Das Projekt "Impact Evaluation of Improved Stove Use in Burkina Faso - FAFASO" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Netherland's Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Policy and Operations Evaluation Department (IOB). Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung e.V. RWI, Kompetenzbereich Umwelt und Ressourcen.In most developing countries, the majority of households uses solid fuels like wood or charcoal for cooking purposes. Woodfuel usage for cooking purposes is associated with various negative effects on the health, gender, and the disposable income of households. Furthermore, in countries with rather low biomass production such as Senegal, this reliance on woodfuels may cause wood to be extracted in an unsustainable manner. Against this background, in many countries Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) supports the dissemination of improved cooking stoves that are expected to significantly reduce the wood or charcoal consumption per meal. RWI evaluates GIZ's improved stove dissemination program in Burkina Faso ('Foyer Amélioré au Burkina Faso', FAFASO). FAFASO is funded by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development. FAFASO does not directly subsidize ICS production but promotes the dissemination by training local producers (whitesmiths and potters) and by sensitization and marketing campaigns. FAFASO puts particular effort into quality assurance, since one of the major problems of former ICS programmes was that ICS producers did not maintain the higher quality of ICS compared to the traditional metal stoves - both types do not differ very much at the first glance - after the subsidizing programmes ended. FAFASO started in 2006 to promote ICS in urban areas and is currently expanding its activities to some rural areas. As part of an evaluation commissioned by the Policy and Operations Evaluation Department (IOB) of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs, RWI assesses the impacts of ICS usage on households, in particular on their wood fuel consumption (wood and charcoal) in the cities of Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso. The reason for focusing on wood fuel consumption is that, first, a reduction has immediate implications for wood scarcity and deforestation pressures. Second, only if we can confirm a significant reduction in wood fuel consumption, it is plausible to assume that smoke emissions decrease and time savings or a reduction in energy expenditures materialize. Hence, a reduction in wood fuel consumption is a precondition for impacts on the health, time use and household budget level. For this purpose, almost 1 500 households were interviewed in early 2011 - both ICS users and non-users. The impact of ICS usage is evaluated by means of a cross-sectional comparison. The virtue of the collected data is the detailed information on meal specific features. Therefore, it cannot be only controlled for household characteristics, but also for meal specific differences such as the type of dish prepared during a certain application of the stove or the number of people the meal is prepared for.
Das Projekt "Randomized Free Distribution of Improved Cooking Stoves in Rural Senegal" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung e.V. RWI, Kompetenzbereich Umwelt und Ressourcen.In most developing countries, the majority of households uses solid fuels like wood or charcoal for cooking purposes. Woodfuel usage for cooking purposes is associated with various negative effects on the health, gender, and the disposable income of households. Furthermore, in countries with rather low biomass production such as Senegal, this reliance on woodfuels may cause wood to be extracted in an unsustainable manner. Against this background, in many countries GIZ supports the dissemination of improved cooking stoves that are expected to significantly reduce the wood or charcoal consumption per meal. RWI evaluates GIZ's improved stove dissemination program in Senegal, whose focus so far has been the dissemination in urban areas. The intention of the program, however, is to extend activities in rural areas with different opportunities and challenges for the program. On the one hand, impact potentials are much higher than in cities where charcoal is used next to gas for cooking purposes. In rural areas, in contrast, people use firewood with implications on smoke emissions and women's work load. On the other hand, dissemination in rural areas is much more difficult, for example because people do not pay for the firewood and rather collect it, so that the investment in an improved stove does not amortize in monetary terms. In order to assess these impact potentials, but also possible dissemination strategies, RWI applies an experimental evaluation approach in rural Senegal. During a randomized controlled trial, 100 improved stoves were distributed randomly in November 2009 among 250 households that had been interviewed for a baseline survey before. In November 2010, the households were revisited in order to examine usage behavior, firewood consumption, firewood collection time, expenditures and respiratory disease symptoms. Thanks to the experimental set-up, self-selection problems typical for non-experimental studies can be avoided. Furthermore, it can be assessed to what extent people effectively use the improved stoves that they received for free.
Das Projekt "Impacts of Improved Stove Dissemination in Urban Senegal" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit Bonn. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung e.V. RWI, Kompetenzbereich Umwelt und Ressourcen.
Das Projekt "Untersuchung von Pflanzenoelen als Brennstoff fuer Haushalte in laendlichen Regionen von Entwicklungslaendern" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Technischen Umweltschutz, Fachgebiet Umweltchemie.Pflanzenoele koennten in Entwicklungslaendern Holz und Petroleum als Brennstoffe fuer Haushaltskocher substituieren, was aus Gruenden des Ressourcenschutzes erstrebenswert waere. Im Projekt sollen handelsuebliche Kocher an den Pflanzenoelbrennstoff angepasst werden. Anschliessend sollen ein Testprogramm sowie Emissionsmessungen durchgefuehrt werden.