Die stetig wachsende Bevölkerung führt zu einem steigenden Bedarf an Frischwasser und die Entnahme von Grundwasser ist eine der wichtigsten Quellen diesen Bedarf zu decken. Engpässe in der Frischwasserversorgung haben die Suche Nachweis von frischem Grundwasser unter dem heutigen Meeresboden angetrieben. Die Rolle glazialer Strukturen, welche während der Vergletscherungen entstanden sind, ist jedoch im Hinblick auf das Vorkommen frischen Grundwassers noch wenig bekannt. Insbesondere sogenannte Tunneltäler (TT), welche sich unter den Eisschilden bildeten, könnten von besonderer Relevanz sein. Ihre Ausmaße (bis zu 5 km breit, 400 m tief, 100te km lang) spiegeln die gewaltigen Schmelzwassermengen wider, die den Untergrund unter den Eisschilden durchspülten. Ihre Entstehung und Füllung resultierte in stark durchlässigen Sanden und Kiesen im unteren Teil und feinkörnigen Ablagerungen im oberen Teil dieser Strukturen. Diese Konfiguration begünstigt eine Rolle als bevorzugte Fließwege für offshore Grundwasser. Zur Untersuchung des Potenzials von TT als bevorzugte Fließwege für offshore frisches Grundwasser (OFG), verfolgt dieses Projekt folgende Ziele: (O1) Durch die Kombination von elektromagnetischen und seismischen Daten wollen wir ein strukturgebundenes Widerstandsmodell für mehrere TT erstellen; (O2) Wir wollen die Salzgehaltswerte für verschiedene Architekturen und Tiefen von TT abschätzen; (O3) Aufbauend auf den ersten beiden Zielen wollen wir die Ergebnisse für das gesamte Arbeitsgebiet in ein detailliertes lithologisches 3D-Modell extrapolieren. Die sich daraus ergebende Salzgehaltsverteilung im Untergrund wird dazu beitragen, die Ober- und Untergrenzen des Volumens frischen Grundwassers abzugrenzen und die Grundlage für ein detailliertes Grundwassermodell schaffen. Folgende Schritte sind dazu nötig: (S1) Kartierung und Charakterisierung der räumlichen Heterogenität von TT anhand vorhandener seismischer Daten; (S2) Erstellung eines lithologischen Modells für den Untergrund zwischen Amrum und Helgoland von 0 bis 400 m Tiefe; (S3) Identifizierung vielversprechender Standorte und Durchführung von CSEM-Messungen (Controlled Source Electromagnetic) zur Untersuchung der Verteilung des elektrischen Widerstands im Untergrund (TT); (S4) Kombination von Widerstandsmessungen mit Mehrkanal-Seismikdaten (MCS) zur Ableitung des Salzgehalts der Porenflüssigkeit; (S5) Extrapolation der Ergebnisse für das gesamte lithologische Modell. Tunneltäler existieren in ehemals vergletscherten Regionen weltweit. Gelingt uns der Nachweis von OFG in Tunneltälern, hätte dies erhebliche Implikationen für bisher unbekannte Süßwasserverteilungen und hydrologische Systeme. Die uns zur Verfügung stehenden Daten bieten eine einzigartige Möglichkeit zur Integration von CSEM- und seismischen Messungen bei begrenztem Aufwand. Die Ergebnisse des Projekts werden einen neuen Blick auf offshore Gletscherlandschaften und ihre Rolle im pleistozänen Wasserkreislauf erlauben.
This dataset consists of data products derived from broadband signal detection lists that have been processed for the certified infrasound stations of the International Monitoring System. More specifically, this dataset, called the ‘maw’ product, covers a very low frequency range of infrasound (0.02-0.07 Hz). The temporal resolution (time step and window length) is 30 min. For processing the infrasound data, the Progressive Multi-Channel Correlation (PMCC) array processing algorithm with a one-third octave frequency band configuration between 0.01 and 4 Hz has been used. The detected signals from the most dominant directions in terms of number of arrivals within a time window and the product-specific frequency range are summarized at predefined time steps. Along with several detection parameters such as the back azimuth, apparent velocity, or mean frequency, additional quantities for assessing the relative quality of the detection parameters are provided. The dataset is available as a compressed .zip file containing the yearly data products (.nc files, NetCDF format) of all certified stations (since 2003). Further information on the processing and details about the open-access data products can be found in: Hupe et al. (2022), IMS infrasound data products for atmospheric studies and civilian applications, Earth System Science Data, doi:10.5194/essd-14-4201-2022.
Since the eighties BGR carries out helicopter borne measurements in Germany as well as in neighbouring and distant countries. In particular a series of continuous areas on the German North Sea coast are flown during the last years within the context of the D-AERO project. The helicopter of type Sikorsky S-76B is operated for the airborne geophysical survey of the earth's subsurface. Usually airborne electromagnetic, magnetic and radiometric measurements are carried out. The 13 GML files for each airborne geophysical survey area together with a Readme.txt file are provided in ZIP format (D-AERO-INSPIRE.zip). The Readme.text file (German/English) contains detailed information on the GML files content. Data transformation was proceeded by using the INSPIRE Solution Pack for FME according to the INSPIRE requirements of data specification Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0), Sub-theme Geophysics.
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Sciences has an almost 30-year history as an open-access library for archiving, publishing, and disseminating georeferenced data from the Earth, environmental, and biodiversity sciences. Originally evolving from a database for sediment cores, it is operated as a joint facility of the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) and the Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM) at the University of Bremen. The the commitment of the hosting institutions ensures FAIRness of published data. Furthermore, PANGAEA guarantees TRUSTed long-term availability (greater than 10 years) of its content. PANGAEA holds a mandate from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and is accredited as a World Radiation Monitoring Center (WRMC). It was further accredited as a World Data Center by the International Council for Science (ICS) in 2001 and has been certified with the Core Trust Seal since 2019. The cooperation between PANGAEA and the publishing industry along with the correspondent technical implementation enables the cross-referencing of scientific publications and datasets archived as supplements to these publications. PANGAEA is the recommended data repository of numerous international scientific journals.
This project is a continuation of project F funded in the first phase of the DFG Research Group CAOS, where we evaluated the potential of different ground-based geophysical techniques for exploring hydrological systems regarding subsurface structures, characteristics, and processes. Building up on the results of this project, we now focus on further developing selected geophysical techniques (timelapse GPR imaging) for deepening our understanding of hydrological processes at the plot and hillslope scale. In addition, we propose to systematically evaluate modem remote sensing techniques because they cun-ently represent the only means to efficiently explore larger areas or entire catchments. Here, we focus on a combination of full-waveform laserscanning and hyperspectral imaging because they can provide detailed Information regarding geometrical and physical properties of earth's surface, respectively. To link remote sensing with point/plot/hillslope scale data as provided by geophysics and conventional hydrological field techniques, we believe that further methodological innovations are needed. For example, we plan to establish a unique field laboratory to better understand the responses of geophysical and remote sensing techniques to different natural and artificial hydrological events and to develop exploration strategies advancing the applicability of geophysics and remote sensing for hydrological applications at a variety of spatial scales.
Der Datensatz umfasst die Nachweisdaten der 2D-seismischen Surveys, die in den Anwendungsbereich des Geologiedatengesetzes fallen und von denen mindestens eine Profillinie in der Ausschließlichen Wirtschaftszone Deutschlands liegt oder deren Grenzverlauf kreuzt.
The World Stress Map (WSM) is the global compilation of information on the present-day stress field in the Earth's crust. The current WSM database release 2025 (Heidbach et al., 2025) has 100,842 data records, but the data are unevenly distributed and clustered. To analyse the wavelength of the crustal stress pattern of the orientation of maximum horizontal stress SHmax, we use so-called smoothed stress maps that show the mean SHmax orientation on regular grids. The mean SHmax orientation is estimated using the 77,365 A-C data records from the WSM database release 2025 in the Matlab® script stress2grid v.1.1 (Ziegler and Heidbach, 2019) which is based on the circular statistics of axial data. We use a search radius around the grid point and compute the mean SHmax orientation if at least five data records are within the search radius. The significance of the results is further improved by the weighting of the input data by three different parameters. 1.) Data quality weighting with wQ=1/15 for A-, wQ=1/20 for B-, and wQ = 1/25 for C-quality data. 2.) Inverse distance weighting relative to the grid point. This is based on the assumption that the closer a data record is to a grid point, the more strongly the stress state at the grid point influences that data record. Consequently, the contribution of an individual data record to the SHmax orientation increases with decreasing distance to the grid point. 3.) Minimum distance threshold: Data records located very close to a grid point would be overrepresented by the distance weight. To avoid this, a minimum distance threshold is applied such that all data records within 10% of the search radius are assigned the same weighting coefficient. Using a fixed search radius effectively filters from the SHmax data records the wavelength defined by the chosen search radius and does not resolve rotations of SHmax at smaller spatial scales. We provide 13 global datasets for SHmax calculated with search radii of 500 km, 250km, 100km, and 50 km. For the 500 km and 250 km search all four grids are used on 2°, 1°, 0.5°, and 0.2°. For the 100 km search radius the 1°, 0.5°, and 0.2° grids are used and for the 50 km search radius only the 0.5° and 0.2° grids are applied. Details on the format of the data files with the mean SHmax orientation are provided in the accompanying Readme file. Further details on the WSM database release 2025 are available in the WSM Technical Report 25-01 (Rajabi et al., 2025).
The World Stress Map (WSM) is a global compilation of information on the crustal present-day stress field. It is a collaborative project between academia and industry that aims to characterize the stress pattern and to understand the stress sources. It commenced in 1986 as a project of the International Lithosphere Program under the leadership of Mary-Lou Zoback. From 1995-2008 it was a project of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities headed first by Karl Fuchs and then by Friedemann Wenzel. Since 2009 the WSM is maintained at the GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences. The WSM database release 2025 contains 100,842 data records within the Earth’s crust. The data are provided in two formats: Excel-file (wsm2025.xlsx) and comma separated fields (wsm2025.csv). Data records with reliable A-C quality are displayed in the World Stress Map (doi:10.5880/WSM.2025.002). Further detailed information on the WSM quality ranking scheme 2025, guidelines for the analysis of borehole logging data, and software for stress map generation and the stress pattern analysis is available at www.world-stress-map.org. The database structure and content is explained in the WSM Technical Report TR 25-01 (https://doi.org/10.48440/wsm.2025.001).
Supplementary information to the manuscript “Seismoacoustic analysis of a Falcon 9 rocket stage re-entry over central Europe on 19 February 2025” by Hupe et al. (2026). Results of the Progressive Multi-Channel Correlation (PMCC) processing for far-field infrasound stations, displayed in Figure 7 of the manuscript (IS26 in Germany, NRSI in Norway, HFSI in Sweden). The netcdf files contain the following detection parameters of single arrivals: Time, duration, back-azimuth, apparent velocity, frequency, family identifier. Data format: One .nc file for each station.
Datenebene enthält die Gebiete geophysikalischer Untersuchungen unterteilt in die einzelnen Messverfahren Geoelektrik, Geomagnetik, Gravimetrie, Seismik. Die Informationen zu den geophysikalischen Untersuchungen beinhalten Angaben zum Gebiet, Zeitraum der Messungen, Ergebnisberichte und Bezeichnungen der Ablage im Fachinformationssystem. Darüber hinaus enthält die Datenebene die Standorte der seismologischen Überwachung in Sachsen-Anhalt, Informationen zu den Stationen und der Überwachungsergebnisse. Messdaten sind nicht Bestandteil dieses Datensatzes.
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