Swath sonar bathymetry data used for that dataset was recorded during RV MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM52 using Kongsberg EM1002 multibeam echosounder. The cruise took place between 01.03.2016 and 28.03.2016 in the Baltic Sea. The cruise aimed gapless imagining of the major pre-alpine tectonic lineaments due to the fact that the Glückstadt Graben and the Avalonia-Baltica suture zone run across the southern Baltic [DOI: 10.2312/cr_msm52]. CI Citation: Paul Wintersteller (seafloor-imaging@marum.de) as responsible party for bathymetry raw data ingest and approval. During the MSM52 cruise, the moonpooled KONGSBERG EM1002 multibeam echosounder (MBES) was utilized to perform bathymetric mapping in shallow depths. It has a curved transducer of which 111 beams are formed for each ping while the seafloor is detected using amplitude and phase information for each beam sounding. For further information on the system, consult https://www.km.kongsberg.com/. Generally, the system was acquiring data throughout the entire cruise. Responsible person during this cruise / PI: Laura Frahm. Postprocessing and products were conducted by the Seafloor-Imaging & Mapping group of MARUM/FB5, responsible person Paul Wintersteller (seafloor-imaging@marum.de). The open source software MB-System (Caress, D. W., and D. N. Chayes, MB-System: Mapping the Seafloor, https://www.mbari.org/products/research-software/mb-system, 2017) was utilized for this purpose. A sound velocity correction profile was applied to the MSM52 data; there were no further corrections for roll, pitch and heave applied during postprocessing. A tide correction was applied, based on the Oregon State University (OSU) tidal prediction software (OTPS) that is retrievable through MB-System. CTD measurements during the cruise were sufficient to represent the changes in the sound velocity throughout the study area. Using Mbeditviz, artefacts were cleaned manually. NetCDF (GMT) grids of the edited data as well as statistics were created with mbgrid. The published bathymetric EM1002 grid of the cruise MSM52 has a resolution of 35 m. No total propagated uncertainty (TPU) has been calculated to gather vertical or horizontal accuracy. A higher resolution is, at least partly, achievable. The grid extended with _num represents a raster dataset with the statistical number of beams/depths taken into account to create the depth of the cell. The extended _sd -grid contains the standard deviation for each cell. The DTMs projections are given in Geographic coordinate system Lat/Lon; Geodetic Datum: WGS84.
Raw water column data were collected aboard RV ALKOR during cruise AL575 using a 50kHz Elac Seabeam 3050 (SB3050 MKII) multibeam echosounder by ELAC Nautic. This system had been installed originally on the former RV POSEIDON and was transferred to RV ALKOR just before this cruise. During AL575 it was mainly used it to acquire water column data for online gas seep detection. Water column and side scan data are stored in .wci & .raw format; bathymetry and backscatter data are stored as .xse. .xse data can either be read directly in MBSystem, Hypack or Qimera post-processing software or they can be converted to .hsx (Caris readable). The expedition took place during 2022-06-28 – 2022-07-13 from Kiel to Kiel (Germany) in the North Sea. The major aim of AL575 - GEOSTOR leak are to investigate and contribute to the assessment of the mechanisms and potential risks of CO2 leakage along boreholes drilled through the sedimentary overburden above subseafloor storage formations in the North Sea. Data were recorded in the EEZs of UK and Germany. Sound velocity profiles (SVP) were applied on the data for calibration. Please see the cruise report for details. The data are unprocessed and can therefore contain incorrect measurements (artifacts) if not further processed. Note that refraction errors may occur when no proper SVP is applied. Data acquisition and provision was done by GEOMAR and they are published according to the FAIR principles.
Multibeam bathymetry raw data using the ship's own Kongsberg EM 712 multibeam echosounder was not continuously recorded during RV MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM99. Data was recorded on 16 days between 2021-02-26 and 2021-03-19. This dataset contains 13x survey lines (occasionally with some line crossing perpendicular to the track) in the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Bothnia. The approximate average depth of the entire dataset is around 150m, ranging from 280m to 22m. No ancillary sound velocity profiles (SVP) files from the cruise are added to this dataset. Data analysis of the multibeam raw data revealed that SVP has been changed several during the survey. This publication is conducted within the efforts of the German Marine Research Alliance in the core area 'Data management and Digitalization' (Deutsche Allianz Meeresforschung, DAM). Data are unprocessed and therefore contains incorrect depth measurements (artifacts) without further processing. Note that refraction errors can be expected due to the lack of proper SVP. Overall, it appears that the data quality is rather good since the gridded hillshade data showed relatively few obstacles. Data can be processed e.g. with the open source software package MB-System (Caress et al. 2024, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6302801).
Swath sonar bathymetry data recorded during AL644 on RV ALKOR using the hull-mounted Kongsberg EM2040 multibeam echosounder. The cruise took place between 17.11.2025 - 28.11.2025 in the German Baltic Sea. The approximate depth range of the mapped areas is between 10-30m. To improve MBES data quality, sound velocity profile (SVP) casts were conducted in the vicinity of the mapped area prior to and after each survey using a CTD. The data set includes data from the 'Adlergrund' (ADG), located within the Pommeranian Bay/Rønne Bank Nature Conservation Area (NCA), from the 'Kadet Trench ('KDR') NCA and the Fehmarn Belt ('FB') NCA. The mapping has been conducted for baseline habitat studies in the area. Data were manually edited for false measurements using Qimera (https://qps.nl/qimera/#). A raster was calculated and stored in GeoTIFF format with a 0.5 m resolution (negative values), WGS84 as vertical datum and UTM as a projection. The mapping has been conducted for baseline habitat studies in the area.
Swath sonar bathymetry data were acquired during cruise AL652-2 with the research vessel RV ALKOR using a hull-mounted Kongsberg EM2040 multibeam echosounder (MBES). The cruise took place between 25.05.2026 - 02.06.2026 in the German Baltic Sea. The approximate depth range of the mapped area is between 15-30m. To improve MBES data quality, sound velocity profile (SVP) casts were conducted in the vicinity of the mapped area prior to and after each survey using a Sound Velocity Probe. The data set includes data from an area called 'Oejet', which is a part of the Nature Conservation Area (NCA) 'Fehmarnbelt', located in the western Baltic Sea. The survey was carried out to support baseline habitat studies in this region. Data processing involved the application of a weak spline filter and manual cleaning to remove erroneous soundings, performed using Qimera (https://qps.nl/qimera/#). A bathymetric raster was generated and exported in GeoTIFF format with a spatial resolution of 0.25 m (negative depth values), referenced to WGS84 as the vertical datum and projected in UTM coordinates. The dataset consists of two surveys (Stations AL652-2_65, AL652-2_77) that were combined into a single final grid.
Swath sonar bathymetry data recorded during AL644 on RV ALKOR using the hull-mounted Kongsberg EM2040 multibeam echosounder. The cruise took place between 17.11.2025 - 28.11.2025 in the German Baltic Sea. The approximate depth range of the mapped areas is between 10-30m. To improve MBES data quality, sound velocity profile (SVP) casts were conducted in the vicinity of the mapped area prior to and after each survey using a CTD. The data set includes data from the 'Adlergrund' (ADG), located within the Pommeranian Bay/Rønne Bank Nature Conservation Area (NCA), from the 'Kadet Trench ('KDR') NCA and the Fehmarn Belt ('FB') NCA. The mapping has been conducted for baseline habitat studies in the area.
Raw multibeam bathymetry data from the Kongsberg EM712 was acquired during the RV Heincke cruise HE659 in the German Bight in April 2025. The data was generally acquired during calm seas in water depths between 20 and 50 m. Primarily three different regions were surveyed (Borkumer Reef Ground, Sylt Outer Reef, and Helgoland). Generally the data is comprehensive and overlapping swaths creating a continuous bathymetry were archived. In some areas the data was acquired complementary to sidescan sonar surveys and individual tracks do not overlap. Data are unprocessed and therefore may contain some incorrect depth measurements (artifacts) without further processing. No tide variations are applied. Sound velocity profiles were acquired regularly. Overall, it appears that the data quality is rather good. The gridded data showed relatively few obstacles.
The dataset is a spreadsheet of munition piles, their properties (e.g., number of objects, variability, burial state), and the parameters characterizing their environmental (e.g., munition compound concentrations and current velocity) and maritime (e.g., distance to various maritime uses and traffic density) surroundings in the German Baltic Sea. Data were collected over numerous cruises from 2017 to 2024. All munition piles in the dataset are located at Kolberger Heide (close to Kiel Fjord) or in the Lübeck Bay. The purpose of data acquisition was to understand the distribution and properties of dumped munitions in German waters as well as the hazards and risks they pose to maritime uses. Munition piles were annotated in multibeam echosounder data, assessed in detail in photomosaics, and analyzed using an array of geospatial analysis methods.
Multibeam data were collected with RV Polarstern along the route of cruise PS142 and data acquisition was continuously monitored during the survey. Multibeam sonar system was Teledyne/Atlas Hydrosweep DS3. SVPs were retrieved from CTD data and synthetic profiles from World Ocean Atlas 18. SVPs were processed with HydrOffice SoundSpeedManager (https://www.hydroffice.org/soundspeed/main) and extended with World Ocean Atlas 18 (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/NCEI-WOA18). SVP data were applied during acquisition. Multibeam data are unprocessed and may contain outliers and blunders and should not be used for grid calculations and charting projects without further editing. The raw multibeam sonar data in Teledyne Reson multibeam processing format (.s7k) were recorded with Teledyne PDS software. Raw data files can be processed using software packages like CARIS HIPS/SIPS. For updated vessel configuration files check further details.
Multibeam data were collected with RV Polarstern along the route of cruise PS151 and data acquisition was almost continuously monitored during the survey. Multibeam sonar system was Teledyne/Atlas Hydrosweep DS3. SVPs were retrieved from CTD data and synthetic profiles from World Ocean Atlas 23. SVPs were processed with HydrOffice SoundSpeedManager (https://www.hydroffice.org/soundspeed/main) and extended with World Ocean Atlas 23 (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/NCEI-WOA23). SVP data were applied during acquisition. Multibeam data are unprocessed and may contain outliers and blunders and should not be used for grid calculations and charting projects without further editing. The raw multibeam sonar data in Teledyne Reson multibeam processing format (.s7k) were recorded with Teledyne PDS software. Raw data files can be processed using software packages like CARIS HIPS/SIPS. For updated vessel configuration files check further details.
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