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Waterbase - UWWTD: Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive – reported data

The Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive concerns the collection, treatment and discharge of urban waste water and the treatment and discharge of waste water from certain industrial sectors. The objective of the Directive is to protect the environment from the adverse effects of the above mentioned waste water discharges. This series contains time series of spatial and tabular data covering Agglomerations, Discharge Points, and Treatment Plants.

Floods Reference Spatial Datasets reported under Floods Directive - version 3.0, Mar. 2025

The Floods Directive (FD) was adopted in 2007 (https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32007L0060). The purpose of the FD is to establish a framework for the assessment and management of flood risks, aiming at the reduction of the adverse consequences for human health, the environment, cultural heritage and economic activity associated with floods in the European Union. ‘Flood’ means the temporary covering by water of land not normally covered by water. This shall include floods from rivers, mountain torrents, Mediterranean ephemeral water courses, and floods from the sea in coastal areas, and may exclude floods from sewerage systems. This reference spatial dataset, reported under the Floods Directive, includes the areas of potential significant flood risk (APSFR), as they were lastly reported by the Member States to the European Commission, and the Units of Management (UoM).

Einfluss der langfristigen Bodenerwärmung auf die Dynamik der organischen Bodensubstanz in einem subarktischen Waldökosystem

Der Klimawandel bewirkt auch eine Erwärmung des Bodens, wodurch es zu einem verstärkten Abbau der organischen Substanz kommt. Dies könnte zu einem der stärksten Feedback-Mechanismen des Klimawandels werden, da durch diesen Prozess große Mengen CO2 emittiert würden. Ob tatsächlich Böden in sämtlichen Ökosysteme bei anhaltender Erwärmung zu Netto-CO2 Quellen werden, ist allerdings umstritten und sehr unsicher. Die am Umsatz der organischen Substanz beteiligten biogeochemischen Prozesse, und deren Änderung durch Erwärmung sind nicht im Detail verstanden. Dies liegt vor allem an den Schwierigkeiten der experimentellen Umsetzung von Bodenerwärmung. Besonders über lange Zeiträume, sowie in Unterböden, gibt es global kaum Beobachtungen zur Wirkung von Bodenerwärmung. Gerade ersteres erschwert die Abschätzung von neuen Gleichgewichtszuständen. Auch sogenannte Kipppunkte sind mit einer einzigen Erwärmungsstufe nicht zu ermitteln. Im Projekt AWESOME soll ein natürlicher (geothermaler) Erwärmungsgradient im kanadischen Yukon Territory genutzt werden, um wesentliche Erkenntnisse über die komplexen Wirkungen von Erwärmung auf die Interkation zwischen autotrophen und heterotrophen Organismen und der Mineralphase zu gewinnen. Erste Ergebnisse aus Voruntersuchungen zeigten, dass sich in dem geothermal erwärmten Boden unter subarktischem Laubwald Kohlenstoff um bis zu 22% reduziert war, während der Gesamtstickstoff im Boden unverändert blieb. Dabei kam es allerdings zu einer Stabilisierung des Stickstoffs in organischer Substanz an der Mineralphase. Vier Erwärmungsstufen mit einer Temperaturspanne von 8°C sind bereits etabliert und ein in-situ Mikrokosmenexperiment mit isotopisch markierter Streu wurde bereits im Sommer 2019 gestartet. Ein grundlegend verbessertes Verständnis dieser Beobachtungen und der Wirkung von jahrhundertelanger Erwärmung im Boden auf Umsetzungsprozesse der organischen Bodensubstanz soll durch dieses Projekt gewonnen werden. Sowohl Veränderungen der Vegetation und des Kohlenstoffeintrags, als auch der mikrobiellen Physologie, Gemeinschaft, deren Anpassung sowie der Qualität der organischen Bodensubstanz stehen im Fokus. Änderungen der Hydrologie (Bodenfeuchte) sowie der Mineralogie (Verwitterung) sollen als erklärende Variablen ebenfalls über den gesamten Erwärmungsgradienten abgebildet werden. Mit Hilfe mehrerer Kooperationspartner, modernsten Methoden der bodenkundlichen und mikrobiellen Forschung sowie einem idealen Versuchsstandort soll das Projekt AWESOME wichtige Fortschritte in einem zentralen Zukunftsthema liefern. Die Ergebnisse werden schließlich in Bezug zu einem weiteren geothermalen Erwärmungsexperiment auf Island gesetzt, um Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten herauszuarbeiten.

Late-Glacial and Holocene vegetational stability of southern South America

This project focuses on the long-term stability (or otherwise) of vegetation, based on a series of multi-proxy records in southern South America. We will build a network of sites suitable for high-resolution reconstructions of changes in vegetation since the Last Glacial Maximum, and use these to test a null hypothesis that changes in vegetation over the past 14,000 years are driven by internal dynamics rather than external forcing factors. The extent to which the null hypothesis can be falsified will reveal the degree to which we can expect to be able to predict how vegetation is affected by external events, including future climate change. The southern fringes of the South American landmass provide a rare opportunity to examine the development of moorland vegetation with sparse tree cover in a wet, cool temperate climate of the Southern Hemisphere. We present a record of changes in vegetation over the past 17,000 years, from a lake in extreme southern Chile (Isla Santa Inés, Magallanes region, 53°38.97S; 72°25.24W; Fontana, Bennett 2012: The Holocene), where human influence on vegetation is negligible. The western archipelago of Tierra del Fuego remained treeless for most of the Lateglacial period. Nothofagus may have survived the last glacial maximum at the eastern edge of the Magellan glaciers from where it spread southwestwards and established in the region at around 10,500 cal. yr BP. Nothofagus antarctica was likely the earlier colonizing tree in the western islands, followed shortly after by Nothofagus betuloides. At 9000 cal. yr BP moorland communities expanded at the expense of Nothofagus woodland. Simultaneously, Nothofagus species shifted to dominance of the evergreen Nothofagus betuloides and the Magellanic rain forest established in the region. Rapid and drastic vegetation changes occurred at 5200 cal. yr BP, after the Mt Burney MB2 eruption, including the expansion and establishment of Pilgerodendron uviferum and the development of mixed Nothofagus-Pilgerodendron-Drimys woodland. Scattered populations of Nothofagus, as they occur today in westernmost Tierra del Fuego may be a good analogue for Nothofagus populations during the Lateglacial in eastern sites. Climate, dispersal barriers and/or fire disturbance may have played a role controlling the postglacial spread of Nothofagus. Climate change during the Lateglacial and early Holocene was a prerequisite for the expansion of Nothofagus populations and may have controlled it at many sites in Tierra del Fuego. The delayed arrival at the site, with respect to the Holocene warming, may be due to dispersal barriers and/or fire disturbance at eastern sites, reducing the size of the source populations. The retreat of Nothofagus woodland after 9000 cal. yr BP may be due to competitive interactions with bog communities. Volcanic disturbance had a positive influence on the expansion of Pilgerodendron uviferum and facilitated the development of mixed Nothofagus-Pilgerodendron-Drimys woodland.

WISE WFD Reference Spatial Datasets reported under Water Framework Directive 2016 - INTERNAL VERSION - version 1.7, Jul. 2024

The dataset contains information on the European river basin districts, the river basin district sub-units, the surface water bodies and the groundwater bodies delineated for the 2nd River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) as well as the European monitoring sites used for the assessment of the status of the above mentioned surface water bodies and groundwater bodies. This data set is available only for internal use of the European Commission and the European Environment Agency. Please use the "PUBLIC VERSION": https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/catalogue/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/a0731ebf-6bcc-4afe-bab0-39e7aa88eaba for external use. The information was reported to the European Commission under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) reporting obligations. The dataset compiles the available spatial data related to the 2nd RBMPs due in 2016 (hereafter WFD2016). See http://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/715 for further information on the WFD2016 reporting. See also https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/766 for information on the Environmental Quality Standards Directive - Preliminary programmes of measures and supplementary monitoring. Where available, spatial data related to the 3rd RBMPs due in 2022 (hereafter WFD2022) was used to update the WFD2016 data. See https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/780 for further information on the WFD2022 reporting.

EU27_2020 basemap for EEA internal use

This Discomap web map service provides an EU-27 (2020) basemap for internal EEA use as a background layer in viewers or any other web application. It is provided as REST and as OGC WMS services, dynamic and cached. The cached service has a custom cache at the following scales: 1/50.000.000 1/42.000.000 1/36.000.000 (Europe's size) 1/30.000.000 1/20.000.000 1/10.000.000 1/5.000.000 1/2.500.000 1/1.000.000.

WISE WFD Reference Spatial Datasets reported under Water Framework Directive 2016 - PUBLIC VERSION - version 1.9, Sep. 2025

The dataset contains information on the European river basin districts, the river basin district sub-units, the surface water bodies and the groundwater bodies delineated for the 2nd River Basin Management Plans (RBMP) under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) as well as the European monitoring sites used for the assessment of the status of the above mentioned surface water bodies and groundwater bodies. The information was reported to the European Commission under the Water Framework Directive (WFD) reporting obligations. The dataset compiles the available spatial data related to the 2nd RBMPs due in 2016 (hereafter WFD2016). See http://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/715 for further information on the WFD2016 reporting. See also https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/766 for information on the Environmental Quality Standards Directive - Preliminary programmes of measures and supplementary monitoring. Where available, spatial data related to the 3rd RBMPs due in 2022 (hereafter WFD2022) was used to update the WFD2016 data. See https://rod.eionet.europa.eu/obligations/780 for further information on the WFD2022 reporting. Note: * This dataset has been reported by the member states. The subsequent QC revealed some problems caused by self-intersections elements. Data in GPKG-format should be processed using QGIS.

Nachhaltigkeitsbericht Augsburg Ö1.4 Wärmeinseleffekt

Der Indikator zeigt die innerstädtische Überwärmung oder Wärmeinseleffekt (UHI = urban heat island) in Augsburg. Der Stadtmarkt-Logger, der in die „Temperatur Stadtmitte“ eingeht, hatte 2024 sehr viele Messausfälle. Dementsprechend ist die „Temperatur Stadtmitte“ für 2024 vermutlich eher etwas unterschätzt (und dementsprechend auch die UHI-Intensität): Quelle: Stadtklimamessnetz Augsburg, betrieben von Helmholtz Zentrum München – Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt und Lehrstuhl für Physische Geographie mit Schwerpunkt Klimaforschung - Universität Augsburg) und die Bearbeiter (Auswertung durch Lehrstuhl für Physische Geographie mit Schwerpunkt Klimaforschung - Universität Augsburg

Geographic Information System of the European Commission (GISCO)

This metadata refers to the whole content of GISCO reference database, which contains both public datasets (also available for the general public through http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/gisco/geodata) and datasets to be used only internally by the EEA (typically, but not only, GISCO datasets at 1:100k).

Exposure of older people to heatwaves in Europe (1980-2021), Apr 2023

This metadata refer to the dataset presenting the annual change in heatwave exposure of people over 65, expressed as the deviation in annual person-days of heatwave exposure relative to the 1986-2005 baseline. Heat exposure poses acute health risks, particularly to older people (ie, people older than 65 years), people with underlying, chronic respiratory, kidney, or heart disease, people living in urban areas, and people with little means to access cooling mechanisms. These heat-related health risks are of particular relevance to Europe, as the continent is experiencing ageing populations, urbanisation, and a high prevalence of chronic diseases.

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