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This network of sixteen geophones and six broadbands was installed in Kåfjord, Troms og Finnmark, Norway, to study two rockslides: Njárgavárri and Indre Nordneset. Each study site had three broadbands from September 2023 to June 2025. In addition, were installed and recording: September – November 2023: six geophones on each site; April – August 2024: four geophones at Njárgavárri and ten at Indre Nordneset. The geophones were installed locally around the rockslides while the broadbands were installed one to a few kilometers from the rockslides (except for one of them directly at Indre Nordneset). The geophones in Njárgavárri were first installed as two triangular antennas of four stations each (three in triangle and one in the middle) and were then replaced by a small aperture array around the most active part of the unstable slope. The goal was to record all activities: rock falls, cracking and creeping movements. In Indre Nordneset, the geophone stations were placed in a small aperture array all around the main scarp and surface of failure to record the cracking activity. The geophones are of type 3-D Geophone PE-6/B with DATA-CUBE3 (built-in GPS). The broadbands are of type STS-2.5 with EDR-10 digitizers. Sampling frequency was 400 Hz for geophone stations, 200 Hz broadbands. Gain was at 16 (15.258789 nV/count) for the geophone stations, set on high (100 nV/bit) for the broadband stations. Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 8I.
A network of 209 continuously running digital seismic stations equipped with short-period geophones (200 stations) and broadband sensors (9 stations) was deployed in an area of ~14 x ~14 km in the Lausitz (Saxony, Germany) for a period of ~5 weeks. The main objectives were 1) to create a 3-D model of the subsurface (shear wave velocity; ambient noise tomography) using the ambient seismic noise field and 2) to investigate the spatio-temporal distribution of the seismic noise (and noise sources). The project is related to the preparations for the construction of a ‘Low Seismic Lab’ (as part of the German Center for Astrophysics, DZA) and potentially the Einstein Telescope. Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 9I.
- Installation of 29 short-period seismometers between Copiapo and Taltal to monitor seismic events - The deployment was between February 2023 and June 2023 - Registering continuously 250 SPS - Onshore component of research cruise SO297 with RV Sonne. Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 5R.
This data set consists of Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratios (HVSR) resulting from the application of the software package HVNEA (HV Noise and Earthquake Automatic Analysis) with the aim of comparing them with those resulting from the application of another method, namely STATION (Seismic sTATion and sIte amplificatiON). The results, relative to more than 24,000 HVSR, derive from the processing of 700,000 seismograms recorded over different time periods by 8 stations of the networks IV (Italian Seismic Network), GU (Regional Seismic Network of North Western Italy) and GV (Mobile RSNI). To compare the results of the two methods as accurately as possible, the waveforms were subjected to the same preprocessing already used to elaborate the results stored in the STATION database. To this end, the methodological workflow applied with HVNEA for station IV.MURB involved the selection of segments from continuous recordings for each event reported in the INGV catalogue located within a radius of 120 kilometres from the station. Starting from the automatically picked S-wave onsets, 12-second windows were then extracted and used for the analysis of earthquake recordings. Regarding the noise analysis, it should be noted that STATION again considers 12-second windows selected before the P-wave onset, while HVNEA requires the use of a signal window of at least 60 seconds. A window of 3,600 seconds was used for the analysis. The comparison of the HVSR was performed in the frequency band 0.1–15 Hz. All analysed curves, for both earthquake and noise recordings, show generally similar shapes and identify significant peaks in correspondence of the same frequency ranges, although the amplitudes obtained with STATION are systematically higher than those obtained with HVNEA. To obtain a quantitative comparison, various statistical metrics commonly used to measure the discrepancy between data sets were applied, namely the Mean Squared Error, the Mean Absolute Error and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. This publication results from work conducted under the transnational access/national open access action at the Site effects Laboratory – INGV L’Aquila supported by WP3 ILGE–MEET project, PNRR–EU Next Generation Europe program, MUR grant number D53C22001400005.
To seismically monitor the GEOREAL hydraulic stimulation experiment, that took place during the period 6-15 November 2023, a station network was set up in the vicinity of the Kontinentale Tiefbohrung/ KTB deep crustal lab near Windischeschenbach, Germany. The network comprised both surface stations, shallow borehole (25-150 m deep) stations as well as a borehole chain at 2000 m depth in the main borehole, ca. 200m apart from the pilot borehole. First stations were installed in early 2022 and removed in mid-2024. A total of 600 m³ of water was injected into the 4 km deep pilot borehole (KTB-VB, 12° 7.16' E, 49° 48.98' N, 513.418 m above NN ). This volume was injected through a stuck packer in the cased borehole into the open borehole section a depth of 3.85-4 km. No induced seismicity was observed during the injection experiment. Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 4R, and is fully open.
The NEARESTproject (Integrated observations from NEAR shore sourcES of Tsunamis: towards an early warning system) aimed at the identification and characterization of potential near-shore sources of tsunamis in the Gulf of Cadiz. This area is well known from the catastrophic earthquake and tsunami that destroyed Lisbon and several other places mainly along the EastAtlantic coast on November 1st, 1755. One of the project's work packages dealed with monitoring of recent seismic activity in the Gulf of Cadiz area. For this purpose 24 broadband ocean-bottom seismometers (OBS) from the German DEPAS instrument pool were deployed for 11 months in addition to the GEOSTAR multi-parameter deep-sea observatory and two temporary land stations in Portugal. The GEOSTAR observatory and the 24 OBS were deployed and recovered during two expeditions with RV Urania in 2007 and 2008. The OBSs consist of three‐component Guralp CMG‐40T‐OBS seismometers and HighTech HTI‐04‐PCA/ULF hydrophones. A wide range of signals was recorded, ncluding teleseismic, regional and local earthquakes, and low‐frequency (∼20 Hz) vocalization of fin whales. The GEOSTAR observatory was again deployed between 2009 and 2011. The Portuguese temporary land station PDRG was additionally recording during the NEAREST project. Originally, the position of recovery on deck was taken to calculate the mean coordinate of the OBS at depth from deployment and recovery coordinates. In most cases the difference in coordinates between deployment and recovery is very small (table 3 and 4 in Carrara et al., 2008). For two stations, the location at the seafloor could be measured by triangulation (Carrara et al., 2008). Due to experience of other experiments over the years, we finally suggest to use the deployment coordinates as the station coordinates for all stations that could not be tri-angulated. The clocks were synchronized with GPS time before the deployment and if possible again after the recovery. Unfortunately, most of the batteries were empty at the end of the recording period. That either made it impossible to realize the second synchronisation (skew time measurement) or in some case also caused erroneous synchronisations. Therefore, the internal clock drift was estimated by ambient noise analysis (Corela, 2014). The internal clock drifts were corrected using a linear interpolation method. Generally, the data quality is very good, especially for the intended study of local and regional earthquakes. Studies relying on wideband seismological recordings can also be carried out. The sensor package and noise conditions hamper the use for broadband and very broadband applications. Unfortunately, also not all channels operated properly, therefore hampering the use of multi-component methods for the relevant stations. We thank the captain E. Gentile, crew, G. Carrara, and all participants of the R/V URANIA expeditions in 2007 and 2008. We are grateful to all people and institutions involved in the NEAREST project. Waveform data is available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 9H.
Seismological experiment at Strokkur from 2020" is a seismological experiment realized at the most active geyser on Iceland by Eva Eibl (University of Potsdam) in collaboration with Gylfi P. Hersir formerly at ISOR Iceland. The geyser is part of the Haukadalur geothermal area in south Iceland, which contains numerous geothermal anomalies, hot springs, and basins (Walter et al., 2018). Strokkur is a pool geyser and has a silica sinter edifice with a water basin on top, which is about 12m in diameter with a central tube of more than 20m depth. The aim of the seismic experiment is to monitor eruptions of Strokkur geyser from March 2020 using three broadband seismic stations (Nanometrics Trillium Compact 120s). Sensors were buried at distances of 38.8m (GE4, SE), 47.3m (GE3, SW), and 42.5m (GE2, N) from Strokkur center. Within this time period about 1 month of data is missing due to power outages. At any other times at least one station recorded the eruptions. From this dataset, converted to MSEED using Pyrocko, currently a catalogue of 506,131 water fountains was determined and further investigated in Eibl et al. (2025). In addition, Eibl et al. (2025) assessed the effect of the weather on the system including the bubble trap suspected at around 24 m depth by Eibl et al. (2021). Waveform data are available from the GEOFON data centre, under network code 2Z.
The dataset is an extended and updated version of the homogenized regional earthquake catalogue of the Marmara region, north-western Turkey, presented in Wollin et al. (2018) and Becker et al. (2023). It is built on the regional Turkish seismicity catalogues provided by AFAD (Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency of Turkey) and KOERI (Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute) and spans the time interval 2021-2023. All events available in these two catalogues in the wider Marmara region were combined and duplicate events removed. A total of 2242 events having at least 6 P- and/or S-picks were located using the NLLoc software (Lomax et al., 2000, 2009) in Octtree mode utilizing automatic picks obtained with the PhaseNet algorithm (Zhu & Beroza, 2019) for all available waveforms. The magnitude range is between M0.5 and M5.1 and covers mainly the area 40.00S-41.25S and 27.00E-30.00E which was used as search region for the regional catalogs. The full description of the data and methods is provided in the data description file.
Greece is Europe’s most seismically active nation, as it is being deformed by an active subduction system and one of the world’s fastest-spreading rifts. Onshore active faults pose seismic hazard that cannot be reliably assessed in the absence of a comprehensive map of potential earthquake sources. Here, we use high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), in conjunction with hillshades and slope models, to map and characterise faults in Greece at a scale of 1:25000. The Active Faults Greece (AFG) database records a total of 3815 fault-traces assigned to 892 interpreted faults. Of the AFG traces, 53% were mapped here for the first time, with their geometries and slip-sense constrained by displacement of landscape features. AFG includes >2000 active and 1632 probably active fault-traces, while 30 traces result from historic surface-rupturing earthquakes since 464 BC. About 57% of faults exhibit strong depositional control (DC) on sedimentation patterns, with active faults being characterised by approximately equal numbers of sharp (32%), moderate (29%) and rounded (29%) scarps. AFG is the first fault database in Greece generated using nationwide interpretation of geomorphology and has applications in paleoseismology, seismic-hazard assessment, mineral-resources exploration, and resilience planning. Data Access: - Download archive version via GFZ Data Services (upper left) - Web-Map Server: https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/a6c85b1edf9d4d17a3f01a70cef6d2b2 - GIS Users: https://services2.arcgis.com/T7iULq65Kp9Elquk/arcgis/rest/services/Active_Faults_Greece/FeatureServer - Layerfiles for use in ArcGIS Pro and QGIS: https://noaig.maps.arcgis.com/sharing/rest/content/items/4b93c25b931744dabc4851abf9c8ae38/data
In July and August 2017, off-shore seismic measurements have been carried out south of Sri Lanka as part of the INGON project. Main aim of this part of the project was to study the deep structure of the continent-ocean transition south of Sri Lanka and the early plate drift of India and Sri Lanka. The marine profile was extended by 15 seismic stations on-shore Sri Lanka, of which the data is contained in this data publication (land observations of airgun sources). This dataset consists of the raw (continuous) data of the land recorders (in proprietary cube and MSEED formats) and the shot records (airgun sources) in SEGY-format (standard exchange format).
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