Abfallmanagement in Russland und weiteren GUS-Staaten Seit mehreren Jahren unterstützt das UBA im Rahmen des Beratungshilfeprogramms die Länder der Gemeinschaft unabhängiger Staaten (GUS) bei der Entwicklung effektiver Abfallmanagementstrukturen. Im Rahmen von Seminaren und Workshops im Mai und Juni 2017 wurden gezielt Akteure aus Politik, Wirtschaft und Nichtregierungsorganisationen beraten und fortgebildet. Seit über 15 Jahren führt das UBA Projekte zum Thema Kreislaufwirtschaft im Rahmen des Beratungshilfeprogramms für den Umweltschutz in den Staaten Mittel- und Osteuropas, des Kaukasus und Zentralasiens sowie weiteren an die EU angrenzenden Staaten durch. Dazu gehört auch der Umgang mit Elektro- und Elektronikaltgeräten. Vom 15. bis 19. Mai 2017 veranstaltete das UNIDO-Zentrum Moskau mit Unterstützung des UBA die „E-Waste Academy for Manager and Policy Makers“. Dabei nutzten Repräsentanten von Ministerien, Behörden, Wirtschaftsverbänden sowie Nichtregierungsorganisationen der GUS-Länder Aserbaidschan, Armenien, Weißrussland, Kasachstan, Kirgistan, Russland, Tadschikistan und Usbekistan die Möglichkeit, sich über internationale Regelungen zu informieren und praxisbezogene Kenntnisse zu erwerben. In Vorträgen, Seminaren und praktischen Übungen lernten die über 30 Teilnehmenden, wie man z.B. ein Unternehmen zur Verwertung von Elektro- und Elektronikaltgeräten in Übereinstimmung mit jeweiligen gesetzlichen Anforderungen etablieren kann oder grenzübergreifende Transportketten effektiv vernetzt. Eines der wichtigsten Ergebnisse dieses Projektes bildeten die erarbeiteten beispielhaften Aktionspläne zur Entwicklung eines umweltschonenden und Sammel- und Verwertungssystems. Am 28. Juni 2017 veranstaltete das Ministerium für Umwelt und natürliche Ressourcen der Russischen Föderation in Moskau das internationale Seminar „Russian legal framework and best European practice on waste management: possible combination of approaches to environmental protection”. Gemeinsam mit den Partnerländern Deutschland, Frankreich und den Niederlanden sowie der EU-Vertretung lud es Vertreterinnen und Vertreter föderaler und regionaler mit Abfallwirtschaftsfragen befasster Institutionen sowie Unternehmen zu diesem Expertentreffen, um aktuelle europäische Entwicklungen und Erfahrungen sowie zukünftige Kooperationen im Abfallbereich zu besprechen. In einem Fachvortrag erläuterte ein Mitarbeiter des UBA die Grundprinzipien der Organisation der deutschen Abfallwirtschaft. Die Veranstaltung fand im Rahmen der auf Umweltzusammenarbeit im Ostseeraum ausgerichteten St. Petersburg-Initiative statt ( www.spbinitiative.ru ). Flankierend fanden Gespräche zwischen den deutschen und russischen Umweltexperten statt, um zukünftige gemeinsame Aktivitäten insbesondere zur Beratung der Regionen der Russischen Föderation zu besprechen. Diese haben vertieftes Interesse an organisatorischen und finanziellen Fragen der Abfallwirtschaft. Solche Expertentreffen, Fachworkshops sowie die dabei stattfindenden bilateralen Gespräche tragen zu einer intensiveren Zusammenarbeit auch zwischen den Fachleuten in den Partnerländern des Beratungshilfeprogramms bei und fördern so ihren Austausch von Wissen und Erfahrungen.
Das Projekt "Der Zustand der Umwelt im ländlichen Raum der NUS-Staaten" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Öko-Institut. Institut für angewandte Ökologie e.V. durchgeführt.
Das Projekt "Environmental control with the aid of sensor technilogies for GAS sensing" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Tübingen, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Abteilung Analytische Chemie durchgeführt. General Information: The objective of the project consists in the finding of new methods for the monitoring of indoor and ambient air quality by using novel types of gas sensors. The project aims to combine the knowledge of partners from EU and CCE/NIS countries in a synergetic research during which a double transfer will take place. The EU countries will transfer modern sensor testing equipment - one set up for routine and response time measurements and one set up for long term measurements - and knowledge about sensor quality requirements, in line with European environmental policy. They also will train young doctoral students of CCE/NIS partners. The CCE/NIS countries will transfer their extensive knowledge about sensitive materials properties and technological methods for obtaining such materials. IPC will ensure the coordination of the project. The gas stations will be constructed in IPC by doctoral students from CCE/NIS partners, under IPC coordination. IPC will train these students in using the gas stations and will transfer all the needed software. IPC will coordinate the change of information between partners and ensure the concentration of their efforts. IPC will also assist the CCE/NIS partners by forming surface spectroscopical studies and testing of their samples. INFM will assist the CCE/NIS partners in their efforts by making bulk spectroscopic analysis of their materials and by coordinating the set up of gas testing stations for long term measurements. The IPTM efforts will concentrate on the study of a new diode-type sensor, which will be operated in the reverse conduction regime. The main advantage of this new sensor will be the control of the sensitivity towards water vapour and reducing gases by means of suitable choice of the reverse applied voltage and of the temperature of operation. The already obtained samples, using tin oxide as sensing material and in a geometry similar to the one of commercial Figaro gas sensors, show stable asymmetric I-V characteristics. IPTM will attempt to use also the materials prepared by SRIPCP and the substrate prepared by AVANGARD. The SRIPCP efforts will go on further to the development of sol-gel technologies for obtaining ceramic sensitive materials on the basis of metal oxides. Sol-gel technique offers a better control of sensors microstructure and a prospective of lowered dimension and as a consequence a low power consumption. It will perform also investigation of the gas-sensitive films to establish the features of the oxide films structure, the electronic states of the elements in the mixed oxide matrix, the character of structure and phase transformation under thermal treatment of oxide films in different gas ambient and the influence of the factors mentioned above on the gas-sensitive properties of the films. ... Prime Contractor: Universität Tübingen, Fakultät Chemie und Pharamazie, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Tübingen; Germany.
Das Projekt "Beratung MOE-Staaten und GUS, fuer Massnahmen in den Bereichen des Umweltschutzes, Ausbildungsprogramm fuer Offiziere der WGT- Streitkraefte - 1. Lehrgang" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Technischer Überwachungsverein Akademie durchgeführt.
Das Projekt "Entwicklung von Verfahren fuer die Entfernung von Pestiziden" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Konstanz, Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie I durchgeführt. Objective: The project aims at addressing the problem of pesticide pollution and contamination in the former countries of the Soviet Union (NIS states). It aims at developing novel chemical and physical methods for the remediation of pesticides and hence the decontamination of polluted soil, water and food. Major pesticides such as DDT, Lindan and various organophosphates are the key focus of the work proposed. New materials, molecular receptors, extraction techniques and reagents will be devised and investigated in detail. They will offer the option of successful remediation of chemically diverse pesticides from various media. Prime Contractor: University of Surrey, Department of Chemistry, School of Physics and Chemistry Thermochemistry Laboratory; Guildford; UK.
Das Projekt "Investigation of the Risk of Cyanide in Gold Leaching on Health and Environment in Central Asia and Central Europe" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Düsseldorf, Medizinisches Institut für Umwelthygiene durchgeführt. Objective: Rich gold resources are a relevant economic potential of NIS. Cyanide leaching, introduced by joint venture companies of NIS and Western states, can be considered a severe hazard for environment and health under conditions of insufficient regional infrastructures. In 1998, an accidental cyanide spill in Kyrgyzstan caused a severe thread for environment and health. To reduce the probability of such disasters and to provide an adequate environmental risk and emergency management. The lRCYL objectives are the investigation of the impact on environment and health of the Kyrgyzstan accident by means of an epidemiological study including exposure and risk assessment, the development of expertise in disaster medicine including the provision of a cyanide disaster management plan, and the provision of a forum for risk communication about the cyanide leaching technology between stakeholders including a comprehensive review of technological alternatives and cost-benefit analyses. The IRCYL consortium comprising a broad interdisciplinary panel of scientists as well as industry and industrial consultants is especially suitable to achieve these objectives. Prime Contractor: Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Lufthygiene und Silikoseforschung e.V., Medical Institute of Environmental Hygiene; Düsseldorf; Germany.
Das Projekt "Hydrological and hydrodynamic studies and predictions of the Caspian sea water level rise - Impact of climate factors and man's activities" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Bochum, Fakultät XII für Bauingenieurwesen, Institut für Grundbau, Wasser- und Verkehrswesen, Lehrstuhl für Hydrologie, Wasserwirtschaft und Umwelttechnik durchgeführt. General Information: A significant rise of the water level in the Caspian sea since 1978 was accompanied by inundation of large areas and by a rise in the water table, which resulted in a disastrous situation in the Caspian sea basin. Experts differ both about why this phenomenon has occurred and about the future course of events. The proposed project aims at the understanding of numerous hydro-meteorological factors involved, without which effective protection of the population on the coastal areas and of their environment are impossible. The project outlines multi-disciplinary approaches to: detailed water balance study of the Caspian sea; study of water exchange within the sea basin and the hydrology of the Volga River (80 per cent of the inflow to the sea) These studies are directed at an elucidation of the reasons for the present sea level rise and an assessment of the most probable sea level trends over the next 10 to 20 years. The project will also consider the possible consequences of climate change and global warming. To achieve these aims the project includes linked hydrological and hydrodynamical models to describe the physical processes driving the phenomenon. Future trends in the water balance components of the Caspian sea will be investigated applying combined physical and statistical methods to hydro-thermodynamical mathematical models of water exchange processes in the 'atmosphere - land surface' and 'atmosphere - sea surface' sub-systems. The project will investigate the effects of possible man-made changes to the use of land in a selected sub-basin of the Volga river basin. This part of the project is based on an analysis of the recently available remote sensing data, a particularly valuable transfer of technology. Various scenarios of the climate conditions in the sea basin will be made using innovative probabilistic approach. The climate scenarios will be developed from the output of General Circulation Models developed in Germany, UK and USA as well as paleoclimate prototypes developed in Russia. Achievements: Foreseen Results The results obtained will be available, for planning of national and regional economies in the Caspian countries, for the design and operation of projects aimed at ecologically sound management of land and water resources in the Caspian sea itself, along its coastal fringe, and in its catchment area including the Volga river. The project partners are research institutes and private research company representing two NIS countries (Russia and Turkmenistan) ant three EU members (France, Germany and United Kingdom) with a balanced input from NIS and EU. The projects results will be made available to a wide , international scientific community both through dissemination of the deliverables (reports) and via access to the data concerning the Caspian sea. Prime Contractor: Laboratoire d'Hydraulique de France SA; Chirolles; France.
Das Projekt "Abwassersymposium UNGARN vom 11.-14.10.1993 im Rahmen der MOE/GUS - Beratungsmassnahmen" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Gesellschaft für Entwicklungstechnologie durchgeführt.
Das Projekt "Beratung mittel- und osteuropaeischer Staaten sowie von Staaten der Gemeinschaft Unabhaengiger Staaten (GUS) auf dem Gebiet des Umweltrechts" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von Universität Frankfurt, Fachbereich 01 Rechtswissenschaft durchgeführt.
Das Projekt "Spatial and temporal radio ecological survey system" wird vom Umweltbundesamt gefördert und von GSF - Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH, Institut für Strahlenschutz (ISS) durchgeführt. General Information: the explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear plant in April 1986 affected Large areas of in Central and Eastern Europe. Research carried out in the Rovno region, in the northwest Ukraine, some 350 km west of Chernobyl, demonstrated a strong relationship between radiation levels and land use, soil type, the incidence and extent of flooding. After the flood of 1993, 137Cs concentrations in the top soil of the floodplains were found to be up to three times higher than just after the Chernobyl accident. However, in 1994 the concentrations were almost back to level of before flooding. A preliminary analysis of temporal changes in the 137Cs levels in the flooded areas, suggests that these levels are enhanced by two major pathways: through deposition of contaminated suspended matter and/or through direct uptake from the flood water by submerged plants. Understanding of the contribution of these pathways to contamination of riverine ecosystems is essential for assessment, management and restoration of contaminated territories. Achievements: Foreseen Results This project has four aims: (i) to get a better understanding of the hydrochemistry of 137Cs in flood water by collection of field data which will allow for data processing using geostatistical techniques and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) (ii) to exchange knowledge and to train the collaborators in geostatistical methods for spatial and temporal sampling and monitoring, remote sensing, and GIS-based modelling, so that implementing the EDSP can be carried out (iii) to implement the EDSP in the NIS countries. The EDSP will be tested and applied to existing databases of the radiation situation in the Chernobyl accident areas, already available in the NIS countries (iv) to demonstrate the use of modern advanced information technologies as GIS, geostatistics, and remote sensing to improve the data analysis of radioactively contaminated areas. Prime Contractor: Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht; Vakgroep Fysische Geografie, Faculteit Ruimtelijke Wetenschappen; Utrecht.
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