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Second release of combined monthly gravity fields of the GRACE and GRACE-FO satellite missions in spherical harmonic representation (Level-2 product) generated by the Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Fields (COST-G; Jäggi et al., 2020), a product center for time-variable gravity fields of IAG's International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). COST-G RL02 is a combination of gravity field time series provided by the following analysis centers (ACs) and partner analysis centers (PCs) of COST-G: ACs: - GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences: GFZ RL06 (GRACE), GFZ RL06.3 (GRACE-FO) - Graz University of Technology, Institute of Geodesy: ITSG-Grace2018 (GRACE), ITSG-Grace_op (GRACE-FO) - Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Groupe de Recherche de Geodesie Spatiale: CNES_GRGS_RL05_CHOL (GRACE & GRACE-FO) - Astronomical Institute University of Bern: AIUB-RL03 (GRACE), AIUB-GRACE-FO_rl02op (GRACE-FO) - Leibniz Universität Hannover: LUH-GRACE-2020 (GRACE), LUH-GRACE-FO-2020 (GRACE-FO) - Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences: APM-SYSU (GRACE) - HuaZhong University of Science and Technology: HUST-Grace2024 (GRACE & GRACE-FO) - Southern University of Science and Technology, Department of Earth and Space Sciences: SUSTech2025 (GRACE) - Tongji University, College of Surveying and Geo-informatics: Tongji-Grace2022 (GRACE) PCs: - Center for Space Research at University of Texas: CSR RL06 (GRACE), CSR RL06.3 (GRACE-FO) - NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory: JPL RL06 (GRACE), JPL RL06.3 (GRACE-FO) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Version History: 4 July 2025: Release of Version 2.1. This is an update of Version 2.0 of the same data set including the following changes: Replacement of Tongji-Grace-Costg (nonofficial release) by Tongji-Grace2022; replacement of HUST-Grace2023 (nonofficial release) by HUST-Grace2024 (currently also not yet officially released); use of GFZ RL06.3, CSR RL06.3, JPL RL06.3 and CNES_GRGS_RL05_CHOL for the entire GRACE-FO period. 25 April 2025: Initial release of the data (Version 2.0).
Post-processed GRACE/GRACE-FO spherical harmonic coefficients of COST-G RL02 Level-2 GSM products representing an estimate of Earth's gravity field variations during the specified timespan. Post-processing steps comprise: (1) subtraction of a long-term mean field; (2) optionally, decorrelation and smoothing with VDK filter (anisotropic filter taking the actual error covariance information of the underlying GSM coefficients into account, see Horvath et al. (2018)); (3) replacement of coefficients C20 and C30 (only for the months within the period from 2016/11 through 2017/06) and its formal standard deviations by values estimated from a combination of GRACE/GRACE-FO and Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR); (4) subtraction of linear trend caused by Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) as provided by a numerical model; (5) insertion of geocenter coefficients (C10, C11, S11); and (6) removal of estimated aliased signal of the S2 tide (161 days period). These coefficients represent signals caused by water mass redistribution over the continents and in the oceans. These post-processed GRACE/GRACE-FO GSM products are denoted as Level-2B products. There are multiple variants of Level-2B products available that differ by the characteristics of the anisotropic filter applied. These variants are distinguishable by the following strings in the product file names: - 'NFIL': Level-2B product is not filtered - 'VDK1': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK1 - 'VDK2': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK2 - 'VDK3': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK3 - 'VDK4': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK4 - 'VDK5': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK5 - 'VDK6': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK6 - 'VDK7': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK7 - 'VDK8': Level-2B product is filtered with VDK8 The individual auxiliary data sets and models used during the post-processing steps mentioned above are provided as well (in the aux_data folder): - 'GRAVIS-2B_COSTG_0200_2002095-2020091_NFIL_0001.gz': Long-term mean field calculated as unweighted average of the 183 available GFZ RL06 GSM products in the period from 2002/04 through 2020/03 - 'GRAVIS-2B_COSTG_0200_GRACE+SLR_LOW_DEGREES_0001.dat': Time series of coefficients C20, C30, C21 and S21 estimated from a combination of GRACE/GRACE-FO and SLR - 'GRAVIS-2B_COSTG_0200_GIA_ICE-6G_D_VM5a_0001.gz': Model from Peltier et al. (2018) for subtraction of linear trend caused by GIA - 'GRAVIS-2B_COSTG_0200_GEOCENTER_0001.dat': Time series with geocenter coefficients estimated from COST-G RL02.1 Further information about the Level-2B products and the auxiliary data is provided in the header of the corresponding data files. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Version History: 22 July 2025: Initial release of the data (Version 0001).
The joint ESA/NASA Mass-change And Geosciences International Constellation (MAGIC) mission has the objective to extend time series from previous gravity missions, including an improvement of accuracy and spatio-temporal resolution. The long-term monitoring of Earth's gravity field carries information on mass-change induced by water cycle, climate change, and mass transport processes between atmosphere, cryosphere, oceans and solid Earth. The MAGIC mission will be composed of two satellite pairs flying in different orbit planes. The NASA/DLR--led first pair (P1) is expected to be in a near-polar orbit around 500 km of altitude; while the second ESA--led pair (P2) is expected to be in an inclined orbit of 65--70 degrees at approximately 400 km altitude. The ESA--led pair P2 Next Generation Gravity Mission (NGGM) shall be launched after P1 in a staggered manner to form the MAGIC constellation. The addition of an inclined pair shall lead to reduction of temporal aliasing effects and consequently of reliance on de-aliasing models and post-processing. The main novelty of the MAGIC constellation is the delivery of mass-change products at higher spatial resolution, temporal (i.e. sub--weekly) resolution, shorter latency, and higher accuracy than GRACE and GRACE-FO. This will pave the way to new science applications and operational services. The performances of different MAGIC mission scenarios for different application areas in the field of geosciences were analysed in the frame of the initial ESA Science Support activities for MAGIC. The data sets provided here are the Level-2a simulated gravity field solutions of MAGIC scenarios and the related reference signal that were used for these analyses. The .gfc files in the folders monthly (31-day solutions) and weekly (7-day solutions) contain the estimated (HIS) coefficients (Cnm, Snm) as well as the formal errors (SigCnm, SigSnm) of the different MAGIC scenarios. In order to compute the coefficient errors, the reference/true HIS coefficients contained in the folder HIS_reference_fields need to be subtracted from the estimated HIS coefficients. The data sets provided here comprise the Level-2a simulated gravity field solutions of MAGIC scenarios and the related reference signal (based on Dobslaw et al. 2014; 2015) that were used for the above analyses.
The Atmosphere and Ocean non-tidal De-aliasing Level-1B (AOD1B) product is widely used in satellite gravimetry to correct for transient effects of atmosphere-ocean mass variability that would otherwise alias into monthly-mean global gravity fields. The most recent release is based on the global ERA5 reanalysis and ECMWF operational data together with simulations from the general ocean circulation model MPIOM consistently forced with fields of the same atmospheric data-set. As background models are inevitably imperfect, residual errors due to aliasing remain. Accounting for the uncertainties of the background model data has, however, proven to be a useful approach to mitigate the impact of residual aliasing. In light of the changes made in the new release of AOD1B, previous uncertainty assessments are deemed too pessimistic and have been revised in the new time-series of true errors: AOe07. One possible way to include the uncertainty information of background models in gravity field estimation or simulation studies is through the computation and application of a variance-covariance matrix that describes the spatio-temporal error characteristics of the background model. The AOe07 variance-covariance-matrix provides this information through (1) a fully populated matrix up to degree and order 40 as well as (2) a diagonal matrix up to degree and order 180.
Filtered GRACE/GRACE-FO spherical harmonic coefficients of ITSG-Grace2018/ITSG-Grace_operational Level-2 GSM products representing an estimate of Earth's gravity field variations during the specified timespan. The spherical harmonic coefficients are filtered with VDK3 filter (anisotropic filter taking the actual error covariance information of the underlying GSM coefficients into account, see Horvath et al. (2018)). The filtered spherical harmonic coefficients are accompanied by their variance-covariance matrices which are gained via variance propagation from the variance-covariance matrices of the unfiltered coefficients. This data set is basis of Boergens and Kvas (2021) and have been used in Boergens et al. (2021) to produce regional time series and their uncertainties, which can be reproduced with the code provided by Boergens (2021).
Combined monthly gravity fields of the GRACE satellite mission in spherical harmonic representation (Level-2 product) generated by the Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Fields (COST-G; Jäggi et al. (2020):http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2020_109), a product center for time-variable gravity fields of IAG's International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). COST-G GRACE RL01 is a combination of AIUB-RL02, GFZ-RL06, GRGS-RL04 (unconstrained solution), ITSG-GRACE2018, and CSR-RL06. The original time-series were provided by the analysis centers (ACs) and partner analysis centers (PCs) of COST-G.
Operationally combined monthly gravity fields of the GRACE-FO satellite mission in spherical harmonic representation (Level-2 product) generated by the Combination Service for Time-variable Gravity Fields (COST-G; Jäggi et al. (2020):http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1345_2020_109), a product center for time-variable gravity fields of IAG's International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). COST-G_GRACE-FO_RL01_OP is a combination of AIUB-GRACE-FO_op, GFZ-RL06 (GFO), GRGS-RL05 (unconstrained solution), ITSG-Grace_op, LUH-GRACE-FO, CSR-RL06 (GFO) and JPL-RL06 (GFO). The original time-series were provided by the analysis centers (ACs) and partner analysis centers (PCs) of COST-G.
The WHU-GRACE-GPD01s models are the latest monthly gravity field solutions recovered from GRACE intersatellite geopotential difference (GPD) data processed at the School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, China. The intersatellite GPDs are estimated from GRACE Level-1B (RL03) data based on the improved energy balance equation and remove-compute-restore (RCR) technique, and the background models are consistent with GRACE Level-2 processing standards document (RL06). Further details are presented in Zhong et al. (2020, 2022). The WHU-GRACE-GPD01s models include two sets of GRACE monthly solutions: one is the unconstrained monthly solutions with the maximum degree and order of 60, the other is the constrained monthly solutions up to the maximum degree and order 96 with Kaula regularization constraint, and the optimal regularization parameter is determined using variance component estimation (VCE). This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41974015, 41474019, 42061134007) and the Project Supported by the Special Fund of Hubei Luojia Laboratory (Grant No. 220100004).
The new unconstrained GRACE monthly solution SWPU-GRACE2021 is recently developed with the dynamic approach. The reprocessed GRACE L1B RL03 data and de-aliasing product AOD1B RL06 are applied to compute SWPU-GRACE2021. The arc length is variable according to the L1B data quality, but the maximum is no more than 24 hours. The bias vector and scale matrix of the GRACE Accelerometer observation ACC1B product are estimable parameters. The data covers the period from April 2002 to Mai 2017. Due to data quality problems, there are some data gaps between September 2016 and April 2017.
Python tool box, which allows the user to calculate mean TWS time series, their uncertainties, and regional covariance matrices for arbitrary regions. This tool box has been used to produce the results presented in Boergens et al. (2021) based on the TWS data of Boergens and Kvas (2021).
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