www.qgis.org) and are available as. gpkg for GIS applications and as .kml formats to be visualized in Google Earth.

Survey mode GNSS data, acquired 2014-2019 in the Afghan Hindu Kush and across northern Pamir margin, Central Asia

We have installed 19 new Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) markers in the Hindu Kush (NE-Afghanistan) and the North Pamir front (Alai valley) and measured a total of 25 new and existing markers, if possible annually between 2014 and 2020 in survey mode. The stations are positioned along three profiles crossing the NE-striking Panjsheer fault and N-striking Badakhshan fault in the Hindu Kush, and the E-striking Pamir thrust system at the Trans Alai Range. The Hindu Kush survey data are the first of their kind in Afghanistan. The Pamir profile densifies a 1 Hz-GNSS profile that was installed in the Altyndara valley in 2013-2015; the GNSS time-series are affected by the 2015 Mw7.2 Sarez, Central Pamir, earthquake and probably the 2016 Mw6.4 Sary-Tash earthquake. The data are presented in receiver independent exchange (RNX) format and complemented by logsheets, field photos and a technical report describing the surveys in more detail.

3D lithospheric structure of the Caribbean and north South American Plates and Rotation Files of Kinematic Reconstructions back to 90 Ma of the Caribbean Large Igneous Plateau

We are providing the geophysical data used to develop a gravity validated 3D lithospheric configuration of the Caribbean and north South American plates. The sources of these data are described in Section 4 of this README. Republication of subsets of these data are with permission of the authors or allowed by the licences of the input data. This data repository contains the lithospheric layers of the gravity validated 3D structural and density model of the Caribbean and north South American plates. In this model, the integration of different publicly available geophysical datasets was made, after an interpolation to a homogeneous spatial resolution of 25 km was performed. The data repository also contains the average density of the crystalline crust obtained after forward modelling the gravity anomalies. Additionally, the rotation files of the GPlates reconstructions of the Caribbean Large Igneous Plateau (CLIP) back to 90 Ma are included. This kinematic analysis was based on different reconstructions previously published by other authors. Further information and citations are given on the README file associated to this data repository.

Scripts to calculate the Vertical Gravity Gradients response of a 3D lithospheric model using spherical coordinates: the Caribbean oceanic domain as a case study

The scripts and workflow are supplementary material to "3D Modelling of Vertical Gravity Gradients and the delimitation of tectonic boundaries: The Caribbean oceanic domain as a case study" (Gómez-García et al., 2019).The codes include the calculation of the VGG response of a 3D lithospheric model, in spherical coordinates, using the software Tesseroids (Uieda, 2016). The "Readme_Workflow_2019_002.pdf" file provide very detail information about the structure of this repository, as well as the step-by-step for the scripts execution, and the list of the requiered software for the correct workflow performance.All the information provided here will allow the user to reproduce the results and figures of the main paper. Detailed information are also given in the associated README.

Average crustal densities and main terrain boundaries of the Caribbean oceanic domain inferred from the modelling of Vertical Gravity Gradients

These data are supplementary material to "3D Modelling of Vertical Gravity Gradients and the delimitation of tectonic boundaries: The Caribbean oceanic domain as a case study" (Gómez-García et al., 2019).This dataset contains information about the structure of the Caribbean oceanic crust, based on the modelling of the Vertical Gravity Gradients, which are gravity derivatives especially sensitive to density contrasts in the upper layers of the Earth.The files included are:1) The inferred densities of the Caribbean crystalline crust, in the file “CrustalDensities.txt”.2) The residuals of the Vertical Gravity Gradients (VGG), in the file “ResidualsVGG.txt”, which were used to define the terrain boundaries.3) A collection of shapefiles (2019GC008340_Gdb.gdb) with the main inferred tectonic/terrain boundaries and additional geologic features.4) A "Read me" file with the description of the different shapefiles available in the geodatabase.

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