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Verminderung geruchsintensiver und alkoholhaltiger Abgasemissionen aus der Herstellung von Keramikformen einer Feingiesserei durch Biofilter

Bei der Herstellung keramischer Formen werden beim Tauchen der Modelle zur Aushaertung alkoholhaltige Bindemittel eingesetzt, die im Verlauf des Haerteprozesses verdampfen. Die dabei entstehende Abluft enthaelt Ethanolkonzentrationen. Weitere organische Abgasbestandteile fuehren zur Geruchsbelastung. In einem Biofilter, der als Etagenfilter in Modulbauweise 166 m3= 3000 m3 Luft/h dividiert durch 180 m3 Filtermaterial errichtet und fuer eine spezifische Belastung von m3 Abgas pro Stunde und m3 Filtervolumen ausgelegt wird, sollen 30.000 m3 Abluft pro Stunde gereinigt werden. Das Filtermaterial besteht aus einem biologisch aktivem Kompost-Gemisch.

Ecosystem functions of rare arable plants - field study: Araneae data

Partly taken from the materials and methods of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.003: To compare the activity densities of ground-dwelling predators between treatments with and without RAPs, spiders were sampled using pitfall traps, which were set up after each round of aphid counting (one per plot, twice per year; Brown & Matthews, 2016). The traps (with a volume of 400 ml and a width of 90 mm) were filled with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (1:1; 120 ml) and dug at ground level into the middle of each plot. The traps were covered with a plastic roof and a metal grid (15 × 15 mm grid size) to avoid overflowing during rain and accidental rodent catches (Császár et al., 2018). The traps were activated for 7 days. Subsequently, all arthropods were transferred into 70% ethanol. Spiders were identified to species according to Nentwig et al. (2019). Spider hunting strategy (active hunter or web-builder) was used as the feeding trait according to Cardoso et al. (2011).

Erforschung und Entwicklung emissionsneutraler Brennstoffzellengroßsysteme mit Methanolreformierung im Multi-Megawatt Bereich, Vorhaben: Entwicklung der hybriden Multi-MW Methanol- und Brennstoffzelleninfrastruktur an Bord

Dissolved organic matter molecular composition data for multiple oceanographic cruises with RV SONNE (SO254, SO245, SO248) and RV POLARSTERN (PS79), Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study and Hawaii Ocean Time-series

This data includes the dissolved organic matter (DOM) molecular composition data obtained via Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry for multiple oceanographic cruises collected in the Atlantic, Pacific and Southern oceans (HOTS, BATS, SO254, SO245, SO248, ANT 28-II, ANT 28-IV, and 28-V) between 2009 and 2017. This analysis was conducted to assess the molecular composition of DOM in the context of ocean mixing. DOM was extracted and desalted using the solid phase extraction method as described in Dittmar et al. 2008. The extracts were stored frozen in methanol until analysis in 2019, when aliquots of the extracts were mixed with 50% ultrapure water (50:50 v/v) and diluted to a final carbon concentration of 2.5 ppm. DOM composition was determined on a SolariX XR FT-ICR-MS (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany) equipped with a 15 Tesla superconducting magnet and an electrospray ionization source (ESI; Bruker Apollo II ion source) in negative ion mode, as described in (Bercovici, Dittmar, and Niggemann 2022). Subsequent data processing and molecular formula assignment was conducted in ICBM-OCEAN, as described in (Merder et al. 2020).

Chlorophyll a, extracellular polymeric substance concentration and 16S rRNA gene copy numbers in saltmarsh sediments in response to a storm surge

Samples were taken to study the effect of storm surges on ecosystem functioning of salt marsh microbial communities. Sediment samples were collected from experimental salt marsh islands located in the back-barrier tidal flats of Spiekeroog Island, German North Sea (53°45′N, 7°43′E). The islands consist of three elevation zones (0.7 m, 1.0 m, and 1.3 m above mean sea level), corresponding to pioneer zone, lower salt marsh, and upper salt marsh. Six islands were sampled (three initially bare; three transplanted with lower salt marsh sediment and vegetation). Sampling was conducted in September 2022 (pre-disturbance), March 2023 (post-winter storm surges), and August 2023 (recovery phase). Surface sediments (upper 2 cm) were collected using syringe cores. Pooled samples were analyzed for chlorophyll a as a proxy for microphytobenthos biomass using ethanol extraction and spectrophotometric pigment analysis. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were quantified using EDTA extraction followed by phenol–sulfuric acid carbohydrate analysis. DNA was extracted from sediment subsamples using a Qiagen PowerSoil kit. Prokaryotic abundance was estimated by quantitative PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene (primers 519F/907R), using an Escherichia coli 16S rRNA gene standard curve. The dataset includes chlorophyll a concentrations (µg g⁻¹ dry sediment), EPS carbohydrate concentrations, and prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene copy numbers for all sampling times, elevations, and treatments.

Water and sediment analysis from column experiments

This data set contains data from water analyses from column experiments. The water analyses included cations (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron and manganese), anions (nitrate, chloride, sulphate, bromide and phosphate) and selected trace elements (arsenic, cobalt, nickel, vanadium and zinc). The column experiments were conducted with two different types of unconsolidated sandy sediments from aquifers in Denmark (Quaternary) and Germany (Cretaceous). In both sediments, the nitrate degradation capacity was almost exhausted. To induce denitrification, 5 mmol ethanol was added to the column experiments. This also caused a decrease in the concentration of trace elements in the water. A sequential extraction procedure was performed to determine the trace element sinks. The data set therefore also contains contents of selected elements (equal to water analyses) from the sequential extraction procedure of the sediment before and after the column tests. The results observed in the laboratory were additionally modeled with Phreeqc. The Phreeqc input data complete the data set.

DNA metabarcoding data of arthropods captured with different traps in the southwestern German agricultural landscape

<p>The dataset contains data on arthropods which was derived from DNA metabarcoding. The DNA metabarcoding was performed for samples from coloured canopy Malaise traps, caterpillar traps, branch sampling and blue and white pan traps. The traps were selected to capture predominantly flying insects, especially butterflies and hoverflies. They were placed as a defined set in four different habitat types: 'Forest (Beech and oak)', 'Centre of a short rotation coppice', 'Margin of a short rotation coppice' and 'Maize field'. There existed three replicates of each habitat type. The coloured canopy Malaise traps were equipped with blue, yellow and white cotton cloth panels (50 x 35 cm) and hung in a wooden frame four metres above ground. The caterpillar traps consisted of a dark-green plastic tarpaulin, which was stretched between trees and tapered towards the ground. At its lowest point, insects were collected with a capture bottle, which was attached to the tarpoulin with a fine gauze. The branch sampling was conducted by tabbing 100 tree branches and shaking ten trees at each site. In the corn fields, the shaking was replaced by another interval of tabbing. The blue and white pan traps were placed next to each other on a wooden table, one metre above ground. The pans were enlarged at the top with fine gauze to prevent from overfloating in the case of rain. All insects were captured and stored in 96.6% ethanol. The traps were operated in 15-day sampling intervals, each in June, July and August 2021. For DNA metabarcoding, the samples of each sampling interval and method were compiled. The DNA metabarcoding was performed following the method of Hausmann et al (2020): 'Toward a standardized quantitative and qualitative insect monitoring scheme. Ecology and Evolution, 10, 4009–4020'. Briefly, a lysis volume of 5-10 ml of the dried and homogenized composite samples was used for DNA extraction. The mitochondrial Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I gene (COI) was amplified for species identification (see Leray et al. (2013): 'A new versatile primer set targeting a short fragment of the mitochondrial COI region for metabarcoding metazoan diversity: application for characterizing coral reef fish gut contents. Frontiers in Zoology, 10, 34' and Morinière et al. (2016): 'Species Identification in Malaise Trap Samples by DNA Barcoding Based on NGS Technologies and a Scoring Matrix. PLOS ONE, 11, e0155497'. The resulting metabarcoding data contains the OTU sequences from the samples and their corresponding identities from the Barcode of Life database (BOLD, Ratnasingham and Hebert 2007), the database of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and the Ribosomal Database Project (RDP) classifier. For the two databases, the overlap between the OTU sequence and the database entry determined the determination depth (97-100%: species, 95-97%: genus; 90-95%. family, 85-90%: order, 80-85%: class, 75-80%: phylum, &lt;75%: domain). Each taxonomic determination level of the RDP-classifier is additionally displayed with a bootstrap value. The table also provides data on the red list Germany and Bavaria for each entry.</p><p>The dataset is used in: Hoffmann, L. &amp; Stoll, S. (2025) Catch effectiveness, complementarity and costs of five sampling techniques for flying insects across different land use types. Insect Conservation and Diversity, 1–12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12839</p>

Ecosystem functions of rare arable plants - field experiment: Araneae data

Partly taken from the materials and methods of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.003: To compare the activity densities of ground-dwelling predators between treatments with and without RAPs, spiders were sampled using pitfall traps, which were set up after each round of aphid counting (one per plot, twice per year; Brown & Matthews, 2016). The traps (with a volume of 400 ml and a width of 90 mm) were filled with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (1:1; 120 ml) and dug at ground level into the middle of each plot. The traps were covered with a plastic roof and a metal grid (15 × 15 mm grid size) to avoid overflowing during rain and accidental rodent catches (Császár et al., 2018). The traps were activated for 7 days. Subsequently, all arthropods were transferred into 70% ethanol. Spiders were identified to species according to Nentwig et al. (2019). Spider hunting strategy (active hunter or web-builder) was used as the feeding trait according to Cardoso et al. (2011).

Ecosystem functions of rare arable plants - field experiment: Carabidae data

Partly taken from the materials and methods of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.003: To compare the activity densities of ground-dwelling predators between treatments with and without RAPs, carabids were sampled using pitfall traps, which were set up after each round of aphid counting (one per plot, twice per year; Brown & Matthews, 2016). The traps (with a volume of 400 ml and a width of 90 mm) were filled with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (1:1; 120 ml) and dug at ground level into the middle of each plot. The traps were covered with a plastic roof and a metal grid (15 × 15 mm grid size) to avoid overflowing during rain and accidental rodent catches (Császár et al., 2018). The traps were activated for 7 days. Subsequently, all arthropods were transferred into 70% ethanol. Carabids were identified to species according to Hůrka (1996). Carabid feeding behavior was classified according to Homburg et al. (2014). To simplify the dataset, carabid feeding behavior was classified as predominantly granivorous (species mainly feed on seeds and fruits) or as carnivorous/omnivorous, because carnivorous and omnivorous species are potentially feeding on aphids and other non-plant material.

Ecosystem functions of rare arable plants - field study: Carabidae data

Partly taken from the materials and methods of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.003: To compare the activity densities of ground-dwelling predators between treatments with and without RAPs, carabids were sampled using pitfall traps, which were set up after each round of aphid counting (one per plot, twice per year; Brown & Matthews, 2016). The traps (with a volume of 400 ml and a width of 90 mm) were filled with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (1:1; 120 ml) and dug at ground level into the middle of each plot. The traps were covered with a plastic roof and a metal grid (15 × 15 mm grid size) to avoid overflowing during rain and accidental rodent catches (Császár et al., 2018). The traps were activated for 7 days. Subsequently, all arthropods were transferred into 70% ethanol. Carabids were identified to species according to Hůrka (1996). Carabid feeding behavior was classified according to Homburg et al. (2014). To simplify the dataset, carabid feeding behavior was classified as predominantly granivorous (species mainly feed on seeds and fruits) or as carnivorous/omnivorous, because carnivorous and omnivorous species are potentially feeding on aphids and other non-plant material.

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