This dataset contains large-scale groundwater storage anomalies for the Sesan and Srepok catchments in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The anomalies were derived from in-situ groundwater well water level time series and hydrogeological information. A detailed description of the datasets and methods can be found in Sayyadi et al 2025.
The dataset is comprised of three files: insitu_groundater_storage_anomalies.csv, GW_wells.csv and a shape file with the Thiessen polygones indicating the extent of the area for which the storage calculations were performed.
insitu_groundater_storage_anomalies.csv contains the groundwater storage variations, with the following columns:
1. gws_mm (Groundwater Storage in millimeters): The gws_mm data represent groundwater storage anomalies derived from in-situ well measurements. Groundwater levels were recorded monthly from a network of observation wells across the study area. Specific yield values were used to convert the groundwater level variations into storage anomalies, measured in millimeters of water equivalent.
2. seasonal_adjusted: The seasonal_adjusted data were obtained by removing the seasonal component from the raw groundwater storage time series (gws_mm). This was done by calculating the mean monthly anomalies and subtracting them from the original data to isolate non-seasonal variations.
3. trend: The trend data represent the linear trend component of the groundwater storage anomalies. The trend was calculated using a linear regression model applied to the seasonal-adjusted data, highlighting long-term groundwater storage changes over the study period.
4. detrended: The detrended data were created by removing both the seasonal and long-term trend components from the gws_mm data. This dataset captures short-term fluctuations and anomalies, free from the regular seasonal and trend influences.
GW_wells.csv contains a list of the griundwater wells used in the study, with information about their location and lithology, as well as the range of associated specific yields (sy).
Thiessen_polygones_GW_wells_2S.shp is a georeferenced shape sile containing the Thiessen polygones for the wells in GW_wells.csv.
Real-time fluid monitoring began in late 2020 in the East Eifel and currently includes 12 sites, such as abandoned CO₂ wells, mofettes, CO₂-rich springs, CO₂-rich soil, and a cold-water geyser in the West Eifel. For the first time, fluid data are being recorded continuously with a high temporal resolution of up to 1 Hz. Depending on the local site conditions, the following parameters are being monitored: instrument temperature and battery voltage; barometric pressure and temperature; meteorological parameters; water level, wellhead pressure, water temperature; radon in free gas phase; CO2 concentration and CO2 flux in soil gas. Data are transmitted hourly via FTP to GFZ. While we generally observe small seasonal variations, short-term transients related to heavy rain or local and distant earthquakes are indicated. Over longer periods, we observe trend changes in helium isotope ratios, radon concentration, and water temperature. For example, two sites exhibited significant helium isotope changes from 2021 to 2025, which appear to correlate with earthquake swarms at depth. These examples demonstrate the necessity of jointly interpreting meteorological, hydrogeological, geophysical, and geodetic data.