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Regularized Empirical Variance-Covariance-Matrices for stochastic gravity modeling of 8 major ocean tides

This data publication represents the main outcomes of WP1.200 of Individual Project IP1 and Deliverable D1.1 of the research unit NEROGRAV. The goal of WP1.200 was the realistic representation of modern ocean tide model uncertainties in the form of empirical Variance-Covariance Matrices (VCMs) for the utilization in satellite gravimetric dealiasing. In the following, we describe the data set generation and format. A more detailed description of the processing strategy of the data set can be found in Abrykosov et al. (2021).

Solutions of ocean tide loading displacement, self-attraction and loading and ocean tides for an advanced 3D anelastic solid Earth model

As a supplement to Huang et al. (2022) “The influence of sediments, lithosphere and upper mantle (anelastic) with lateral heterogeneity on ocean tide loading and ocean tide dynamics”, we provide for the advanced earth model LH-Lyon-3Dae [consisting of 3D elastic sediments, lithosphere and 3D anelastic upper mantle structures, see Huang et al.(2022) for details] the solutions of vertical ocean tide loading (OTL) displacement, self-attraction and loading (SAL) elevation, and ocean tides. Solutions for three tidal constituents, i.e., M2, K1 and Mf, are given. As a comparison, solutions based on the 1D elastic model PREM and the 1D anelastic LH-Lyon-1Dae are also presented. With these solutions, the primary results in Huang et al. (2022) such as the model amplitude differences, RMS differences and the predictions in GNSS stations can be reconstructed.

Global Ocean Tide Model Data During the Last 21,000 Years

This data publication encompasses a set of global tidal levels for individual epochs between 21 ka BP and present-day, the underlying global partial tides solutions (sea surface elevations and transports), and the global mean tidal dissipation as calculated from 8 partial tides. The data set was produced using the purely-hydrodynamical ocean tide model TiME, which was recently upgraded in the framework of the DFG-project Nerograv (https://www.lrg.tum.de/iapg/nerograv/) and which can be used for several applications: first, the reconstruction of indicative ranges for paleo sea levels markers, e.g. sea-level index points (SLIPs), second, to derive open boundary conditions for high-resolution regional paleo tide simulations, and third, to provide constraints for tidal deep ocean dissipation when running ocean general circulations models (OGCMs). The gridded information was transferred to a number of files in netcdf-format on a rotated-pole grid. The next section describes the creation of the data in more detail. Please also consider the data description for more details about the creation of this data set.

Surface displacement, self-attraction and loading and M2 ocean tide fields in view of anelastic solid Earth models

As a supplement to Huang et al. (2021) “Anelasticity and lateral heterogeneities in Earth’s upper mantle: impact on surface displacements, self-attraction and loading and ocean tide dynamics”, the global amplitude and root-mean-square fields of surface vertical displacement and self-attraction and loading due to ocean tide loading - the M2 tide derived from model TiME (Sulzbach et al., 2021), and the root-mean-square fields of M2 tide are presented here. The fields have been calculated for the 1D elastic solid Earth model PREM and 3D and 1D anelastic models. Figures 4-7, S1 and S2, and tables 1-2 in Huang et al. (2021) can be easily reproduced from these data fields applying the calculus discussed in the paper. The anelastic Earth models can be constructed with the methodology outlined in Huang et al. (2021) by making use of the elastic and attenuation tomography models from the University of California, Berkeley (Karaoğlu, H. & Romanowicz, B., 2018) and the École Normale Supérieure (ENS) de Lyon (Debayle et al., 2020), respectively. All response fields (U and SAL) are calculated with the spectral-finite element method (Martinec 2000, Tanaka et al. 2019).

Mass variations induced by ocean tide oscillations (TiME21)

This data publication presents global mass variations that are induced by individual ocean partial tides. The data set was produced using the purely-hydrodynamical ocean tide model TiME in the framework of the DFG-project Nerograv\\ (https://www.lrg.tum.de/iapg/nerograv/) and can be used for gravimetric applications. The overall goal of this project is to improve the processing of gravimetric data sets (e.g. GRACE/GRACE-FO) by improving the understanding of sensor data, processing strategies, and background models. The here presented DOI can contribute to this goal as the here described tidally induced mass variations are an important part of the described background models. As ocean tides are usually described as a superposition of so-called partial tides, the presented mass variations can be attributed to single partial tide frequencies and are thus represented for single partial tide frequencies. Here, not only the effect of direct gravitation exerted by the ocean water is included but also gravity variations due to the elastic yielding of the solid earth in response to water mass redistribution (the load tide) are allowed for. The information describing the partial tides has been transformed to fully normalized Stokes Coefficients describing in-phase and quadrature fields as those are especially handy for gravimetric purposes. The next section describes the creation of the data in more detail.

Mass variations induced by ocean tide oscillations (TiME21)

This data publication presents global mass variations that are induced by individual ocean partial tides. The data set was produced using the purely-hydrodynamical ocean tide model TiME in the framework of the DFG-project Nerograv\\ (https://www.lrg.tum.de/iapg/nerograv/) and can be used for gravimetric applications. The overall goal of this project is to improve the processing of gravimetric data sets (e.g. GRACE/GRACE-FO) by improving the understanding of sensor data, processing strategies, and background models. The here presented DOI can contribute to this goal as the here described tidally induced mass variations are an important part of the described background models. As ocean tides are usually described as a superposition of so-called partial tides, the presented mass variations can be attributed to single partial tide frequencies and are thus represented for single partial tide frequencies. Here, not only the effect of direct gravitation exerted by the ocean water is included but also gravity variations due to the elastic yielding of the solid earth in response to water mass redistribution (the load tide) are allowed for. The information describing the partial tides has been transformed to fully normalized Stokes Coefficients describing in-phase and quadrature fields as those are especially handy for gravimetric purposes. The next section describes the creation of the data in more detail.

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