Active volcanoes frequently show substantial topographic changes and variable eruption intensity, style and/or directionality. Here we provide high-resolution photogrammetric data sets of Stromboli’s crater terrace collected during 5 field campaigns between May 2019 and January 2020 supporting the publication Schmid, M, Kueppers U, Ricci T, Taddeucci J, Civico R and Dingwell DB (2021) “Characterizing Vent and Crater Shape Changes at Stromboli: Implications for Risk Areas”.
The aerial imagery for the photogrammetric reconstruction of the crater terrace geometry was acquired by UAVs (DJI Phantom 4Pro+ & Mavic 2 Pro) and processed with the commercial software Metashape by Agisoft. The created digital elevation models (DEMs), orthomosaics and 3D models were used to characterize vent and crater shape and their changes through time. The activity during the observational period was characterized by elevated Strombolian activity and two paroxysms on 3 July and 28 August 2019.
Our study revealed significant changes to crater terrace morphology and vent geometry on various time scales and the strong control of vent geometry on the directionality of explosions.
Steam-driven eruptions are explosions that frequently occur in volcanic and geothermal areas. They are powered by the sudden release and expansion of steam and liquid water trapped under high pressure within the pore spaces of host rocks. We have experimentally studied how the strength of rock hosting steam and liquid controls the nature of explosions based on examples from Lake Okaro (New Zealand). Specifically, we used experiments to estimate the relative amounts of energy that goes into breaking rock up, versus that required for ejecting particles upwards and outwards. Here we report the main methodological approach and results of petrophysical properties analyses, decompression experiments and estimation of explosivity of water, respectively.