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Iron, mercury and tin contents as well as grain sizes measurements from fluvial sediments of the Röslau River, Bavaria, Germany

We measured Sn, Fe and Hg content as well as grain size composition of soil cores and streambed samples from the floodplain of the Röslau River (Bavaria, Germany), in order to reconstruct the floodplain development and chemical antropogenic impacts. The samples were collected in 2023 and analysed in 2023/24 using aqua regia digestion and ICP-OES/ICP-MS to analyse the elemental composition. To prepare the samples, the sediment was sieved (2 mm) to discard the gravel fraction and large organic pieces. Further homogenisation was undertaken by grinding the samples with a vibratory mill. Grain sizes were obtained using a combination of sieving and laser diffraction (Microtrac particle analyser; Microtrac Retsch GmbH SYNC SN 0233).

Grainsize composition of composite sediment core ROD11 from the crater basin of Rodderberg, Germany

Grainsize data supports palaeoclimatic reconstruction of glacial/interglacial cycles for the Middle Pleistocene sediment record from the crater basin of Rodderberg, Germany. A sediment record measuring 72.8 m in length was retrieved by employing wire-line drilling techniques, utilising 3 m-long liners, from the silted-up crater basin of Rodderberg (East Eifel Volcanic Field) in the vicinity of the city of Bonn, Germany. For the purpose of grainsize analysis, the composite record ROD11 was systematically subsampled at a spatial resolution of 2 cm and examined through a laser diffraction particle size analyser (Beckman Coulter LS 13320). The resulting sedimentological data characterise glacials as silt-dominated (aeolian sediments: loess), interglacials as sand-dominated (runoff-related deposits from the step crater walls) and clay dominance for the Holocene soil. The terrestrial sediment record has been evaluated through multiple dating techniques and it provides a comprehensive environmental reconstruction since the Middle Pleistocene, thus providing valuable insights into the region's climate history.

Additive Manufacturing von 3D-Verbindungselementen im Bauwesen, Teilvorhaben: Entwicklung einer kostengünstigen Laser Powder Bed Fusion Maschine

Geochemical parameters in peat depth profiles from ombrotrophic bogs in North and Central Europe. Fochteloër Veen, the Netherlands

This dataset contains geochemical variables measured in six depth profiles from ombrotrophic peatlands in North and Central Europe. Peat cores were taken during the spring and summer of 2022 from Amtsvenn (AV1), Germany; Drebbersches Moor (DM1), Germany; Fochteloër Veen (FV1), the Netherlands; Bagno Kusowo (KR1), Poland; Pichlmaier Moor (PI1), Austria and Pürgschachen Moor (PM1), Austria. The cores AV1, DM1 and KR1 were taken using a Wardenaar sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands) and had diameter of 10 cm. The cores FV1, PM1 and PI1 had an 8 cm diameter and were obtained using an Instorf sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands). The cores FV1, DM1 and KR1 were 100 cm, core AV1 was 95 cm, core PI1 was 85 cm and core PM1 was 200 cm. The cores were subsampeled in 1 cm (AV1, DM1, KR1, FV1) and 2 cm (PI1, PM1) sections. The subsamples were milled after freeze drying in a ballmill using tungen carbide accesoires. X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF; ZSX Primus II, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) was used to determine Al (μg g-1), As (μg g-1), Ba (μg g-1), Br (μg g-1), Ca (g g-1), Cl (μg g-1), Cr (μg g-1), Cu (μg g-1), Fe (g g-1), K (g g-1), Mg (μg g-1), Mn (μg g-1), Na (μg g-1), P (μg g-1), Pb (μg g-1), Rb (μg g-1), S (μg g-1), Si (μg g-1), Sr (μg g-1), Ti (μg g-1) and Zn (μg g-1). These data were processed and calibrated using the iloekxrf package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024) in R. C, N and their stable isotopes were determined using an elemental analyser linked to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-3000, Eurovector, Pavia, Italy & Nu Horizon, Nu Instruments, Wrexham, UK). C and N were given in units g g-1 and stable isotopes were given as δ13C and δ15N for stable isotopes of C and N, respectively. Raw data C, N and stable isotope data were calibrated with certified standard and blank effects were corrected with the ilokeirms package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024). Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-MIR) (Agilent Cary 670 FTIR spectromter, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Ca, USA) humification indices (HI) were determined. Spectra were recorded from 600 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 with a resolution of 2 cm-1 and baselines corrected with the ir package (Teickner, 2025) to estimate relative peack heights. The HI (no unit) for each sample was calculated by taking the ratio of intensities at 1630 cm-1 to the intensities at 1090 cm-1. Bulk densities (g cm-3) were estimated from FT-MIR data (Teickner et al., in preparation).

Regionalisierung landschaftsökologischer Parameter im alpinen Hochgebirgsraum (Walliser Alpen, Gornergrat). Bestimmung der hydrologischen Komplexgrößen Schnee und Bodenwasser sowie Klärung ihrer Bedeutung für das ökologische Prozeßgefüge

Ziel des Vorhabens ist, neben der Aufnahme des systembestimmenden Wirkungsgefüges für die alpine Gebirgsstufe, vor allem ein möglichst wirklichkeitsnahes Landschaftsmodell aufzubauen, um prognostische Aussagen zu potentiellen Umweltveränderungen für die alpine Stufe der Alpen treffen zu können. Das geplante Vorhaben versucht daher, für den alpinen Raum möglichst präzise flächenrelevante Aussagen zu den Systemparametern Vegetation, Biomasse, Relief, Schneedecke, Bodenfeuchte und Bodenwärme zu treffen, um im landschaftsökologischen Sinne das signifikante Beziehungsgefüge dieser Größen herauszustellen. Im Vordergrund der Arbeiten steht vor allem der Einsatz eines neuen feldtauglichen Messprinzips zur Bestimmung des Bodenwassergehalts auf der Basis von Wärmekapazitätsmessungen. Infolge einer engen Bindung des Bodenfeuchteregimes an das Mikrorelief sowie an die hydrologisch bedeutsame Schneedecke, sollen auch diese beiden ökologisch wichtigen Kenngrößen mit Hilfe einer fortschrittlichen Erfassungsmethodik aufgenommen werden (lasergestützter Digitalkompaß, 3D-Software). Es ist insbesondere dieser neue methodische Ansatz, der das geplante Vorhaben klar von bereits durchgeführten landschaftsökologischen Arbeiten in vergleichbaren Räumen löst und daher vielversprechende ökologische Grundlagenergebnisse erwarten läßt. Die vergleichsweise exakten Punkt- und Flächenparameteraufnahmen können aber auch als Beschreibung des ökosystemaren Ist-Zustandes verstanden werden, so daß Aufnahmewiederholungen bereits stattgefundene Systemveränderungen dokumentierten können (Ökosystemmonitoring).

Identification of groundwater nitrogen point source contribution through combined distribute temperature sensing and in-situ UV photometry

Agriculture is the major contributor of nitrogen to ecosystems, both by organic and inorganic fertilizers. Percolation of nitrate to groundwater and further transport to surface waters is assumed to be one of the major pathways in the fate of this nitrogen. The quantification of groundwater and associated nitrate flux to streams is still challenging. In particular because we lack understanding of the spatial distribution and temporal variability of groundwater and associated NO3- fluxes. In this preliminary study we will focus on the identification and quantification of groundwater and associated nitrate fluxes by combining high resolution distributed fiber-optic temperature sensing (DTS) with in situ UV photometry (ProPS). DTS is a new technique that is capable to measure temperature over distances of km with a spatial resolution of ca1 m and an accuracy of 0.01 K. It has been applied successfully to identify and quantify sources of groundwater discharge to streams. ProPS is a submersible UV process photometer, which uses high precision spectral analyses to provide single substance concentrations, in our case NO3-, at minute intervals and a detection limit of less than 0.05 mg l-1 (ca.0.01 mg NO3--Nl-1). We will conduct field experiments using artificial point sources of lateral inflow to test DTS and ProPS based quantification approaches and estimate their uncertainty. The selected study area is the Schwingbach catchment in Hessen, Germany, which has a good monitoring infrastructure. Preliminary research on hydrological fluxes and field observations indicate that the catchment favors the intended study.

Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB) 1537: Skalenübergreifende Quantifizierung von Ökosystemprozessen in ihrer räumlich-zeitlichen Dynamik mittels smarter autonomer Sensornetzwerke, Teilprojekt A04: Prozessbasierte Analyse von Ökosystem-Atmosphäre-Austauschs von CO2, H2O und flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen (VOC)

A4.1 Ökosystemreaktionen und Rückkopplungen im Ökosystem-Atmosphäre-Austausch von CO2, H2O und VOCs in einem heterogenen Waldökosystem Um die Lücke zwischen der relativ kleinen Skala eines einzelnen Baumes und einem Waldbestand zu schließen, analysiert A4.1 den Austausch zwischen Ökosystem und Atmosphäre durch Eddy-Kovarianz Messungen von H2O, CO2 und dessen Isoflux (13CO2). Somit lassen sich die Flüsse auf einer integrierten Skala in ihre Komponenten (Ökosystematmung und Bruttoprimärproduktion) auftrennen. Darüber hinaus messen wir die Aufnahme und Freisetzung von VOC durch unsere Wälder und bringen sie mit wichtigen Ökosystemfunktionen in Verbindung, die stark auf Umweltveränderungen reagieren. A4.2 Entwicklung eines auf einem Interbandkaskadenlaser basierenden Messsystems zur Untersuchung des Austauschs zwischen Ökosystem und Atmosphäre von VOCs. Hier entwickeln wir erstmals eine optische spektroskopische Sensortechnologie, um VOCs mit Hilfe der durchstimmbaren Laserabsorptionsspektroskopie (TLAS) zu messen. Dies soll entlang der Konzentrationsgradienten am Messturm und in Verbindung mit Einzelblattküvetten (A3.2) erfolgen.

Turbomaschinen für die Transformation in das integrierte Energiesystem der Zukunft, Teilvorhaben: 4.5a

Digital elevation model (DEM 1) of the River Rhine floodplain between Iffezheim and Kleve, Germany

This digital elevation model (DEM) describes the topography of the active floodplain of the freeflowing parts of River Rhine between the weir Iffezheim and the German-Dutch border near Kleve with 1 m spatial resolution in coordinate reference system "ETRS 1989 UTM Zone 32 N" and 0.01 m resolution in the German height reference system "Deutsches Haupthöhennetz 1992 (DHHN92)". The dataset was generated in four parts through aerial laser scanning (ALS) for terrestrial parts of the floodplain and echo sounding for aquatic parts of the central water course by the local waterway and navigation authorities (WSV) between 2003 and 2010. Parts not covered by any of the two data collection methods were filled through linear interpolation. A comparison between DEM and reference points confirmed a high accuracy with a mean deviation of elevations of ± 5 cm. Depending on the data source 95% of all checked points show a vertical deviation of less than 15 cm to 50 cm. Since the dataset has a large volume it was split into 40 tiles.

Seabed Images at pilot oyster reefs in the Borkum Reef Ground marine protected area taken in May 2024

Video transects were done using the A.IKANBILISTM hovering autonomous underwater vehicle (HAUV) of the company BeeX (https://beex.sg/a-ikanbilis/), which flew over the reefs along predefined transects at a depth of 0.5m above seabed and at a speed of 1 m s-1. From the dive videos of the HAUV, SBIs were extracted every second. Each SBI features two parallel laser lines 30 cm away from each other. The camera used was a GoPro, the videos and pictures were taken perpendicularly to the seabed. The seabed images provide insights into the general composition of key species, higher systematic groups and ecological guilds. The images contain information on how benthic species are associated to each other. Transect files include individual images, whereas metadata of each image includes diving depth, date/time of transect. Geographical coordinates and time of individual images is unavailable, images have a resolution of 300dpi and a size of 9 to 13 MB.

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