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Terrestrial, UAV-borne, and airborne laser scanning point clouds of central European forest plots, Germany, with extracted individual trees and manual forest inventory measurements

Laser scanning point clouds of forest stands were acquired in southwest Germany in 2019 and 2020 from different platforms: an aircraft, an uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) and a ground-based tripod. The UAV-borne and airborne laser scanning campaigns cover twelve forest plots of approximately 1 ha. The plots are located in mixed central European forests close to Bretten and Karlsruhe, in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Terrestrial laser scanning was performed in selected locations within the twelve forest plots. Airborne and terrestrial laser scanning point clouds were acquired under leaf-on conditions, UAV-borne laser scans were acquired both under leaf-on and later under leaf-off conditions. In addition to the laser scanning campaigns, forest inventory tree properties (species, height, diameter at breast height, crown base height, crown diameter) were measured in-situ during summer 2019 in six of the twelve 1-ha plots. Single tree point clouds were extracted from the different laser scanning datasets and matched to the field measurements. For each tree entry, point clouds, tree species, position, and field-measured and point cloud-derived tree metrics are provided. For 249 trees, point clouds from all three platforms are available. The tree models form the basis of a single tree database covering a range of species typical for central European forests which is currently being established in the framework of the SYSSIFOSS project.

Photos of marine litter in the shallow seafloor of the southernmost North and Baltic seas during the Walther Herwig III cruise WH462 in 2022

The dataset is a set of photos of marine litter at the seafloor and corresponding coordinates. The photos were taken in the southernmost North and Baltic seas, between 30.11.2022 and 12.12.2022 during the Walther Herwig III 462 research cruise (Date begin: 29.11.2022 - Date end: 14.12.2022, harbor begin: Bremerhaven - harbor end: Bremerhaven) . The video system used consists of a GoPro HERO 9 black in an aluminium case mounted in the front of the sledge and two lights with a total of 7200 lumen. Three laser pointers mounted in an equilateral triangle (laser center point distance 25.5 cm) provided the size reference for the video observation. The photos were taken as part of a study to visually quantify the amount of marine letter in the seafloor and compare this value with bottom trawl data.

Sonderforschungsbereich (SFB) 1537: Skalenübergreifende Quantifizierung von Ökosystemprozessen in ihrer räumlich-zeitlichen Dynamik mittels smarter autonomer Sensornetzwerke, Teilprojekt A04: Prozessbasierte Analyse von Ökosystem-Atmosphäre-Austauschs von CO2, H2O und flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen (VOC)

A4.1 Ökosystemreaktionen und Rückkopplungen im Ökosystem-Atmosphäre-Austausch von CO2, H2O und VOCs in einem heterogenen Waldökosystem Um die Lücke zwischen der relativ kleinen Skala eines einzelnen Baumes und einem Waldbestand zu schließen, analysiert A4.1 den Austausch zwischen Ökosystem und Atmosphäre durch Eddy-Kovarianz Messungen von H2O, CO2 und dessen Isoflux (13CO2). Somit lassen sich die Flüsse auf einer integrierten Skala in ihre Komponenten (Ökosystematmung und Bruttoprimärproduktion) auftrennen. Darüber hinaus messen wir die Aufnahme und Freisetzung von VOC durch unsere Wälder und bringen sie mit wichtigen Ökosystemfunktionen in Verbindung, die stark auf Umweltveränderungen reagieren. A4.2 Entwicklung eines auf einem Interbandkaskadenlaser basierenden Messsystems zur Untersuchung des Austauschs zwischen Ökosystem und Atmosphäre von VOCs. Hier entwickeln wir erstmals eine optische spektroskopische Sensortechnologie, um VOCs mit Hilfe der durchstimmbaren Laserabsorptionsspektroskopie (TLAS) zu messen. Dies soll entlang der Konzentrationsgradienten am Messturm und in Verbindung mit Einzelblattküvetten (A3.2) erfolgen.

Ecosystem functions of rare arable plants - field study: Araneae data

Partly taken from the materials and methods of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.003: To compare the activity densities of ground-dwelling predators between treatments with and without RAPs, spiders were sampled using pitfall traps, which were set up after each round of aphid counting (one per plot, twice per year; Brown & Matthews, 2016). The traps (with a volume of 400 ml and a width of 90 mm) were filled with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (1:1; 120 ml) and dug at ground level into the middle of each plot. The traps were covered with a plastic roof and a metal grid (15 × 15 mm grid size) to avoid overflowing during rain and accidental rodent catches (Császár et al., 2018). The traps were activated for 7 days. Subsequently, all arthropods were transferred into 70% ethanol. Spiders were identified to species according to Nentwig et al. (2019). Spider hunting strategy (active hunter or web-builder) was used as the feeding trait according to Cardoso et al. (2011).

Ecosystem functions of rare arable plants - field experiment: Carabidae data

Partly taken from the materials and methods of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.003: To compare the activity densities of ground-dwelling predators between treatments with and without RAPs, carabids were sampled using pitfall traps, which were set up after each round of aphid counting (one per plot, twice per year; Brown & Matthews, 2016). The traps (with a volume of 400 ml and a width of 90 mm) were filled with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (1:1; 120 ml) and dug at ground level into the middle of each plot. The traps were covered with a plastic roof and a metal grid (15 × 15 mm grid size) to avoid overflowing during rain and accidental rodent catches (Császár et al., 2018). The traps were activated for 7 days. Subsequently, all arthropods were transferred into 70% ethanol. Carabids were identified to species according to Hůrka (1996). Carabid feeding behavior was classified according to Homburg et al. (2014). To simplify the dataset, carabid feeding behavior was classified as predominantly granivorous (species mainly feed on seeds and fruits) or as carnivorous/omnivorous, because carnivorous and omnivorous species are potentially feeding on aphids and other non-plant material.

Ecosystem functions of rare arable plants - field study: Carabidae data

Partly taken from the materials and methods of https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.003: To compare the activity densities of ground-dwelling predators between treatments with and without RAPs, carabids were sampled using pitfall traps, which were set up after each round of aphid counting (one per plot, twice per year; Brown & Matthews, 2016). The traps (with a volume of 400 ml and a width of 90 mm) were filled with a mixture of water and ethylene glycol (1:1; 120 ml) and dug at ground level into the middle of each plot. The traps were covered with a plastic roof and a metal grid (15 × 15 mm grid size) to avoid overflowing during rain and accidental rodent catches (Császár et al., 2018). The traps were activated for 7 days. Subsequently, all arthropods were transferred into 70% ethanol. Carabids were identified to species according to Hůrka (1996). Carabid feeding behavior was classified according to Homburg et al. (2014). To simplify the dataset, carabid feeding behavior was classified as predominantly granivorous (species mainly feed on seeds and fruits) or as carnivorous/omnivorous, because carnivorous and omnivorous species are potentially feeding on aphids and other non-plant material.

Geochemical parameters in peat depth profiles from ombrotrophic bogs in North and Central Europe. Fochteloër Veen, the Netherlands

This dataset contains geochemical variables measured in six depth profiles from ombrotrophic peatlands in North and Central Europe. Peat cores were taken during the spring and summer of 2022 from Amtsvenn (AV1), Germany; Drebbersches Moor (DM1), Germany; Fochteloër Veen (FV1), the Netherlands; Bagno Kusowo (KR1), Poland; Pichlmaier Moor (PI1), Austria and Pürgschachen Moor (PM1), Austria. The cores AV1, DM1 and KR1 were taken using a Wardenaar sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands) and had diameter of 10 cm. The cores FV1, PM1 and PI1 had an 8 cm diameter and were obtained using an Instorf sampler (Royal Eijkelkamp, Giesbeek, the Netherlands). The cores FV1, DM1 and KR1 were 100 cm, core AV1 was 95 cm, core PI1 was 85 cm and core PM1 was 200 cm. The cores were subsampeled in 1 cm (AV1, DM1, KR1, FV1) and 2 cm (PI1, PM1) sections. The subsamples were milled after freeze drying in a ballmill using tungen carbide accesoires. X-Ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF; ZSX Primus II, Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) was used to determine Al (μg g-1), As (μg g-1), Ba (μg g-1), Br (μg g-1), Ca (g g-1), Cl (μg g-1), Cr (μg g-1), Cu (μg g-1), Fe (g g-1), K (g g-1), Mg (μg g-1), Mn (μg g-1), Na (μg g-1), P (μg g-1), Pb (μg g-1), Rb (μg g-1), S (μg g-1), Si (μg g-1), Sr (μg g-1), Ti (μg g-1) and Zn (μg g-1). These data were processed and calibrated using the iloekxrf package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024) in R. C, N and their stable isotopes were determined using an elemental analyser linked to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (EA-3000, Eurovector, Pavia, Italy & Nu Horizon, Nu Instruments, Wrexham, UK). C and N were given in units g g-1 and stable isotopes were given as δ13C and δ15N for stable isotopes of C and N, respectively. Raw data C, N and stable isotope data were calibrated with certified standard and blank effects were corrected with the ilokeirms package (Teickner & Knorr, 2024). Using Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-MIR) (Agilent Cary 670 FTIR spectromter, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, Ca, USA) humification indices (HI) were determined. Spectra were recorded from 600 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1 with a resolution of 2 cm-1 and baselines corrected with the ir package (Teickner, 2025) to estimate relative peack heights. The HI (no unit) for each sample was calculated by taking the ratio of intensities at 1630 cm-1 to the intensities at 1090 cm-1. Bulk densities (g cm-3) were estimated from FT-MIR data (Teickner et al., in preparation).

Digitale Topographische Karte 1:100 000

Die Digitale Topographische Karte 1:100 000 (DTK100) beinhaltet die Rasterdaten der „Topographischen Karte 1:100 000 (TK100)“. Die DTK100 wird computerunterstützt aus dem ATKIS®-DLM und DGM der Bundesländer abgeleitet. Die Signaturierung der Kartenobjekte folgt den Regeln des Signaturenkatalogs ATKIS®-SK100. Die Rasterdaten sind nach kartographischen Inhaltselementen in Layer (Einzelebenen) gegliedert. Neben dem Summenlayer, der das vollständige farbige Kartenblatt beinhaltet, sind 24 weitere einfarbige Einzellayer Bestandteil der DTK100. Die Daten stehen in einer einheitlichen Rasterauflösung flächendeckend für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland zur Verfügung.

Laser diffraction grain-size data of Late Glacial to present sediment cores from Schweriner See, NE Germany

This dataset contains laser diffraction grain-size distributions from five Late Glacial to present sediment cores recovered from the northern shore of Schweriner See (See = Lake, NE Germany). The cores (3.0–4.6 m long, 5 cm diameter) were collected using a percussion coring system from different geomorphological positions, including beach ridges, a lake terrace, and the base of a shore slope. One core (Döpe19/1) was obtained from the northeastern shore of Schweriner Außensee in the Döpe area, while four cores (HoVie05–HoVie08) were recovered from the Hohen Viecheln area in the north shore of Schweriner Außensee. Sediment cores were subsampled at 2 cm resolution, and grain-size measurements were performed using a Fritsch Laser Particle Sizer Analysette 22 MicroTec plus (0.08–2000 μm) following removal of organic matter and carbonates and ultrasonic dispersion.

Mechanische und mikrostrukturelle Stabilität von additiven Zn-Bauteilen für technische und biomedizinische Anwendungen

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