Aufgabe des Projekts ist, neue seltenerdmetallfreie Fe-reiche intermetallische Phasen für potentielle leistungsstarke und kosteneffiziente Dauermagnete aufzuspüren und zu erforschen, sowie deren industrielle Fertigung vorwettbewerblich aufzuzeigen. Mit diesen Dauermagneten soll das bislang noch unerschlossene Gebiet zwischen konventionellen Hartferriten und superstarken NdFeB-Magneten erschlossen werden. Neben der Erarbeitung von entsprechenden Suchstrategien stehen dabei die gezielte (Weiter-)Entwicklung und Durchführung von High-Throughput-Experimenten zur Herstellung von Proben und zur Bewertung ihrer Eigenschaften im Vordergrund. Darüber hinaus werden die interessantesten der neu gefundenen intermetallischen Phasen isoliert hergestellt und ihre Eigenschaften systematisch charakterisiert sowie durch Weiterverarbeitung zu kunststoffgebundenen Magneten und Sintermagneten anwendungsnah getestet.
For frequencies above 30 mHz the instrument intrinsic noise level of typical fluxgate magnetometers used at geomagnetic observatories usually masks ambient magnetic field variations on magnetically quiet days. Natural field variations referred to as pulsations (Pc-1, Pc-2, Pi-1) fall in this band. Usually their intensity is so small that they rarely surpass the instrumental noise of fluxgate magnetometers. INTERMAGNET has set a minimum quality standard for definitive 1 s data (Turbitt, 2014) which can actually hardly be met by fluxgate magnetometers in use by magnetic observatories.Brunke et al. (2017) propose a method to improve 1Hz observatory data by merging data from the proven and tested fluxgate magnetometers currently in use with induction coil magnetometers into a single data stream. This data publication includes the according MATLAB software package implementing the merging of both data sets. The content of the software package and the functionality of each module is described in the content.txt file that is also included in the zip folder. The resulting data are in line with the INTERMAGNET format for 1 s magnetic data, but surpasses the INTERMAGNET 1 s standard by far. The long term stability of the fluxgate data is not affected. The changes to the fluxgate data remain within the range of the instrument intrinsic noise. In addition to the Matlab software, we provide test datasets of one day length kindly provided by the magnetic observatories Niemegk, Conrad and Eskdalemuir.
The Black Forest Observatory Data collection compiles digital data recorded at Black Forest Observatory (BFO) in Germany and provided through several international data centers. BFO aims to observe the entire geodynamic spectrum. It strives to ensure continuous, uninterrupted operation and is internationally recognized for high signal quality and sensitivity. Observed quantities cover three components of acceleration (including ground motion, gravity and tilt), strain, magnetic field, and others (see description of instruments below). The set of instruments and data recorders in operation provides a significant level of redundancy, which allows to distinguish natural phenomena from possible instrumental artefacts. The Black Forest Observatory (BFO) is a joint research facility of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and the University of Stuttgart (Duffner et al., 2018; Gottschämmer et al. 2014). Since 1971 it is operated in cooperation of the geophysical and geodetic institutes of both universities (Zürn, 2014). BFO is staffed with two scientists and one technician. Main activities of the observatory fall into four categories, which are (1) observation and publication of a continuously recorded multi-parameter geodynamic data set, (2) research, (3) hosting of guest-experiments, and (4) teaching. The location of the observatory (48.3301 °N, 8.3296 °E) in the middle of the Black Forest was carefully selected at large distances to potential anthropogenic sources of noise. The instruments are deployed in a former silver mine in competent granite rock at a depth of up to 170 m below the surface and at up to 700 m distance from the entrance of the mine. This provides a thermally very stable environment. Two air-locks provide additional protection against air-pressure variations and ensure thermal stability. Because of these favorable conditions and the excellent high precision instruments operated at BFO the observatory is internationally well known as one of the most sensitive sites for long period observations, providing international standards for the scientific community, e.g. for recordings of Earth's free oscillations. The Black Forest Observatory operates broad-band seismometers (STS-1 and STS-2), gravimeters (superconducting gravimeter SG056, LaCoste Romberg earth-tide gravimeter ET-19), tiltmeters (Askania borehole tiltmeter, Horsfall fluid tiltmeter), an array of three invar-wire strainmeters, magnetometers (a scalar GSM-90 Overhauser magnetometer and a three component Rasmussen fluxgate magnetometers) and a permanent GPS-station. These are supplemented by regularly repeated magnetic base-line measurements and observations of absolute gravity as well as the recording of several environmental parameters (air-pressure, infrasound, humidity, wind speed, precipitation and temperature). Some of the latter are used to correct geodynamic recordings for remaining disturbances. The data are published in near-real-time through international data centers (IRIS DMC at Seattle, SZO at the BGR in Hannover, INTERMAGNET, GNSS Data Center at the BKG in Frankfurt, IGETS Database at GFZ Potsdam). Data are made available free of charge to scientific projects as well as to the general public with attribution as defined in the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence (CC BY 4.0). An extended review of research at BFO is given by Zürn (2014) and Duffner et al. (2018, in German). Both provide references to published BFO research.
Definitive digital values of the Earth's mangetic field recorded during 1991 and 2017 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive file (gzipped tar format) available from this landing page. This is the 24th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual.
Definitive digital values of the Earth's mangetic field recorded from 1991 to 2015 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive file (gzipped tar format) available from this landing page. This is the 25th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual and the Technical note TN6 "INTERMAGNET Definitive One-second Data Standard"..
Definitive digital values of the Earth's mangetic field recorded during 2014 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive file (gzipped tar format) available from this landing page. This is the 24th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted".For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual and the Technical note TN6 "INTERMAGNET Definitive One-second Data Standard"..
Definitive digital values of the Earth's mangetic field recorded during 1991..2018 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive files. This is the 28th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". Beginning with the publication of the definitive data for 2015, INTERMAGNET stopped publishing individual years of data and started publishing the entire, cumulative definitive data set since INTERMAGNET’s first recorded definitive data in 1991. This data set is known as the "INTERMAGNET Reference Data Set" (IRDS). The IRDS comprises all INTERMAGNET one-minute definitive data since 1991 and is annually updated with a new year and occasional corrections to previous releases. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". File names for IRDS data are formatted in the form mag<year>_def<year>.zip. The mag<year> section of the filename describes the year in which the data was recorded. The def<year> section of the filename describes the most recent annual INTERMAGNET publication in which the data was updated. Files where mag<year> = def<year> have had no corrections since their original publication. For example, "mag2015_def2016" indicates that this file is different from the first release "mag2015_def2015". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual.
Definitive digital values of the Earth's magnetic field recorded during 1991 to 2020 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included, as are K indices, which quantify disturbance levels at each observatory. All data are included on the downloadable archive files. This is the 30th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual (https://doi.org/10.48440/INTERMAGNET.2020.001).
Definitive digital values of the Earth's magnetic field recorded during 1991..2019 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive files. This is the 28th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual and the Technical note TN6 "INTERMAGNET Definitive One-second Data Standard".
Definitive digital values of the Earth's magnetic field recorded during 1991..2019 at INTERMAGNET observatories around the world. Data includes minute, hourly and daily vector values, along with observatory baseline values for quality control. Annual means are also included. All data is included on the single downloadable archive files. This is the 28th annual publication in the series. Some national data institutions may have related DOIs that describe subsets of the data. These DOIs are shown under "Related DOIs to be quoted". For more information on the data formats used in this publication and the technical standards used to create the data, please refer to the INTERMAGNET Technical Manual and the Technical note TN6 "INTERMAGNET Definitive One-second Data Standard".
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