Data presented here were collected between 2020-01 and 2023-09 at station BEFmate_S10upp within the research unit DynaCom (Spatial community ecology in highly dynamic landscapes: From island biogeography to metaecosystems, https://uol.de/dynacom/ ) involving the Universities of Oldenburg, Göttingen, and Münster, the iDiv Leipzig and the Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer. Experimental islands and saltmarsh enclosed plots were established in the back-barrier tidal flat and in the saltmarsh zone of the island of Spiekeroog (Germany). Groundwater levels at different elevation zones were measured using pressure loggers deployed in dip wells within the experimental islands as well as in the saltmarsh enclosed plots. Measurements were obtained using Hobo U20L Water Level Loggers (Onset Computer Corporation, Bourne, MA/USA). All devices were pre-calibrated by the manufacturer. Logged data were retrieved in the field using a Hobo Underwater Shuttle (U-DTW-1) and were read out with the HOBOware Pro (V3.7.28) software, Subsequent data processing was done using MATLAB (R2024b). Atmospheric pressure correction for water-level calculations was applied using data from a nearby weather station. Post-processing and quality control included (a) the removal of data covering maintenance activities, (b) an outlier detection, and (c) visual checks. Outliers in water level and temperature time series were detected using a moving-median filter and a 3-sigma criterion, with additional cross-checking against a reference sensor. Identified outliers were removed, and height-corrected water level series were produced to ensure consistency across sensors and years.
In bog ecosystems, vegetation controls key processes such as the retention of carbon, water and nutrients. In northern hemispherical bogs, a shift from Sphagnum- to vascular plant-dominated vegetation is often traced back to Climate Change and increased anthropogenic nitrogen deposition and coincides with substantially reduced capacities in carbon, water and nutrient retention. In southern Patagonia, bogs dominated by Sphagnum and vascular plants coexist since millennia under similar environmental settings. Thus, South Patagonian bogs may serve as ideal examples for the long-term effect of vascular plant invasion on carbon, water and nutrient balances of bog ecosystems. The contemporary balances of carbon and water of both a bog dominated by Sphagnum and vascular plants are determined by CO2- H2O and CH4 flux measurements and an estimation of lateral water losses as well as losses via dissolved organic and inorganic carbon compounds. The high time resolution of simultaneous eddy covariance measurements of CO2 and H2O in both bog types and the strong interaction between climatic variables and the physiology of bog plants allow for direct comparisons of carbon and water fluxes during cold, warm, dry, wet, cloudy or sunny periods. By the combination with leaf-scale measurements of gas exchange and fluorescence, plant-physiological controls of photosynthesis and transpiration can be identified. Long-term peat accumulation rates will be determined by carbon density and age-depth profiles including a characterization of peat humification characteristics. A reciprocal transplantation experiment with incorporated shading, liming and labeled N addition treatments is conducted to explore driving factors affecting competition between Sphagnum and vascular plants as well as the interactions between CO2-, CH4-, and water fluxes and decisive plant functional traits affecting key processes for carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling. Decomposition rates and driving below ground processes are analyzed with a litter bag field experiment and an incubation experiment in the laboratory.
Das Ziel einer Reduzierung des N-Austrages aus Boeden unter Iandwirtschaftlicher Nutzung setzt ei detaillierte Erfahrung von Bodenkennwerten des N- und Wasserhaushaltes vor allem im Winterhalbjahr voraus. Mit verschiedenen neuen Methoden sollen in einem mehrjaeihrigen Feldversuch die Wirkungen unterschiedlicher ackerbaulicher Massnahmen, wie Bodenbearbeitungs N-Duengung und Zwischenfruchtanbau vergleichend erfasst und Ansaetze zur Quantifizierung des Haushalts gemacht werden.
In gross angelegten Feldversuchen soll der Einfluss des Ueberweidens auf die Diversitaet der Graeser untersucht werden. Hierzu werden Parzellen unterschiedlicher Zusammensetzung guter Futtergraeser in ihrer Entwicklung verfolgt. Insbesondere soll die Anfaelligkeit der Verbuschung untersucht werden. Ziel der Arbeit ist die nachhaltige Sicherung der natuerlichen Ressourcen bei gleichzeitiger Beweidung.
Lipide haben wahrscheinlich große Bedeutung für die Stabilisierung organischer Substanz in Böden, sie wurden aber bisher mittels moderner strukturchemischer und isotopischer Methoden nur wenig untersucht. Durch die Kombination dieser Methoden sollen erstmals gleichzeitg Aussagen über Herkunft (Pflanzen, Bakterien, Pilze) und Umsatzraten (d13C) der Lipide auf molekularer Ebene ermöglichen. Der Nutzungswechsel von Roggen- (C3-) zu Mais-Monokultur (C4-Pflanze) markierte die zugeführte Biomasse strukturell und isotopisch. Die Nutzung von Rückstellproben ermöglicht eine über vier Jahrzehnte zeitlich aufgelöste Auswertung dieses landwirtschaftlichen Freilandversuchs. Die Lipide sollen mit einer Kombination moderner struktureller, spektroskopischer und isotopischer Analysetechniken der Bodenchemie, organischen Geochemie und Biochemie untersucht werden. Untersuchungen sollen an Gesamtböden und ausgewählten PartikelgrößenFraktionen erfolgen. Die Bodenlipide werden erstmalig über eine automatisierte sequentielle Flüssigkeitschromatographie in folgende Fraktionen getrennt: a) Aliphaten, b) Ketone/Alkohole, c) Fettsäuren, d) Aromaten, e) basische Lipide und f) hochpolare Biopolymere. Diese Fraktionen sollen anschließend strukturell identifiziert (13C NMR, GC-MS) und die Fraktionen a) bis c) gesamt- und komponentenspezifisch (GC-irmMS) d 13C-isotopisch charakterisiert werden.
Data presented here were collected between 2020-01 and 2022-05 at station BEFmate_I3low within the research unit DynaCom (Spatial community ecology in highly dynamic landscapes: From island biogeography to metaecosystems, https://uol.de/dynacom/ ) involving the Universities of Oldenburg, Göttingen, and Münster, the iDiv Leipzig and the Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer. Experimental islands and saltmarsh enclosed plots were established in the back-barrier tidal flat and in the saltmarsh zone of the island of Spiekeroog (Germany). Groundwater levels at different elevation zones were measured using pressure loggers deployed in dip wells within the experimental islands as well as in the saltmarsh enclosed plots. Measurements were obtained using a Hobo U20L Water Level Logger (Onset Computer Corporation, Bourne, MA/USA) that was pre-calibrated by the manufacturer. Logged data were retrieved in the field using a Hobo Underwater Shuttle (U-DTW-1) and were read out with the HOBOware Pro (V3.7.28) software. Subsequent data processing was done using MATLAB (R2024b). Atmospheric pressure correction for water-level calculations was applied using data from a nearby weather station. Post-processing and quality control included (a) the removal of data covering maintenance activities, (b) an outlier detection, and (c) visual checks. Outliers in water level and temperature time series were detected using a moving-median filter and a 3-sigma criterion, with additional cross-checking against a reference sensor. Identified outliers were removed, and height-corrected water level series were produced to ensure consistency across sensors and years.
Data presented here were collected between 2020-01 and 2023-01 at station BEFmate_I10pio within the research unit DynaCom (Spatial community ecology in highly dynamic landscapes: From island biogeography to metaecosystems, https://uol.de/dynacom/ ) involving the Universities of Oldenburg, Göttingen, and Münster, the iDiv Leipzig and the Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer. Experimental islands and saltmarsh enclosed plots were established in the back-barrier tidal flat and in the saltmarsh zone of the island of Spiekeroog (Germany). Groundwater levels at different elevation zones were measured using pressure loggers deployed in dip wells within the experimental islands as well as in the saltmarsh enclosed plots. Measurements were obtained using Hobo U20L Water Level Loggers (Onset Computer Corporation, Bourne, MA/USA). All devices were pre-calibrated by the manufacturer. Logged data were retrieved in the field using a Hobo Underwater Shuttle (U-DTW-1) and were read out with the HOBOware Pro (V3.7.28) software, Subsequent data processing was done using MATLAB (R2024b). Atmospheric pressure correction for water-level calculations was applied using data from a nearby weather station. Post-processing and quality control included (a) the removal of data covering maintenance activities, (b) an outlier detection, and (c) visual checks. Outliers in water level and temperature time series were detected using a moving-median filter and a 3-sigma criterion, with additional cross-checking against a reference sensor. Identified outliers were removed, and height-corrected water level series were produced to ensure consistency across sensors and years.
Data presented here were collected between 2020-01 and 2021-07 at station BEFmate_I4upp within the research unit DynaCom (Spatial community ecology in highly dynamic landscapes: From island biogeography to metaecosystems, https://uol.de/dynacom/ ) involving the Universities of Oldenburg, Göttingen, and Münster, the iDiv Leipzig and the Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer. Experimental islands and saltmarsh enclosed plots were established in the back-barrier tidal flat and in the saltmarsh zone of the island of Spiekeroog (Germany). Groundwater levels at different elevation zones were measured using pressure loggers deployed in dip wells within the experimental islands as well as in the saltmarsh enclosed plots. Measurements were obtained using Hobo U20L Water Level Loggers (Onset Computer Corporation, Bourne, MA/USA). All devices were pre-calibrated by the manufacturer. Logged data were retrieved in the field using a Hobo Underwater Shuttle (U-DTW-1) and were read out with the HOBOware Pro (V3.7.28) software, Subsequent data processing was done using MATLAB (R2024b). Atmospheric pressure correction for water-level calculations was applied using data from a nearby weather station. Post-processing and quality control included (a) the removal of data covering maintenance activities, (b) an outlier detection, and (c) visual checks. Outliers in water level and temperature time series were detected using a moving-median filter and a 3-sigma criterion, with additional cross-checking against a reference sensor. Identified outliers were removed, and height-corrected water level series were produced to ensure consistency across sensors and years.
Data presented here were collected between 2020-01 and 2023-03 at station BEFmate_I4pio within the research unit DynaCom (Spatial community ecology in highly dynamic landscapes: From island biogeography to metaecosystems, https://uol.de/dynacom/ ) involving the Universities of Oldenburg, Göttingen, and Münster, the iDiv Leipzig and the Nationalpark Niedersächsisches Wattenmeer. Experimental islands and saltmarsh enclosed plots were established in the back-barrier tidal flat and in the saltmarsh zone of the island of Spiekeroog (Germany). Groundwater levels at different elevation zones were measured using pressure loggers deployed in dip wells within the experimental islands as well as in the saltmarsh enclosed plots. Measurements were obtained using Hobo U20L Water Level Loggers (Onset Computer Corporation, Bourne, MA/USA). All devices were pre-calibrated by the manufacturer. Logged data were retrieved in the field using a Hobo Underwater Shuttle (U-DTW-1) and were read out with the HOBOware Pro (V3.7.28) software, Subsequent data processing was done using MATLAB (R2024b). Atmospheric pressure correction for water-level calculations was applied using data from a nearby weather station. Post-processing and quality control included (a) the removal of data covering maintenance activities, (b) an outlier detection, and (c) visual checks. Outliers in water level and temperature time series were detected using a moving-median filter and a 3-sigma criterion, with additional cross-checking against a reference sensor. Identified outliers were removed, and height-corrected water level series were produced to ensure consistency across sensors and years.
Hintergrund: Dieses Projekt begleitet die Umgestaltung eines Fichtenwald-Reinbestandes im Nationalpark Eifel vom derzeitigen Ist-Zustand über eine Baumentnahme hin zu einem standortgerechten Laubmischwald. Der Stoffhaushalt (Kohlenstoff, Lösungsfracht, Schwebfracht, Bachgeschiebe und Wasser) sowie die ihn beeinflussenden Faktoren (Klima, Boden, Vegetation, Landnutzung) werden genauer untersucht. Erstmalig werden für dieses Gebiet im Rahmen dieses Projektes CO2-Kreisläufe quantifiziert und Maßnahmen zur Kohlenstoffreduktion beschrieben (durch das Institut für Chemie und Dynamik der Geosphäre - Institut 4: Agrosphäre (ICG-4)). Zudem sollen zu erwartende Veränderungen auf Stoff- und Wasserkreisläufe erfasst werden. Bestehende Datenlücken für die Mittelgebirge werden damit geschlossen (durch den Lehrstuhl für Physische Geographie und Geoökologie (PGG)). Fragestellungen: Aufgabe des Projektes wird sein, präzise Informationen zum Stoff- (u.a. Kohlendioxid, Nitrat, Phosphat, Ammonium) und Wasserkreislauf zu erhalten sowie die Bedeutung standortrelevanter Parameter (Klima, Boden, Vegetation, Landnutzung) bei der Entstehung eines standorttypischen Laubmischwaldes zu erfassen. Während der Umwandlung eines Fichtenreinbestandes zu einem Laubwald - mit Vergleichsuntersuchungen im Freiland (Wiese) - sollen verschiedene Stadien der Umwandlung untersucht werden. Die Ergebnisse werden neue und vor allem quantifizierbare Erkenntnisse zum CO2-Haushalt sowie zum Wasser- und Stoffkreislauf im Ökosystem Wald liefern; Grundbausteine für eine nachhaltige Landnutzung und der Reduzierung atmosphärischen CO2. Von der Arbeitsgruppe PGG und dem ICG-4 bearbeitete Fragestellungen: - Wie wirken sich Landnutzungsänderungen auf Stoff- und Wasserhaushalt aus? - Welche Auswirkungen hat der Klimawandel auf Wasser, Boden und Vegetation? - Wie wirken sich Rückkopplungsprozesse auf terrestrische Systeme aus? - Wie wirken sich großräumige Eingriffe aus? Ziele: Ziele des Lehrstuhls für Physische Geographie und Geoökologie sind insbesondere, in Kooperation mit dem ICG-4 Veränderungen des Kohlenstoff- und Wasserhaushaltes sowie der Nährstoffkreisläufe in Erwartung des absehbaren Klimawandels und der Maßnahmen zur CO2-Reduktion zu erfassen. Gesicherte Erkenntnisse in Bezug auf den Wasserhaushalt und die ihn beeinflussenden Größen in Mittelgebirgsräumen liegen bisher kaum vor. Hier schließt das Projekt eine Datenlücke. Die Rolle der Vegetation sowie der Böden (insbesondere die bodenbildenden periglazialen Deckschichten) sind hier von Bedeutung, da Prozesse der Stoffakkumulation, -umwandlung und -transport von diesen Parametern stark abhängig sind. Deckschichten haben mit ihren Mächtigkeiten und Ausprägungen einen starken Einfluss auf Sickerwasser, Grundwasserneubildung, Retention und Oberflächenabfluss. Zudem ist für die Kooperation mit dem ICG-4 die Betrachtung des Bodenwasserhaushaltes unerlässlich, um den CO2-Vorrat im Boden zu analysieren. Die Retentionskapazitäten der Böden werden präzi
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