For this update of the glacier inventory of the Salzburg region (Austria), 172 glaciers across 7 mountain groups in the state of Salzburg were mapped. Two datasets are presented here: one derived from orthophotos and one from hillshaded digital elevation models (DEMs). The most recent glacier boundaries were primarily derived from orthophotos taken in 2018. Exceptions include glaciers No. 5016 and 5017, for which mapping is based on data from 2013, and several glaciers in the Zillertal Alps (Nos. 5148, 5150, 5152, 5153, 5154, 9002, 9003, 9004, 9005), which were mapped using data from 2016 (see Fig. 4, and table "GI5_Salzburg_Gletscherliste_Orthofotos" in Bertolotti and Fischer, 2020 and 2021, attached). These boundaries were used to calculate area changes. For volume change calculations, glacier boundaries correspond to the most recent available LiDAR flight years: 2008, 2009, 2012, 2013, or 2018, depending on the glacier (see Figs. 1–3 and table "GI5_Salzburg_Gletscherliste_DGM" in Bertolotti and Fischer, 2020 and 2021). The updated glacier outlines were mapped based on the 2009 inventory (GI3, Fischer et al., 2015), digital elevation models from the latest survey years (Figs. 1–3), and orthophotos from 2018 (or 2013/2016 in the exceptions noted above). Volume changes were calculated using elevation models from 1998 (GI2). Area changes were also compared with earlier inventories: GI1 (Groß, 1987) and GI2 (Lambrecht and Kuhn, 2007). Almost all glaciers are located along the main Alpine ridge and are distributed across seven mountain groups: Ankogel-Hochalmspitz Group, Glockner Group, Granatspitz Group, Hochkönig Group (also known as the Salzburg Limestone Alps), Sonnblick Group (also known as the Goldberg Group), Venediger Group, and Zillertal Alps. Only the three glaciers in the Hochkönig Group are located outside the main Alpine ridge.
The annual glacier mass balance of Hallstätter Gletscher in Austria is measured since 1.10.2006 with the direct glaciological method in the fixed date system (1.10. to 30. 09. of the following year). The accumulation of snow is measured by determination of the water equivalent in 6 snow pits, the ice ablation is measured with 15 stakes drilled into the ice. Results are the annual net mass balance in kg, the total accumulation and ablation, the glacier area and the portions of the area which are subject to ablation and accumulation, the elevation of the equilibrium line and the specific mass balance in kg/m² (= mm w.e.). The accumulation during the winter is determined by the 1 May. The project is funded by the Federal Government of Upper Austria. The measurements are carried out the Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the company Blue Sky in Gmunden, Austria.
A third glacier inventory (GI3) is presented for the province of Salzburg where 173 glaciers are located in the seven mountain ranges: Ankogel (47°4'N, 13°14'E), Glockner, Granatspitz, Sonnblick (Goldberg), Hochkönig, Venediger and Zillertal (47°8'N, 12°7'E). The basis for the new GI3 are orthophotos of 2007 and 2009 and the digital elevation model (DEM) of the southern part of Salzburg. On the basis of former inventories, area- and volume changes have been calculated. The biggest relative loss of glacier area per mountain range was found in the Ankogel range and on Hochkönig as a result of the disrupted structure of their small and thin glaciers. In terms of absolute values, the largest changes took place in the Glockner- and Venediger range with an area loss of -10.1 km**2 and -9.7 km**2 during the period between GI1 (1969) and GI3 (2007/2009), respectively. Volume changes have been calculated for nearly half of the glacier area in Salzburg, where DEMs were available. The Glockner, Granatspitz and Sonnblick mountain ranges showed a volume loss of -0.481 km**3 which corresponds to a mean thickness change of -10.5 m. An extrapolation of these changes to all of the 173 glaciers in Salzburg results in a loss of about 1.04 km**3 between GI1 and GI3 and 0.44 km**3 between GI2 and GI3. Overall annual changes in the province of Salzburg between GI2 and GI3 were higher than between GI1 and GI2 and show likewise changes such as those of Tyrol.
The annual glacier mass balance of Hallstätter Gletscher in Austria is measured since 2006-10-01 with the direct glaciological method in the fixed date system (1st October to 30th September of the following year). The accumulation of snow is measured by determination of the water equivalent in 6 snow pits, the ice ablation is measured with 15 stakes drilled into the ice. Results are the annual net mass balance in kg, the total accumulation and ablation, the glacier area and the portions of the area which are subject to ablation and accumulation, the elevation of the equilibrium line and the specific mass balance in kg/m**2 (= mm w.e.). The accumulation during the winter is determined by the 1st May. The project is funded by the Amt der Oberösterreichischen Landesregierung and the Energie AG. The measurements are carried out by the Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research (http://www.mountainresearch.at/index.php/en/) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the company Blue Sky in Gmunden, Austria. New data will be added every year.
The annual glacier mass balance of Hallstätter Gletscher in Austria is measured since 1.10.2006 with the direct glaciological method in the fixed date system (1.10. to 30. 09. of the following year). The accumulation of snow is measured by determination of the water equivalent in 6 snow pits, the ice ablation is measured with 15 stakes drilled into the ice. Results are the annual net mass balance in kg, the total accumulation and ablation, the glacier area and the portions of the area which are subject to ablation and accumulation, the elevation of the equilibrium line and the specific mass balance in kg/m² (= mm w.e.). The accumulation during the winter is determined by the 1 May. The project is funded by the Federal Government of Upper Austria. The measurements are carried out the Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the company Blue Sky in Gmunden, Austria.
The annual glacier mass balance of Hallstätter Gletscher in Austria is measured since 1.10.2006 with the direct glaciological method in the fixed date system (1.10. to 30. 09. of the following year). The accumulation of snow is measured by determination of the water equivalent in 6 snow pits, the ice ablation is measured with 15 stakes drilled into the ice. Results are the annual net mass balance in kg, the total accumulation and ablation, the glacier area and the portions of the area which are subject to ablation and accumulation, the elevation of the equilibrium line and the specific mass balance in kg/m² (= mm w.e.). The accumulation during the winter is determined by the 1 May. The project is funded by the Federal Government of Upper Austria. The measurements are carried out the Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the company Blue Sky in Gmunden, Austria.
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