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SWIM Water Extent - Sentinel-1/2 - Daily

SWIM Water Extent is a global surface water product at 10 m pixel spacing based on Sentinel-1/2 data. The collection contains binary layers indicating open surface water for each Sentinel-1/2 scene. Clouds and cloud shadows are removed using ukis-csmask (see: https://github.com/dlr-eoc/ukis-csmask ) and are represented as NoData. The water extent extraction is based on convolutional neural networks (CNN). For further information, please see the following publications: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.05.022 and https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11192330

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI - Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), Level 3 - Global

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) as derived from TROPOMI observations. AOD describes the attenuation of the transmitted radiant power by the absence of aerosols. Attenuation can be caused by absorption and/or scattering. AOD is the primary parameter to evaluate the impact of aerosols on weather and climate. Daily AOD observations are binned onto a regular latitude-longitude grid. The TROPOMI instrument onboard the Copernicus SENTINEL-5 Precursor satellite is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer that provides global measurements of atmospheric properties and constituents on a daily basis. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and climate, providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the top of atmosphere solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. The operational trace gas products generated at DLR on behave ESA are: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4), together with clouds and aerosol properties. This product is created in the scope of the project INPULS. It develops (a) innovative retrieval algorithms and processors for the generation of value-added products from the atmospheric Copernicus missions Sentinel-5 Precursor, Sentinel-4, and Sentinel-5, (b) cloud-based (re)processing systems, (c) improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users, and (d) data visualization services.

Sentinel-5P TROPOMI – Cloud Optical Thickness (COT), Level 3 – Global

This product displays the Cloud Optical Thickness (COT) around the globe. Clouds play a crucial role in the Earth's climate system and have significant effects on trace gas retrievals. The cloud optical thickness is retrieved from the O2-A band using the ROCINN algorithm. The TROPOMI instrument aboard the SENTINEL-5P space craft is a nadir-viewing, imaging spectrometer covering wavelength bands between the ultraviolet and the shortwave infra-red. TROPOMI's purpose is to measure atmospheric properties and constituents. It is contributing to monitoring air quality and providing critical information to services and decision makers. The instrument uses passive remote sensing techniques by measuring the Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) solar radiation reflected by and radiated from the earth and its atmosphere. The four spectrometers of TROPOMI cover the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS), Near Infra-Red (NIR) and Short Wavelength Infra-Red (SWIR) domains of the electromagnetic spectrum, allowing operational retrieval of the following trace gas constituents: Ozone (O3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Formaldehyde (HCHO), Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Methane (CH4). Within the INPULS project, innovative algorithms and processors for the generation of Level 3 and Level 4 products, improved data discovery and access technologies as well as server-side analytics for the users are developed.

Elektronische Navigationskarten für Binnenschifffahrtsstraßen (IENC / Inland-ENCs)

Die IENC sind Elektronische Navigationskarten für Binnenschifffahrtsstraßen. Sie werden in Deutschland für die Wasserstraßen- und Schifffahrtsverwaltung des Bundes (WSV) von der Fachstelle für Geodäsie und Geoinformatik der WSV (FGeoWSV) hergestellt, herausgegeben und kostenfrei zur Verfügung gestellt.

Verpressen von heimischen Nebenstoffströmen zu hochwertigen Formteilen, Teilvorhaben: Umweltbezogene Lebenszyklusanalyse

Beratung der EU-Kommission und der European Environment Agency (EEA) zur internationalen Klimapolitik als Mitglied im European Topic Center on Air and Climate Change (ETC/ACC)

Amendment of Directive 2003/87/EC to address the full climate change impact of aviation

Tree Species - Sentinel-1/2 - Germany, 2022

The Tree Species Germany product provides a map of dominant tree species across Germany for the year 2022 at a spatial resolution of 10 meters. The map depicts the distribution of ten tree species groups derived from multi-temporal optical Sentinel-2 data, radar data from Sentinel-1, and a digital elevation model. The input features explicitly incorporate phenological information to capture seasonal vegetation dynamics relevant for species discrimination. A total of over 80,000 training and test samples were compiled from publicly accessible sources, including urban tree inventories, Google Earth Pro, Google Street View, and field observations. The final classification was generated using an XGBoost machine learning algorithm. The Tree Species Germany product achieves an overall F1-score of 0.89. For the dominant species pine, spruce, beech, and oak, class-wise F1-scores range from 0.76 to 0.98, while F1-scores for other widespread species such as birch, alder, larch, Douglas fir, and fir range from 0.88 to 0.96. The product provides a consistent, high-resolution, and up-to-date representation of tree species distribution across Germany. Its transferable, cost-efficient, and repeatable methodology enables reliable large-scale forest monitoring and offers a valuable basis for assessing spatial patterns and temporal changes in forest composition in the context of ongoing climatic and environmental dynamics.

Climate Protection Scenarios until 2050 Considering CO₂ Price Differences and Carbon Leakage - Central report

Two types of large-scale models with different modelling philosophies are used to quantify socioeconomic effects in scenarios in which the EU moves forward in climate policy and applies different design options under the EU emissions trading system (ETS) combined with a Carbon Border Adjustment (⁠ CBAM ⁠). One model, GEM-E3, is a computable general equilibrium model that follows neoclassical theory, while the other model, GINFORS-E, is a macroeconometric model that follows a post-Keynesian approach. The results of both models suggest that an effective CBAM plays a significant role in reducing the risk of carbon leakage. The key results on trade, production and emission effects also show, by and large, little quantitative variation between the two models, in spite of their different philosophies. This Central Report covers the results of the key policy scenarios on the EU-ETS design regarding allocation and the CBAM. It also includes some key sensitivity analyses on trade assumptions, climate policy ambition in major trading partner countries, extension of the CBAM to indirect emissions thereby replacing national schemes for compensating electricity prices from ETS, and (for GEM-E3) on the use of government revenues. Veröffentlicht in Climate Change | 74/2025.

Klimawirkung der energetischen Holznutzung

Strom und Wärme aus Holz kann nicht uneingeschränkt als erneuerbare Energie im Sinne der Pariser Klimaziele eingestuft werden. Das juristische Kurzgutachten untersucht, wie das geltende Recht die ⁠ Klimawirkung ⁠ der energetischen Holznutzung bewertet. Meist wird Holz nur dann als förderwürdig klassifiziert, wenn Nachhaltigkeits- und Treibhausgaseinsparungskriterien erfüllt sind. Das Gutachten analysiert den bestehenden Rechtsrahmen auf Inkonsistenzen, unterbreitet Vorschläge zur Harmonisierung, weist auf fehlende rechtliche Definitionen sowie Gesetzeslücken hin und übt insbesondere Kritik an der bestehenden Praxis in den Bereichen Bilanzierung, Emissionshandel und Verbraucherschutz. Für die Einführung einer Wärme-Nachhaltigkeitsverordnung müsste erst eine gesetzliche Ermächtigungsgrundlage geschaffen werden. Veröffentlicht in Climate Change | 65/2025.

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