LA-ICP-MS data from three different experiments including five foraminiferal species: Ammonia confertitesta (Bourgenuf, France), Bulimina marginata, Cassidulina laevigata (Gullmard Fjord, Sweden), Amphistegina lessonii and Operculina ammonoides (Eilat, Israel). Foraminifera were cultured at different oxygen concentrations (30% and 100% oxygen saturation). Element to calcium ratio (E/Ca) and partition coefficients (D) of Mg, Mn and Sr are noted for individual laser ablation measurements per specimen.
The dataset includes foraminiferal geochemistry and assemblage data, and pore water oxygen isotopes. The samples were collected during IODP Expedition 347 from Site M0059, located in the southern section of the Little Belt in the Baltic Sea. We have measured trace element concentrations (by LA-ICP-MS), oxygen and carbon isotopes of foraminiferal calcite, and fauna assemblage, for reconstruction of past environmental conditions over the past ~7.5 thousand years. We have also measured pore water oxygen isotopes from the same site. In the dataset we also present the trace element concentrations of foraminiferal calcite from IODP347 Site M0059 measured by solution-based ICP-OES. In addition, we include the measurement of water column salinity and oxygen isotopes data from cruise MSM 50 between the Skagerrak and the southern Baltic Sea.
Analyzing the chemical composition of rocks and minerals is an important tool for exploring and understanding mineral resources. Typically, hydrothermal ore deposits are characterized by primary alteration halos. At the world-class Panasqueira W-Sn-Cu deposit, the hydrothermal alteration of the wall rocks produced concentric zones with progressively greater distance from the veins, consisting of a proximal tourmaline-quartz-muscovite zone and a distal muscovite-quartz zone.
Panasqueira is a world-class W-Sn-Cu lode-type deposit located in the Castelo Branco district (Beira Baixa, central Portugal). The ore deposit consists of a swarm of sub-horizontal veins associated with a Late-Variscan S-type granite and enclosed by a metasedimentary unit of Late Ediacaran to Early Cambrian age (e.g., Kelly and Rye, 1979; Romão et al., 2013).
The veins are mainly composed of gangue quartz, muscovite and minor carbonates, apatite, topaz, topaz, fluorite, tourmaline, rutile, ilmenite, arsenopyrite, sphalerite, pyrite, marcasite, stannite, and pyrrhotite. Mineralization of wolframite, chalcopyrite, and cassiterite is predominantly hosted in veins with minor stringers and lenses of sulfide minerals in the wall rocks (e.g., Kelly and Rye, 1979; Polya, 1989; Polya et al., 2000). Although there is a strong variation in the vein mineralogy, typically, the quartz vein-filling is rimmed by a muscovite selvage up to 4-5 cm thick. The hydrothermal alteration produced a 2 to 30 cm thick tourmaline-rich alteration halo in the metasedimentary host rock (Bussink, 1984).
Tourmaline and mica are ubiquitous minerals at Panasqueira W-Sn-Cu and coexist in many other hydrothermal ore deposits worldwide. Both minerals are well-known to host variable amounts of trace elements and to have potential as pathfinder minerals as well as fluid monitors.
We analyzed major, minor and trace element contents of altered and unaltered metasediments from the Panasqueira by XRF and ICP-MS and tourmaline and white mica major, minor and trace element compositions by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) in previously well-characterized samples from different locations/setting in the mine (greisen, vein-selvages, wall-rock alteration zones, fault zone, and late vugs).
The analyzed samples are described by Codeço et al. (2017), Codeço et al. (2019), and Codeço et al. 2020). These studies discuss the chemical (major, minor, and trace elements) and boron-isotopic compositions of tourmaline and white mica, and whole-rock chemistry of altered and unaltered metasediments. Further details on sample description can be found in the folder "2020-002_Codeco-et-al_Samples" and the analytical methods are described in " 2020-002_Codeco-et-al_data-description.pdf".
Detailed information about the samples used, the location, and general geological background of the samples, and the analytical method is provided in the data description "2020-002_Codeco-et-al_data-description.pdf ".