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GTS Bulletin: IUSX40 EDZW - Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR (details are described in the abstract)

The IUSX40 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IU): Upper air T1T2A1 (IUS): Radio soundings from marine stations (entire sounding) A2 (X): Global Area (area not definable) (Remarks from Volume-C: TEMP SHIP COMPLETE SOUNDING)

GTS Bulletin: IUXD53 EDZW - Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR (details are described in the abstract)

The IUXD53 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IU): Upper air T1T2A1 (IUX): Other upper air reports A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere(The bulletin collects reports from stations: 10184;Greifswald;) (Remarks from Volume-C: High resolution 2 sec., BUFR309057, Level 500) IUXD53 BUFR bulletin available 10184 Greifswald from EDZW (Deutscher Wetterdienst) up to 500 hPa at 00 UTC, 12 UTC, ON DEMAND 06 UTC, 18 UTC

GTS Bulletin: IUXD65 EDZW - Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR (details are described in the abstract)

The IUXD65 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IU): Upper air T1T2A1 (IUX): Other upper air reports A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere(The bulletin collects reports from stations: 10954;Altenstadt;) (Remarks from Volume-C: High resolution 2 sec., BUFR309057, Level 500) IUXD65 BUFR bulletin available 10954 Altenstadt from EDZW (Deutscher Wetterdienst) up to 500 hPa. at 05, 11, 17 UTC Mon-Fri

GTS Bulletin: IUXD37 EDZW - Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR (details are described in the abstract)

The IUXD37 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IU): Upper air T1T2A1 (IUX): Other upper air reports A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere(The bulletin collects reports from stations: 10739;Stuttgart (Schnarrenberg);) (Remarks from Volume-C: High resolution 2 sec., BUFR309057, Level 300) IUXD37 BUFR bulletin available 10739 Stuttgart from EDZW (Deutscher Wetterdienst) up to 300 hPa. at 00 UTC, 12 UTC, ON DEMAND 06 UTC, 18 UTC

Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB) 1211: Evolution der Erde und des Lebens unter extremer Trockenheit, Teilprojekt D03: Stabile Isotope: Entwicklung eines Paleo-Feuchtigkeit Proxys über die Sauerstoffisotopen-zusammensetzung von Kristallwasser in Calciumsulfaten

Dieses Projekt untersucht die 16O-17O-18O and the H-D Isotopensysteme im Kristallwasser von Gips (CaS04-2H20) und Bassanit (CaS04-2H20). Ziel ist der prinzipielle Nachweis, ob es möglich ist aus der Isotopie des Kristallwassers atmosphärische Parameter, wie z.B. die Luftfeuchtigkeit zum Zeitpunkt der Mineral(um)bildung, zu rekonstruieren.

Statistical-dynamical methods for scale dependent model evaluation and short term precipitation forecasting (STAMPF)

Das Ziel des Projektes ist die skalenabhängige Evaluierung von Niederschlagsprognosen der DWD-Modellkette (LM/GME) bezüglich dynamischer Parameter und Wolkeneigenschaften. Ein neu entwickelter dynamischer Zustandsindex (DSI), die mit der spezifischen Feuchte gewichtete Divergenz sowie Wolkentyp, Bedeckung und Höhe der Wolkenobergrenze sind die Evaluierungsparamater. Der DSI wurde aus den ursprünglichen Gleichungen abgeleitet und beschreibt die Abweichungen von einem verallgemeinerten dynamischen Gleichgewicht, verursacht durch Instationarität und diabatische Prozesse. Die Evaluierung konzentriert sich auf die Wechselwirkungen zwischen der synoptischen und konvektiven Skala, die häufig die Ursache für extreme Niederschlagsereignisse sind. Sie untersucht die Beziehung zwischen den synoptisch-skaligen Prozessen und der konvektiven Parameterisierung. Eine Voraussetzung der Evaluierung ist eine vom Modell unabhängige feldmäßige Analyse des täglichen Niederschlages und der Wolkenparameter in der Gitterauflösung des LM/GME. Ein schon existierendes Analyseschema der synoptischen Beobachtungen wird weiter verbessert und erweitert durch Satellitendaten. Diese liefern kontinuierliche Wolkendaten und Niederschlagsraten. Die Genauigkeit der analysierten Felder wird mit Hilfe moderner statistischer Methoden abgeschätzt. In einem weiteren Schritt werden die getesteten dynamischen Parameter zu einer quasi-prognostischen Niederschlagsvorhersage oder als Prediktoren für einen MOS-Ansatz verwendet.

Native plants and mycorrhizal fungi in wind erosion control in the Kailash-Manasarovar region (Tibet, China)

We study the effects of plants and root-associated fungi on wind erosion within the alpine environment of Tibet. China is one of the countries most affected by desertification processes and Tibet, in particular, a key region in desertification combat. The presented project focuses on the Barkha Plain surrounded by Mount Kailash and the Lake of Manasarovar (Ngari Prefecture). This Western Tibet region experienced little scientific attention but, nowadays, faces rapidly increasing touristic activities and expanding local settlements associated with socio-economic changes that are serious threats to the delicate ecological balance and potential triggers of desertification. It exists almost unanimous agreement that revegetation is the most efficient and promising strategy to combat wind erosion and desertification in the long term. However, re-colonising success is often poor, mainly under extreme environmental conditions. Compared to conventional practices, the approach of the presented project attains better accordance with natural succession processes and promises acceleration of both plant and soil development and, conclusively, more efficient desertification control. The project assesses the potential of native plants and symbiotic fungi to control wind erosion and desertification processes. It aims to identify key plants and fungi that increase soil aggregate stability and efficiently drive succession into a natural and self-maintaining cycle of the ecosystem. Furthermore, it provides crucial information for implementing environmentally compatible and cost-effective measures to protect high-elevation ecosystems against desertification. Within three successional stages (early, intermediate, late), field investigations are performed on the basis of Modified-Whittaker plots. Classic methods of vegetation analysis and myco-sociology are combined with analysis of distribution patterns at different scales (patchiness, connectivity). Comprehensive soil analysis is performed comprising grain size distribution, aggregate stability, pH as well as water and nutrient contents. Additionally, important parameters of wind erosion are measured concurrently and continuously to assess their magnitude and variability with respect to vegetation and soil at different levels of development. The parameters addressed, include sediment transport, air temperature, radiation, precipitation, relative humidity as well as speed and direction of wind. Surface moisture is recorded periodically and roughness described. Species and environmental parameters are checked for spatial correlation. Cutting edge technologies are applied in laboratory work, comprising molecular methods for fungal species identification and micro-tomography to analyse soil structure. Furthermore, successfully cultivated fungi and plants are subject of synthesis experiments and industrial propagation in view of practical implementation in restoration measures.

GTS Bulletin: IUSD22 EDZW - Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR (details are described in the abstract)

The IUSD22 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IU): Upper air T1T2A1 (IUS): Radio soundings from fixed land stations (entire sounding) A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere(The bulletin collects reports from stations: 10113;Norderney;) (Remarks from Volume-C: High resolution 2 sec., BUFR309057) IUSD22 BUFR bulletin available 10113 Norderney from EDZW (Deutscher Wetterdienst) at 00 UTC, 12 UTC, ON DEMAND 06 UTC, 18 UTC

GTS Bulletin: IUXD55 EDZW - Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR (details are described in the abstract)

The IUXD55 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IU): Upper air T1T2A1 (IUX): Other upper air reports A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere(The bulletin collects reports from stations: 10410;Essen-Bredeney;) (Remarks from Volume-C: High resolution 2 sec., BUFR309057, Level 500) IUXD55 BUFR bulletin available 10410 Essen from EDZW (Deutscher Wetterdienst) up to 500 hPa. at 00 UTC, 12 UTC, ON DEMAND 06 UTC, 18 UTC

GTS Bulletin: IUXD45 EDZW - Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR (details are described in the abstract)

The IUXD45 TTAAii Data Designators decode as: T1 (I): Observational data (Binary coded) - BUFR T1T2 (IU): Upper air T1T2A1 (IUX): Other upper air reports A2 (D): 90°E - 0° northern hemisphere(The bulletin collects reports from stations: 10954;Altenstadt;) (Remarks from Volume-C: High resolution 2 sec., BUFR309057, Level 300) IUXD45 BUFR bulletin available 10954 Altenstadt from EDZW (Deutscher Wetterdienst) up to 300 hPa. at 05, 11, 17 UTC Mon-Fri

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