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Found 16 results.

Sentinel-2 MSI - Level 2A (MAJA Tiles) - Germany

This collection contains Sentinel-2 Level 2A surface reflectances, which are computed for the country of Germany using the time-series based MAJA processor. During the Level 2A processing, the data are corrected for atmospheric effects and clouds and their shadows are detected. The MAJA L2A product is available online for the last 12 months. Further data are kept in the archive and are available upon request. Please see https://logiciels.cnes.fr/en/content/maja for additional information on the MAJA product. The MAJA product offers an alternative to the official ESA L2A product and has been processed with consideration of the characteristics of the Sentinel-2 mission (fast collection of time series, constant sensor perspective, and global coverage). Assumptions about the temporal constancy of the ground cover are taken into account for a robust detection of clouds and a more flexible determination of aerosol properties. As a result, an improved determination of the reflectance of sunlight at the earth's surface (pixel values of the multispectral image) is derived. Further Sentinel-2 Level 2A data computed using MAJA are available on the following website: https://theia.cnes.fr

Sentinel-2 MSI - Level 3A (MAJA/WASP Tiles) - Germany

This collection contains synthesized Sentinel-2 Level 3A surface reflectances for Germany on a monthly basis computed by the WASP processor (which utilizes L2A products derived from the MAJA processor). During the Level 3A processing, atmospherically corrected data from a predefined time interval are collected, weighted based on temporal distance and integrated to a new data set with the aim of removing clouds. Thereby, monthly Sentinel-2 Level 3A composites are provided for whole Germany. Please see https://logiciels.cnes.fr/en/content/maja for additional information on the MAJA product. Further Sentinel-2 Level 3A data computed using MAJA are available on the following website: https://theia.cnes.fr

A database of analogue models testing the interaction between magmatic intrusion-related doming and caldera collapse

This dataset presents the raw data from one experimental series (named CCEX, i.e., Caldera Collapse under regional Extension) of analogue models performed to investigate the process of caldera collapse followed by regional extension. Our experimental series tested the case of perfectly circular collapsed calderas afterward stretched under regional extensional conditions, that resulted in elongated calderas. The models are primarily intended to quantify the role of regional extension on the elongation of collapsed calderas observed in extensional settings, such as the East African Rift System. An overview of the performed analogue models is provided in Table 1. Analogue models have been analysed quantitatively by means of photogrammetric reconstruction of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) used for 3D quantification of the deformation, and top-view photo analysis for qualitative descriptions. The analogue materials used in the setup of these models are described in Montanari et al. (2017), Del Ventisette et al. (2019), Bonini et al., 2021 and Maestrelli et al. (2021a,b).

A database of caldera collapse analogue models stretched under extensional conditions

This dataset presents the raw data from one experimental series (named CCEX, i.e., Caldera Collapse under regional Extension) of analogue models performed to investigate the process of caldera collapse followed by regional extension. Our experimental series tested the case of perfectly circular collapsed calderas afterward stretched under regional extensional conditions, that resulted in elongated calderas. The models are primarily intended to quantify the role of regional extension on the elongation of collapsed calderas observed in extensional settings, such as the East African Rift System. An overview of the performed analogue models is provided in Table 1. Analogue models have been analysed quantitatively by means of photogrammetric reconstruction of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) used for 3D quantification of the deformation, and top-view photo analysis for qualitative descriptions. The analogue materials used in the setup of these models are described in Montanari et al. (2017), Del Ventisette et al. (2019), Bonini et al., 2021 and Maestrelli et al. (2021a,b).

Function of BAK1 in plant immunity

In nature most plants are resistant to most pathogens and disease is rather the exception than the rule. A key aspect of this phenomenon is a resistance response called 'innate immunity'. It is based on the host recognition of characteristic microbial molecules, known as MAMPs (Microbe Associated Molecular Patterns), by specific receptors called pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). A paradigm of a MAMP is flagellin, the main building unit of the mobility organ of bacteria. Bacterial flagellin is perceived by the pattern recognition receptor FLS2 (FLagellin Sensing 2) at the surface of plant cells. Binding of flagellin to FLS2 on the outside of the cells induces a set of physiological responses inside the cells, which we can easily measure in our lab and which ultimately contribute to limitation of bacterial invasion and plant resistance. Our lab has focused in the last years in understanding how FLS2, a single pass transmembrane molecule, functions to transmit the signal from outside of the cell to its inside. We could demonstrate that upon stimulation with flagellin, FLS2 associates very quickly at the plasma membrane with a second receptor known as BAK1 (BRI1-Associated Kinase 1). This was initially a big surprise because BAK1 was already known as the co-receptor of the BRI1, a plant hormone receptor which regulates plant development but not plant immunity. More recently we developed an original biochemical approach to label and detect phosphorylated receptors in cell cultures in vivo. This allowed us to show that the transmission of the flagellin signal occurs via phosphorylation of FLS2 and BAK1 within seconds after flagellin perception. In addition we could show that BAK1 is capable of regulating several PRRs other than FLS2 by forming stable complexes. Thus BAK1 appears to be a crucial regulator or plant immunity in addition to its role in plant development. Our recent progress on the plants' flagellin-sensing system was mostly obtained using Arabidopsis as plant model. In view of the ability of BAK1 to form stable complexes with PRRs in a ligand-dependent manner, we are now interested to fish out and identify new PRRs, notably from crop species, using a proteomic approach. The identification of more PRRs in different plants is a very important step toward understanding plant innate immunity. In more general terms, better knowledge about innate immunity is crucial because it may reveal new strategies to fight the devastating impact of some plant diseases.

SO 155 - HYDROARC^Vorhaben: Untersuchung der Porenwassergeochemie in den Sedimenten der Bransfield Strasse, Vorhaben: Spezielle geochemische und isotopengeochemische Untersuchungen vulkanischer Gesteine und die Datierung der Sulfide der Bransfield Strasse (Antarktis)

Documentation of IFAT 2016 Side Event Climate-friendly Waste Management through NAMAs in Emerging Economies and Developing Countries

Nationally Appropriate ⁠Mitigation⁠ Actions (NAMA) allow emerging economies and developing countries to design waste management strategies and systems that lead to effective greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions. On a side event at IFAT / Munich in June 2016 international experts from climate policy and waste management exchanged their experiences on key features of Waste-NAMAs, such as funding and financing, participatory processes and informed decision-making across all levels and involvement the private sector.  The example of monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) of Peruvian Waste-NAMA demonstrated the workload involved and the demands for standardized methods.

Modellierung der Wolga-Kama-Kaskade

In der festgelegten Definitionsphase des Projektes 'Modellierung der Wolga-Kama-Kaskade', die als erstes Stadium des Wolga-Rhein-Projektes vorgesehen ist, erfolgt der Aufbau eines Geo-Informationssystems des Wolga-Abschnittes von Nishnij Novgorod bis Tscheboksary, insgesamt 365 km (Wolga-Fluss-km 820-1185). Die Einbindung von Satelliten- und Luftbildinformationen sowie alle terrestrisch erhobenen Daten resultiert im Gelaendemodell, das anhand von hydrologischen Naturdaten validiert und danach geeicht wird. Anwendungsziele des Projektes sind: - Diagnose und Prognose der instationaeren Stroemungsvorgaenge innerhalb der Stauhaltungen; - Instrument zur Beurteilung von wasserwirtschaftlichen, kulturtechnischen und oekologischen Fragestellungen im Wolgaeinzugsgebiet; - Betriebs- und Trainingsinstrument fuer die Regelung und Steuerung der Staustufen, sowie fuer Fragestellungen der Wasserwirtschaft. Das Leitziel des Wolga-Kama-Definitionsprojektes soll die Erstellung eines Modellierungsinstrumentes sein, um die Betriebsweise der einzelnen Staustufen untereinander zu koordinieren und die kontraeren Nutzungsanforderungen aus Wasserkraft, Hochwasserschutz, Umweltschutz, Landeskultur und Oekologie weitgehend zu harmonisieren.

Schadstoffemissionen bei verschiedenen Geschwindigkeiten; Erhebungen mit mobiler Abgasmessanlage (MAMA)

In (fast) allen Massnahmenplaenen zur Luftreinhaltung, die von den Kantonen zu Haenden der Bundesregierung ausgearbeitet werden mussten oder noch muessen, werden niedrigere Geschwindigkeiten innerorts, ausserorts und auf Autobahnen als Massnahme aufgefuehrt. Die bisher zu diesem Thema durchgefuehrten Messungen weisen gravierende Maengel auf, weil sie fast ausschliesslich unter Pruefstandsbedingungen zustande kamen. Je nach Aufwand war man dabei der Realitaet naeher oder ferner. Seit kurzem verfuegt der TCS ueber eine Mobile Abgasmessanlage (MAMA), bestehend aus einem VW Golf als Traegerfahrzeug, einer in diesen eingebauten Analyseanlage und einem ebenfalls eingebauten Computer, der deren Signale aufbereitet. Damit werden Messungen des Verbrauchs und der Schadstoffemissionen direkt im Verkehr moeglich. Diese Anlage hat ihre Genauigkeit und ihre Eignung bei Vergleichsmessungen mit einer stationaeren CVS (constant volume sampling)-Anlage und bei bereits durchgefuehrten Pilotmessungen unter Beweis gestellt. Die ausserordentlichen Moeglichkeiten der Anlage werden genutzt, um abzuklaeren, wie sich der Benzinverbrauch, die Emissionen an Kohlenmonoxid (CO), Kohlendioxid (CO2), Kohlenwasserstoffen (HC) und Stickoxiden (NOx), die Durchschnittsgeschwindigkeit und das Fahrverhalten in Abhaengigkeit von der erlaubten Hoechstgeschwindigkeit verhalten. Dabei werden immer die Resultate von zwei Geschwindigkeiten einander gegenuebergestellt (30/50 km/h, 100/120 km/h, 80/100 km/h, 60/80 km/h). Projektziele: Erarbeiten einer fachlich korrekten Grundlage zur Beurteilung der in den Massnahmenplaenen enthaltenen Geschwindigkeitsabsenkungen unter dem Aspekt des Benzinverbrauchs, der Schadstoffemissionen (CO, C02, HC, NOx) und des Fahrverhaltens. In vier Etappen werden die folgenden Geschwindigkeitspaare untersucht: 30/50 km/h, 100/120 km/h, 80/100 km/h 60/80 km/h.

Speciation of As by HPLC-HR-ICPMS Coupling

The toxicological and biological importance of many metals greatly depend upon their chemical form. The determination of the total amount of an element is not sufficient to assess the toxicity of a considered medium. Arsenic is one of these elements whose speciation (determination of different chemical species involved) is of particular interest because of the wide-ranging levels of toxicity exhibited by the different chemical forms. With direct coupling of HPLC with HR-ICPMS it is possible to determine the arsenic species arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonic acid (MMAA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA), arsenobetaine (AsB) and Arsenochinoline (AsC).

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