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Field parameters and biochemical soil properties from NEP 1, NEP 2, NEP 3, Nördlingen, southern Germany

Soil physical-biogeochemical analyses were carried out on profiles NEP1, NEP2 and NEP3. Soil TC and TN were determined by CNS analysis, and total organic carbon (TOC) was determined by the difference between total inorganic carbon (TIC) and TC. Carbonate (CaCO₃) content was measured volumetrically using a Calcimeter and on air-dried, sieved (< 2 mm) and ground (ball mill) samples. The pH-values were measured on samples of profiles NEP1, NEP2, NEP3, which had less than 2% CaCO₃ content. Stable isotope ratios of δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N were analysed for the differentiation of C3 and C4 plants and the cultivation of legumes. The analyses were performed on air-dried, sieved (< 2mm) and ground (ball mill) samples. For ¹³C analysis, the soil samples were decarbonised with 10% HCl. In the field, separate samples were collected for the NEP1 and NEP2 profiles (28 samples in total) for analysis of urease activity and microbial biomass carbon (Cmic). Samples were stored at -18°C. Urease activity (enzyme analysis) is used to provide information on the input of urea and animal excrement. The mutual relationship between urease and Cmic was used to show and understand the past and present input of urea into the soil.

Flussmessstelle Nr. 2100 in Main, Bischofsheim, Messstation rechtes Ufer

Dieser Datensatz enthält Informationen zur Flussmessstelle Nr. 2100 in Main, Bischofsheim, Messstation rechtes Ufer. Auf der Webseite zur Messstelle ist ein Link zum Herunterladen der Rohdaten vorhanden.

Geophysical, Sedimentological and Geochemical Data from the Lower Havel Inner Delta (Gülpe Island), Brandenburg (Germany)

To investigate subsurface features in the Lower Havel River floodplain, we conducted Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) transects and Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) surveys at three different depths in 2023 and 2024. These near surface geophysical methods were complemented by 24 driving core drillings to relate the electrical properties with sedimentological characteristics. Additionally, five selected sediment cores were used for subsequent geochemical lab analyses (grain size, CNS, TOC, TIC). Electromagnetic induction (EMI) was measured with a CMD-Mini Explorer (GF Instruments s.r.o., Brno, Czech Republic) in June 2023 and June 2024. We used the vertical dipole (VDP) at coil spacings of 0.32 m (VDP1), 0.71 m (VDP2) and 1.18 m (VDP3), archieving effective penetration depths of 0.5 m (VDP1), 1.0 m (VDP2) and 1.8 m (VDP3). According to the manufacturer, 70% of the signal originate from above these depths. The EMI sensors measure the apparent electrical conductivity (ECa, in mS/m). Measurements were taken by carrying the instrument about 0.2 m above ground while being directly connected to D-GPS (Leica GPS1200) for positioning. The acquisition rate was five measurements per second. Data quality was checked by measuring a reference line before and after each measurement. The area investigated by EMI in June 2023 is located to the north and northeast of the Gülpe research station. It has a total area of 12.3 ha. The reference line was located in the southern part of the study area. No drift correction had to be applied due to good data quality. Reference lines and single outliers were removed. The area investigated by EMI in June 2024 is located southeast of the research station. The survey area there is 8.1 ha in size. The reference line for the measurements there was located in the north-westernmost area of the site. No drift correction had to be applied due to good data quality. Reference lines and single outliers were removed. The Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) data were acquired by using a PC controlled DC resistivity meter system (RESECS, Geoserve, Kiel, Germany). In total, we measured four ERT transects. Two transects in June 2023, where transect 1 had a total length of 259 m with an electrode spacing of 0.5 m and transect 2 had a total length of 223 m with an electrode spacing of 1 m. The measurements in 2023 were carried out under extreme dry conditions. Two further transects were measured in June 2024 with an electrode spacing of 1m, transect 3 with a total length of 207 m and transect 4 with a total length of 239 m. We applied wenner alpha and dipol-dipol configuration. The coordinates and the height of the electrodes were measured with a D-GPS (2023: TOPCON HiPer II / 2024: Leica GPS1200). Sediment cores were recovered using a hand-held Cobra Pro (Atlas Copco) core drilling system with a 60 mm diameter open corer. One-meter segments were retrieved and assessed in the field for sedimentological features, including estimations of grain size, carbonate content, humus content, and redox features (AG Boden 2005, 2024). Colour descriptions were carried out using the Munsell Soil Color Chart. The exact positions of the drilling points were recorded using a differential GPS device (TOPCON HiPer II). The cores were photographed, documented and sampled at 5–10 cm intervals for subsequent laboratory analyses. Bulk samples from five selected cores (RK1, RK3, RK13, RK15, RK17) were freeze-dried, sieved (2 mm), and weighed. Total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and total sulfur (TS) contents were measured using a CNS analyzer (Vario EL cube, Elementar). Inorganic carbon (TIC) was determined using calcimeter measurements (Scheibler method, Eijkelkamp). Organic carbon (TOC) was calculated as TOC = TC − TIC. For the grain size analyses, sediment samples were first sieved to <2 mm and subsamples of 10 g were treated with 50 ml of 35% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and gently heated to remove organic matter. Following this, 10 ml of 0.4 N sodium pyrophosphate solution (Na₄P₂O₇) was added to disperse the particles, and the suspension was subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 45 minutes. The sand fraction was analysed by dry sieving and classified into four size classes: coarse sand (2000–630 µm), medium sand (630–200 µm), fine sand (200–125 µm), and very fine sand (125–63 µm). Finer fractions were determined using X-ray granulometry (XRG) with a SediGraph III 5120 (Micromeritics). These included coarse silt (63–20 µm), medium silt (20–6.3 µm), fine silt (6.3–2.0 µm), coarse clay (2.0–0.6 µm), medium clay (0.6–0.2 µm), and fine clay (<0.2 µm).

Forest Canopy Cover Loss (FCCL) - Germany - Monthly, Administrative Level

This vector dataset is based on a 10 m resolution raster dataset that shows forest canopy cover loss (FCCL) in Germany at a monthly resolution from September 2017 to October 2025. Results at pixel level were aggregated at municipality, district, and federal state level. For the results at administrative level we differentiate between deciduous and coniferous forests. We use the stocked area map 2018 (Langner et al. 2022, https://doi.org/10.3220/DATA20221205151218 ) as a reference forest mask. We differentiate between deciduous and coniferous forests by intersecting the stocked area map with a tree species map (Blickensdoerfer et al. 2024). Pixels of the classes birch, beech, oak, alder, deciduous trees with long lifespan and deciduous trees with short lifespan were classified as deciduous forest and pixels of the classes Douglas fir, spruce, pine, larch and fir as coniferous forest. The coverage of the two datasets is not identical, which is why a few areas of the forest reference map remained unclassified. These were filled with the dominant leaf type map of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (CLMS 2025). Therefore, the vector data at administrative level contains information about unclassified forest areas and the total forest area as the sum of deciduous, coniferous, and unclassified forests. The FCCL confidence at pixel level is lowest at the end of the time series because the number of repeated threshold exceedance is used as a criterion to record forest canopy cover losses. Therefore, we excluded August 2024 through October 2025 from the annual and overall statistics and summarized the respective FCCL as additional attribute. The dataset provides an update of the assessment in Thonfeld et al. (2026).

Potentiale für Strommarkterlöse unter Einbeziehung von Emissionshandel und EEG für Bioenergieanlagen

Flussmessstelle Nr. 2200 in Lahn, Solms-Oberbiel, Messstation

Dieser Datensatz enthält Informationen zur Flussmessstelle Nr. 2200 in Lahn, Solms-Oberbiel, Messstation. Auf der Webseite zur Messstelle ist ein Link zum Herunterladen der Rohdaten vorhanden.

ICDP Operational Dataset: Geological Research through Integrated Neoproterozoic Drilling: The Ediacaran-Cambrian Transition (GRIND-ECT)

The GRIND project (Geological Research through Integrated Neoproterozoic Drilling) aims to establish a comprehensive drill core archive of the Neoproterozoic Era through three phases: Tonian (GRIND-TON), Cryogenian (GRIND-CRY), and the Ediacaran–Cambrian Transition (GRIND-ECT). The GRIND-ECT phase, the first to be completed, investigates environmental change and biological turnover of the late Ediacaran leading to the Cambrian Explosion. GRIND-ECT drilling targeted mixed siliciclastic–carbonate successions in Namibia and Brazil, with drilling conducted during operational campaigns in 2019 and 2022. A total of eight fully cored boreholes were completed, recovering more than 2.6 km of HQ core with consistently high recovery. All cores were split, documented, and archived at the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) core shed in Berlin-Spandau, Germany This report documents the ICDP operational dataset produced during Expedition 5064 and provides guidance on its structure, content, and use. The dataset comprises metadata, tabular data, and extensive image collections exported from the ICDP mobile Drilling Information System (mDIS), including site, hole, core, section, sample, lithology, and drilling records. All data are linked through ICDP combined identifiers and International Generic Sample Numbers (IGSNs), providing a robust and FAIR-compliant foundation for ongoing and future studies of the Ediacaran–Cambrian transition.

Inorganic geochemistry of sedimentary rocks in the catchment of river Thuringian Saale during the last 600 Ma

A literature retrieval was performed for whole rock geochemical analyses of sedimentary, magmatic and metamorphic rocks in the catchment of River Thuringian Saale for the past 600 Ma. Considering availability and coincidence with paleontological an facies data the following indicators seem suitable to detect environmental and climatic changes: biogenic P for Paleoproductivity, STI Index for weathering intensity, Ni/Co-ratio for redox conditions, relative enrichments of Co, Ba and Rb versus crustal values for volcanic activity at varying differentiation. The Mg/Ca-ratio as proxy for salinity is applicable in evaporites. The binary plot Nb/Y versus Zr/TiO2 indicates a presently eroded volcanic level of the Bohemian Massif as catchment area for the Middle Bunter, whereas higly differentiated volcanics provided source material for Neoproterozoic greywackes. A positive Eu-anomaly is limited to the Lower Bunter and implies mafic source rocks perhaps formerly located in the Bohemian Massif.

Emissionshandel: 21 Milliarden Euro fließen in den Klima- und Transformationsfonds

Die Einnahmen aus dem europäischen und dem nationalen Emissionshandel lagen in Deutschland im Jahr 2025 bei 21,4 Milliarden Euro. Die Erlöse aus diesen beiden zentralen marktwirtschaftlichen Klimaschutzinstrumenten lagen damit deutlich über dem Ergebnis des Vorjahres (18,5 Milliarden Euro). Dies berichtet die Deutsche Emissionshandelsstelle (DEHSt) im Umweltbundesamt (UBA). Die Erlöse fließen vollständig in den Klima- und Transformationsfonds (KTF), der als Finanzierungsinstrument einen zentralen Beitrag zur Erreichung der energie- und klimapolitischen Ziele Deutschlands leistet.

KOSMOS 2023 Helgoland mesocosm study on ocean alkalinity enhancement: sediment trap particle flux data and water column biogeochemistry

The data presented herein originates from a mesocosm study conducted as part of the BMBF CDRmare, Retake project (grant agreement no. 03F0895A), aimed at investigating the ecological ramifications of ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE). Twelve mesocosms were deployed in Helgoland South Harbor, Germany, and systematically sampled using integrated water samplers over the period spanning from March 12th to April 20th, 2023. Six alkalinity levels under two dilution scenarios were established to differentiate between localized and uniform OAE additions. Alkalinity was increased stepwise to ΔTAmax = 1250 μmol kg-1 (250 μmol TA kg-1 increments) using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with calcium chloride (CaCl2) to simulate cation release during calcium-based mineral dissolution, causing strong carbonate chemistry perturbations (e.g., pHT > 9.25). The dataset encompasses a spectrum of sediment trap particle flux data, water column biogeochemistry including pigment variables, inorganic nutrients, carbonate chemistry parameters. The study and data set offer insights into impacts of alkalinity enhancement on marine ecosystems and their associated biogeochemistry.

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