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Dissolved methane concentration variability along freshwater-sea continuum at Cuxhaven, northern Germany, 2021

The dataset is about temporal variability of dissolved methane along the freshwater-sea continuum in northern Germany. Sensors were installed at fixed stations at in total three sites at different water depths. This dataset is from the station in Cuxhaven (53.8771 N, 8.7048 E) taken at about 2-7m depth (depending on the tide). The data was obtained between 11 April and 28 August 2021 in high frequency measurements (1 min) with a methane sensor from Kongsberg (4H Jena model CONTROS HydroC CH4). Methane concentrations were calculated according to manufacturer's instructions, based on temperature and salinity values from COSYNA Container Cuxhaven. For the quality control of the data a local range of 0.1 – 1000 nmol/L was set, a technical range for the pump power 2 – 8 Watt, a spike and gradient value of 1. Due to heavy biofouling the external pump of the sensor failed, resulting in data gaps. For a more detailed description see the article cited in References.

Methanabbau in industrieller Abluft durch innovative Kombination von Gaswäschern mit photokatalytischen Reaktoren, MeGaPho - Methanabbau in industrieller Abluft durch innovative Kombination von Gaswäschern mit photokatalytischen Reaktoren

Dissolved methane concentrations, diffusive methane flux and EOVs in the German Bight in September 2024 (Sternfahrt 12)

In continuation of the previous cruises (Sternfahrten) we covered a similar area with the RVs Ludwig Prandtl and Mya II. All instruments were set up in the MOSES laboratory container. Standard hydrographic parameters were determined with a pocket ferrybox running with ship's surface water supply. In addition, dissolved methane was determined continuously. We used a degassing unit which was using surface water from the ship's water supply. The gas mixture was subsequently analysed with a Greenhouse Gas Analyzer from LosGatos. Conversion to methane concentration was performed with water samples, from which the methane content was determined with gas chromatography. Atmospheric methane concentrations were obtained from the ICOS-station Helgoland. Wind speed was obtained from the ships meteorological systems. The diffusive flux was calculated as outlined in the additional meta data description.

Dissolved methane concentrations, diffusive methane flux and Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) in the German Bight in January 2024 (Sternfahrt 11)

In January 2024 a river flood by the Elbe and Weser resulted in very high discharge of freshwater into the German Bight. To follow this river, plume the RV Mya II cruised from Sylt and between Helgoland, Cuxhaven, Büsum. All instruments were set up in the MOSES laboratory container. Standard hydrographic parameters were determined with a pocket ferrybox running with ship's surface water supply. In addition, dissolved methane was determined continuously. We used a degassing unit which was using surface water from the ship's water supply. The gas mixture was subsequently analysed with a Greenhouse Gas Analyzer from LosGatos. Conversion to methane concentration was performed with water samples, from which the methane content was determined with gas chromatography. Atmospheric methane concentrations were obtained from the ICOS-station Helgoland. Wind speed was obtained from the ships meteorological system. The diffusive flux was calculated as outlined in the additional meta data description.

Schwerpunktprogramm (SPP) 1374: Biodiversitäts-Exploratorien; Exploratories for Long-Term and Large-Scale Biodiversity Research (Biodiversity Exploratories), Teilprojekt: Einfluss von Landnutzungsintensität auf Methanumsetzende Mikroorganismen in Grünland- und Waldböden

Methan (CH4) ist, neben CO2 das zweitwichtigste Treibhausgas (GHG). Die aktuelle atmosphärische Methankonzentration steigt seit 2007, vermutlich aufgrund von anthropogenem Einfluss bedingt durch intensivierte landwirtschaftliche Lebensmittelproduktion, stark an. Eine wichtige Aufgabe wird es zukünftig sein, die heutige Intensität der Landwirtschaft produktiv, aber auch gleichzeitig klimaneutral zu gestalten um dem Lebensmittelbedarf einer wachsenden Weltbevölkerung zu entsprechen. Zwei fundamental unterschiedliche Gruppen von Prokaryoten sind für den CH4 Umsatz in Böden verantwortlich. Methanotrophe Bakterien (MOB) wirken durch die Oxidation von atmosphärischem CH4, und von CH4, das durch methanogene Archaea im Boden produziert wurde bevor es die Atmosphäre erreicht, als biologische Filter. Derzeit ist nicht geklärt, inwieweit sich Unterschiede in der Landnutzungsintensität auf die funktionelle Diversität und die Aktivität dieser im Methanzyklus wichtigen Mikroorganismengruppen auswirken. Erste Untersuchungen zeigen einen negativen Effekt von hoher Nutzungsintensität auf die Methanaufnahme von gut belüfteten Grünlandböden. Allerdings ist wenig bekannt über den Einfluss der Landnutzungsintensität auf die räumliche und zeitliche Dynamik methanotropher und methanogener Bodenmikroorganismen. Wir haben ein interdisziplinäres Konsortium aus Experten der Bodenkunde, der Mikrobiologie und der Metagenomik mit komplementären Expertisen zu bodenbürtigen Treibhausgasen, methanotrophen und methanogenen Prokaryoten zusammengestellt. Durch die Kombination von aktuellen Methoden wollen wir die Biodiversitätsexploratorien als ideale Plattform nutzen, um die Frage zu beantworten, inwieweit Landnutzungsintensität die funktionelle Diversität und Aktivität von Methanumsetzenden Mikroorganismen beeinflusst.Die zugrundeliegenden Hypothesen wollen wir in zwei Arbeitspaketen (WP) überprüfen. Innerhalb von WP1 wollen wir untersuchen, welche Auswirkungen die Landnutzungsintensität von Grünland und Waldflächen auf die Methanflüsse und die Abundanz und Diversität von methanotrophen Bakterien (quantitative PCR) hat, und inwieweit dies von Umweltfaktoren abhängt. In WP2 wollen wir die jahres- und tageszeitliche Dynamik der Aktivität von methanogenen und methanotrophen Prokaryoten (mittels Metatranskriptomik und Methanfluss Messungen) untersuchen, und inwieweit diese durch Grünlandnutzungsintensität beeinflusst wird. Hierbei wird unser Fokus auf dem Vergleich auf Grünlandflächen auf wasserbeeinflussten Histosolen und gut durchlüfteten Leptosolen liegen. Unser Projekt BE-CH4 wird zu dem dringend benötigten Wissen um den Einfluss von Grünland- und Waldnutzungsintensität auf die räumliche und zeitliche Dynamik von den Methanfluss aus, und in Böden bedingenden Mikroorganismen beitragen.

Dissolved methane concentrations of water samples from the North Sea during ALKOR cruise AL575 (27 June 2022 - 13 July 2022)

Water sampling was conducted during AL575 cruise in the North Sea by using Niskin Bottles attached to CTD/Water sampler rosette and ROV (Haeckel and Schmidt, 2024). To detect methane anomalies in the water column derived from seafloor gas emissions the recovered water samples were processed by using headspace gas sampling and subsequent gas chromatographic analysis. Based on measured methane concentrations of headspace gas in (micro-atm) the dissolved methane concentrations in water were calculated (nmol l-1).

Dissolved methane concentrations, diffusive methane flux and EOVs in the German Bight in February 2025 (Sternfahrt 13)

In continuation of the previous cruises (Sternfahrten) we covered a similar area with the RV Heincke. All instruments were set up in the MOSES laboratory container. Standard hydrographic parameters were determined with a pocket ferrybox running with ship's surface water supply. In addition, dissolved methane was determined continuously. We used a degassing unit which was using surface water from the ship's water supply. The gas mixture was subsequently analysed with a Greenhouse Gas Analyzer from LosGatos. Conversion to methane concentration was performed with water samples, from which the methane content was determined with gas chromatography. Atmospheric methane concentrations were obtained from the ICOS-station Helgoland. Wind speed was obtained from the ships meteorological systems. The diffusive flux was calculated as outlined in the additional meta data description.

Dissolved methane concentration variability along freshwater-sea continuum at Heligoland, Southern North Sea, 2021

The dataset is about temporal variability of dissolved methane along the freshwater-sea continuum in northern Germany. Sensors were installed at fixed stations at in total three sites at different water depths. This dataset is from the station in Heligoland (54.1833 N, 7.8667 E) at about 9-12m depth (depending on the tide). The data was obtained between 27 April and 28 October in high frequency measurements (1 min) with a methane sensor from Kongsberg (4H Jena model CONTROS HydroC CH4,). Methane concentrations were calculated according to manufacturer's instructions, based on temperature and salinity values from UW-node Heligoland (Fischer, Philipp; Happel, Lea; Brand, Markus; Eickelmann, Laura; Lienkämper, Miriam; Bussmann, Ingeborg; Anselm, Norbert; Brix, Holger (2022): Hydrographical time series data of Helgoland, Southern North Sea, 2021. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.950173). A gap in the salinity data was replaced with the median value of the observed time span (31.66). For the quality control of the data a local range of 0.1 – 1000 nmol/L was set, a technical range for the pump power 2 – 8. Watt, a spike and gradient value of 1. For a more detailed description see the article cited in References.

Dissolved methane concentrations, diffusive methane flux and EOVs in the German Bight during RV HEINCKE cruise HE673/2, MOSES Sternfahrt 15 in November 2025

In continuation of the previous cruises (Sternfahrten) we covered a similar area with the RV Heincke but in late autumn (20 - 22 November 2026). All instruments were set up in the MOSES laboratory container. Standard hydrographic parameters were determined with a pocket ferrybox running with ship's surface water supply. In addition, dissolved methane was determined continuously. We used a degassing unit which was using surface water from the ship's water supply. The gas mixture was subsequently analysed with a Greenhouse Gas Analyzer from LosGatos. Conversion to methane concentration was performed with water samples, from which the methane content was determined with gas chromatography. Atmospheric methane concentrations were obtained from the ICOS-station Helgoland. Wind speed was obtained from the ships meteorological systems. The diffusive flux was calculated as outlined in the additional meta data description.

Dissolved methane concentration and diffusive flux near Sylt, North Sea in summer 2023

In July 2023 a cruise with RV Mya_II took place to investigate if the dredging of sand off Sylt influences the atmospheric and dissolved methane concentrations. With the ship's system water temperature and salinity was recoreded, as well as the wind speed. Atmospheric concentrations were measured with a LICOR trace gas analyzer. Dissolved methane was determined via a degassing system connected to a greenhouse gas analyzer as online measurements. Theses relative concentrations were converted to concentrations with water samples analyzed with gas chromatography.

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