The final goal of the EUROWET project is to integrate the substantial multidisciplinary European research in wetlands to help attain the sustainable management of the water cycle. This will be achieved by the translation of state-of-the art science developed at both national and European levels, into practical guidance for end-users. This will be achieved by a comprehensive review, expert assessment and a focussed dissemination strategy. There is considerable scientific knowledge and technical experience gained in diverse aspects of wetland science and management including hydrology, biogeochemistry, ecology restoration, socio-economic and policy analysis. However the results of research and management experience are still too fragmentary and not sufficiently orientated to problem-solving or simply inadequately framed to be effectively transferred to, or used by, stakeholders and policy-makers. Simultaneously the general outcome of the scientific research has been increased awareness of the significance of wetlands in delivering goods and services important for human welfare including quality of life, biodiversity conservation and maintenance or enhancement of environment quality. Despite this wetlands continue to be degraded and lost throughout Europe without adequate consideration of the wider benefits to be achieved from this management. The new Water Framework Directive (WFD) promotes a unique opportunity to redress this problem by means of the holistic, integrated approach to water management. There is currently in preparation horizontal guidance on Wetlands as part of the Common Implementation Strategy (CIS) process. There is however work still to be done on providing more specific scientific and technical guidance on the effective implementation of the Directive with respect to wetlands. This is particularly the case in relation to Integrated River Management, the CIS cluster within which wetlands are being considered in the WFD.
The flexographic/gravure printing industry produces a significant amount of waste (61000 tons of ink waste paste/year in Europe). Until now, most of the conventional technologies to treat waste ink are based on incineration. Due to the substances of content ( solvents, pigments, resins), this generates a considerable environmental impact (CO2, nitrogen oxides, PAHs). The EU has recognized this problem and has introduced a new legislation: the revised Waste Framework Directive obliges to recycle at least 70Prozent of the industrial waste and to establish a sustainable waste management plan till the end of 2013. The 'Olax 22 process' is a new advanced waste ink recycling technology based on a closed loops system employing a distillation process. In order to adapt the technology developed in the laboratory at industrial level, the environmental, socio-ecologic and economic impacts have to be defined. Appropriate recommendations for a systemic implementation strategy and policy will also be developed. Aims: 1. General objectives of the project The aim of the European ECO-INNOVERA research project SuWAS is to evaluate the adequacy of the 'Olax 22 process' as a waste ink recycling technology and to elaborate a systemic implementation strategy and policy recommendations. 2. Objectives of the contribution of EPFL in this project The contribution of EPFL (through the group STI IGM LICP) is the realization of the environmental assessment of the ' Olax 22 process' using the methods of EIA (environmental impact assessment) and LCA (life cycle assessment).
Im Durchschnitt wurden 2007 in der Europäischen Union (EU 27) 522 kg kommunaler Abfälle pro Person erzeugt. Das kommunale Abfallaufkommen pro Person lag zwischen 294 kg in der Tschechischen Republik und 801 kg in Dänemark. In Deutschland wurden 564 kg kommunale Abfälle pro Person erzeugt. Die Methoden der Abfallbehandlung unterscheiden sich ebenfalls deutlich zwischen den Mitgliedstaaten. In der EU27 wurden 2007 42% der behandelten kommunalen Abfälle deponiert, 20% verbrannt, 22% recycelt und 17% kompostiert. Die Mitgliedsstaaten mit den höchsten Recyclinganteilen bei kommunalem Abfall waren Deutschland (46%), Belgien (39%), Schweden (37%). Diese Angaben werden von Eurostat, dem Statistischen Amt der Europäischen Gemeinschaften, veröffentlicht.
The adoption of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive 91/271/EEC imposes the sewage sludge to be subsequently treated so it is expected by 2005 to increase twofold in comparison whit 1992. However, classical incineration to treat this vast amount of sludge must be no longer accepted from an environmental point of view. In addition, the Sewage Sludge Directive 86/278/EEC regulates the uses and properties of stabilised sludge for being either recycled or disposed. Both directives drive specific actions in two complementary ways. Firstly, a deep knowledge of current sludge treatment, such as mesophilic, thermophilic or autothermophilic processes, must be promoted to solve that problem in the UE ambit, taking in account the particular considerations of each treatment facility. In second place, the development of new processes must be supported to open new alternatives that could valorise that waste.The proposal aims at developing strategies for the disposal and reuse of waste sludge. The scope envisages to develop several processes for reducing both amount and toxicity of sludge, with simultaneous transformation into green energy vectors such as methane or hydrogen. In outline, mesophilic and mainly thermophilic and autothermophilic conditions will be deeply explored as classical alternatives for sludge stabilisation, assuring sanitary conditions of the treated sludge. Also, valuable materials will be obtained from sludge, such as activated carbons, which will be used in conventional adsorption processes and in innovative advanced oxidation processes.The main outcomes expected at the end of the projects are guidelines for technology selection in agreement with the geographic, economic and technical characteristics of the sewage plants, demonstration of the feasibility of new applications for the sewage sludge, manufacturing of activated carbon from sludge sewage as innovative recycling of sludge waste, and a deep understanding of the methods involved. Prime Contractor: Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
Der Projektzeitraum war vom 1. September 2007 bis 31. Januar 2010. Das Projektkonsortium umfasste 11 Serbische Partnerinstitutionen, sowie 4 EU-Partnerinstitutionen. Das Projekt wurde von der Europäischen Kommission im Rahmen des Tempus Programms genehmigt und gefördert. Der Zuschussempfänger war die Technische Universität Wien, Österreich. Die Projektkosten betrugen 293521 Euro einschließlich der Projektförderung von 278845 Euro. Projektziele: - Verbesserung des vorhandenen Systems für Ingenieurweiterbildung in Serbien- Entwicklung fortgeschrittener, praxisorientierter Weiterbildungskurse in den Bereichen Europäische Umweltrichtlinien und -normen, Abfallmanagement und moderne Umwelttechnologien
Many current water-related RTD projects have already established operational links with practitioners, in several catchments / river basins, which allow the needs of policymakers to be taken into account. However, experience has shown that this interrelationship is not as efficient as it could / should be. Often, RTD results are not easily available to policy oriented implementer (policymakers) and, vice versa, research scientists may lack insight in the needs of policymakers. This project proposes a number of concrete actions to bridge these gaps in communication by developing and implementing a science-policy interface, focusing on setting up a mechanism to enhance the use of RTD results in the Water Framework Directive (WFD) implementation. As a first action, existing science-policy links will be investigated. RTD and LIFE projects that are of direct relevance for the implementation of the WFD will be identified and analysed. The results of these projects will be extracted, translated and synthesised in a way that can efficiently feed the WFD implementation. Secondly, an information system (WISE-RTD Web Portal) will be further developed to cater for an efficient and easy to use tool for dissemination as well as retrieval of RTD results. The Web Portal will be tested in 4 selected river basins to better tune the product to the needs of WFD stakeholders, policymakers and scientists. In parallel, the Web Portal will be disseminated to WFD stakeholders. This dissemination will focus on how to better access and use the RTD results and practical experiences. As third action, this science-policy interfacing of WFD related topics will be extended to non-EU countries taking into account their specific needs. An assessment of recent practices and needs of non-EU countries, together with an in-depth analysis of the operational needs in two Mediterranean pilot river basins, will allow to prepare recommendations for an efficient transfer of knowledge. Prime Contactor; Hydroscan NV; Leuven; Belgium.
FOOTPRINT aims at developing a suite of three pesticide risk prediction and management tools, for use by three different end-user communities: farmers and extension advisors at the farm scale, water managers at the catchment scale and policy makers/registration authorities at the national/EU scale. The tools will be based on state-of-the-art knowledge of processes, factors and landscape attributes influencing pesticide fate in the environment and will integrate innovative components which will allow users to: i) identify the dominant contamination pathways and sources of pesticide contamination in the landscape; ii) estimate pesticide concentrations in local groundwater resources and surface water abstraction sources; iii) make scientifically-based assessments of how the implementation of mitigation strategies will reduce pesticide contamination of adjacent water resources. The three tools will share the same overall philosophy and underlying science and will therefore provide a coherent and integrated solution to pesticide risk assessment and risk reduction from the scale of the farm to the EU scale. The predictive reliability and usability of the tools will be assessed through a substantial programme of piloting and evaluation tests at the field, farm, catchment and national scales. The tools developed within FOOTPRINT will allow stakeholders to make consistent and robust assessments of the risk of contamination to water bodies at a range of scales relevant to management, mitigation and regulation (farm, catchment and national/EU). They will in particular i) allow pesticide users to assess whether their pesticide practices ensure the protection of local water bodies and, ii) provide site-specific mitigation recommendations. The FOOTPRINT tools are expected to make a direct contribution to the revision of the Directive 91/414/EC, the implementation of the Water Framework Directive and the future Thematic Strategy on the Sustainable Use of Pesticides. Prime Contractor: Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières; Paris; France.
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