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Untersuchung von Erschuetterungsauswirkungen durch Ramm- und Ruettelgeraete auf erdverlegte Rohrleitungen

Im Tiefbaubereich werden Ramm- und Verdichtungs- (Ruettel-) Arbeiten durchgefuehrt, deren Schwingungsbelastungen sich im Untergrund fortpflanzen und Auswirkungen auf Bauwerke haben. erschuetterungserzeugende Geraete sind vor allem Bodenverdichter sowie Rammen oder Meissel zum Einbringen von Bauteilen oder z.B. zum Brechen von Fahrbahndecken. Fuer erschuetterungsempfindliche Bauwerke wie z.B. fuer erdverlegte Versorgungsleitungen, Gebaeude oder auch Gebaeudeeinrichtungen (z.B. Rechenzentrum) muessen entweder die Emissionen reduziert oder es muss ein ausreichender Immissionsschutz hergestellt werden. Einen gleichen Stellenwert wie der bauliche Erschuetterungsschutz haben Erschuetterungseinwirkungen auf Menschen in Gebaeuden. Die Erschuetterungsausbreitung im Untergrund ist in hohem Masse von den Untergrundverhaeltnissen, den eingesetzten Geraetschaften sowie von der Gelaendegeometrie abhaengig. Speziell fuer erdverlegte Versorgungsleitungen ist der Einfluss der Bettung von Bedeutung. Das Randwertproblem ist in der Fachliteratur bislang nur unter Beruecksichtigung idealisierter Annahmen behandelt. Als Einwirkungen auf den Untergrund wird ein breites Spektrum der Frequenzen sowie wirkenden Energien betrachtet. Die Stoffgesetze fuer die anstehenden Boeden enthalten sowohl die Parameter Saettigungsgrad als auch die hysteretische Daempfung. In Parameterstudien ist ausser einer Variation des Abstandes zwischen Erregerquelle und dem zu beurteilenden Punkt auch eine Variation geometrischer Groessen des Bauwerkes vorgesehen. Zentraler Punkt sind Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Einbettungs- und Ueberschuettungsbedingungen. Im Hinblick auf Sackungen unterhalb der Rohrleitung sind vor allem auch die Auswirkungen einer Ueberhoehung der Schwingungsamplitude zu untersuchen. Als numerisches Verfahren ist die FEM herangezogen. Die Abbildung des Halbraumes erfolgt mit Hilfe infiniter Elemente. Zur Ueberpruefung der Guete der numerischen Ergebnisse sind fuer einfache, genau definierte Faelle Feldmessungen vorgesehen.

Evaluierung der stromwirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen des Energiedienstleistungsprogramms der FEW für die Haushaltskunden

Colombian emeralds – internal and external growth and dissolution features

Emeralds from Colombia are among the most highly-prized and valuable gemstones. Their growth phenomena including information about the geology of the area were described in detail by Pig-natelli et al. (2015, 2022) and Schmetzer and Martayan (2023). Here, we present data obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron microprobe analysis (EMPA), and infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR) for five emerald crystals. The surface of the crystals shows both, growth phe-nomena as well as dissolution phenomena, the latter as etch pits (EP). Such EP have been used previously for other beryl types, mainly from pegmatitic environments (Kurumathoor and Franz, 2018); the Colombian emeralds come from low-grade metamorphosed black shales and thus offer the possibility to extend the use of EP as a provenance indicator to other types of beryl deposits. Internal structures are manifested in chemical zoning, investigated by EMPA and micro-X-ray fluo-rescence (µXRF). The crystals are characterized chemically by EMPA, polarized IR spectroscopy of oriented crystals showed the presence of fluids in the channels of the beryl structure.

Geochemistry and petrology of black opal in the pegmatites from Volyn (Ukraine)

Black opal is a rare variety of opal-CT, which is pigmented by organic matter (OM) and can therefore be considered as an example of geo-bio interaction (Gouzy et al., 2025). The locality of Volyn, Ukraine with its famous chamber pegmatites is well-known for interaction between OM and igneous rocks (Franz et al., 2017). The locality was recently renamed Khoroshiv, but because in the geological-mineralogical literature the name Volyn was introduced, we use this name here. The intrusion of the pegmatites is closely connected to the intrusion of the host rocks, granites of the southwestern part of the Korosten Pluton, and the intrusion age was determined as 1.76 Ga (Shumlyanskyy et al., 2021). OM was identified as kerite (fossilized remains of organisms; Franz et al., 2023, and references therein), and in fluid inclusions in beryl and topaz (Vozniak et al., 2012; Vozniak and Pavlyshin, 2008). Furthermore, formation of NH4-bearing feldspar (buddingtonite) and muscovite (tobelite) in breccia (identified together with the pegmatites) point to the interaction between decayed OM and the igneous minerals (Franz et al., 2017). The timing of the interaction between OM and igneous (and other) fluids is an important question (Franz et al., 2024), and therefore we also give age constraints on the formation of the black opal, which from textural arguments seems to be one of the latest mineral formations. We give detailed information about the sample sites, the macroscopic features of the samples of different types of opal, and the analytical procedures. The description of the black opal samples is presented in images from secondary electron microscopy (SEM), back-scattered electron images (BSE) obtained with by electron microprobe (EMPA), element distribution maps obtained by µXRF (X-ray fluorescence), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (IR), and X-ray powder (XRD) characterization. Chemical analyses were obtained by wave-length dispersive (WDS) analyses with the EMPA as well as by energy-dispersive (EDX) analyses with both the SEM and the EMPA instruments, to identify and characterize inclusions in the black opal. Trioctahedral Li-mica (polylithionite) is included by opal in one sample, and because this type of mica has not been described in detail from the Volyn peg-matites, we present the EMPA analytical data here in detail. The presence of OM, which is known to absorb U in sufficient amounts, allows dating by the U-Pb decay system. The results of the isotopic dating with the laser-ablation sector-field inductively-coupled mass spectroscopy system (LA-SF-ICP-MS) is presented for the selected individual do-mains in three samples. The operating conditions are summarized in a separated pdf document.

Einfluss von Phytinsaeure und Phytase auf die Bioverfuegbarkeit von Mineralstoffen sowie Spurenelementen und von Cadmium beim Monogastrier

Ziel ist die Reduktion des Einsatzes von mineralischem Phosphor in der Tierernaehrung (eventuell auch von Spurenelementen) bei gleichzeitiger Verbesserung der Verfuegbarkeit des nativen Phytinphosphors durch Phytasezusatz zum Futter. Damit kann insgesamt eine wesentliche Reduktion des P-Austrages in der Guelle erreicht werden.

Reduzierung der Geraeuschemission an grossflaechigen Motorenbauteilen

Zur Einhaltung der stetig steigenden Anforderungen des Gesetzgebers, aber auch der Endverbraucher gilt es, die Geraeuschabstrahlung der Automobile und hierbei insbesondere der Motoren zu reduzieren. Mit Hilfe experimenteller und vor allem numerischer Methoden werden neue Konzepte der Reduktion der Schallabstrahlung entwickelt und bewertet.

Multibeam bathymetry processed data (RESON SeaBat T50-P working area dataset) of RV LITTORINA during cruise L22-04

Bathymetry was acquired with a RESON T50-P multibeam 400 kHz system (resolution: 0.5x1.0°) with acquisition software QINSy (QPS) onboard RV LITTORINA during cruise L22-04 in the CONMAR reference area in the German Baltic Sea (2022-04-25 - 2022-04-29). The raw data format is *db. For enhanced positioning and height correction, RTK (Real Time Kinematics) was used. Data was processed in terms of point cleaning, patchtest calibration and refraction correction with Qimera (QPS) and exported as geotif grid with 0.25 m cell size (CRS: UTM32 / EPSG:32632). The data products were created in the context of the DAM (German Marine Research Alliance), CONMAR research project.

Multibeam bathymetry processed data (KONGSBERG EM712 working area dataset) of RV HEINCKE during cruise HE622, Steingrund, North Sea

Multibeam bathymetry processed data (KONGSBERG EM712 multibeam echosounder) was collected onboard RV HEINCKE during cruise HE622 in the German North Sea (2023-06-06 - 2023-06-20). The raw data (.all format) were processed using QPS Qimera software (v 1.7), based on the following workflow: 0.Raw data > 1.Apply correct Sound Velocity Profiles -> 2.Create dynamic surface (shallow Mode) -> 3.Apply Spline Filter (Medium/Weak) > 4. Finalize with manual 2D and 3D editing, -> 5.Export in GeoTIFF format and projected in the UTM32N coordinate system (EPSG:32632). The bathymetry dataset here is gridded at 0.50 m resolution. The data products were created in the context of the DAM (German Marine Research Alliance), CONMAR research project.

Multibeam bathymetry processed data (KONGSBERG EM712 working area dataset) of RV HEINCKE during cruise HE622, Sylt, North Sea

Multibeam bathymetry processed data (KONGSBERG EM712 multibeam echosounder) was collected onboard RV HEINCKE during cruise HE622 in the German North Sea (2023-06-06 - 2023-06-20). The raw data (.all format) were processed using QPS Qimera software (v 1.7), based on the following workflow: 0.Raw data > 1.Apply correct Sound Velocity Profiles -> 2.Create dynamic surface (shallow Mode) -> 3.Apply Spline Filter (Medium/Weak) > 4. Finalize with manual 2D and 3D editing, -> 5.Export in GeoTIFF format and projected in the UTM32N coordinate system (EPSG:32632). The bathymetry dataset here is gridded at 0.50 m resolution. The data products were created in the context of the DAM (German Marine Research Alliance), CONMAR research project.

Multibeam bathymetry processed data (KONGSBERG EM712 working area dataset) of RV HEINCKE during cruise HE622, east Steingrund, North Sea

Multibeam bathymetry processed data (KONGSBERG EM712 multibeam echosounder) was collected onboard RV HEINCKE on two different days during cruise HE622 in the German North Sea (2023-06-06 - 2023-06-20). The raw data (.all format) were processed using QPS Qimera software (v 1.7), based on the following workflow: 0.Raw data > 1.Apply correct Sound Velocity Profiles -> 2.Create dynamic surface (shallow Mode) -> 3.Apply Spline Filter (Medium/Weak) > 4. Finalize with manual 2D and 3D editing, -> 5.Export in GeoTIFF format and projected in the UTM32N coordinate system (EPSG:32632). The bathymetry dataset here is gridded at 0.50 m resolution. The data products were created in the context of the DAM (German Marine Research Alliance), CONMAR research project.

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