This dataset contains the results of chemical analyses of water, sediment, and marine bivalves (Mytilus spp.) for residues of submerged munitions, which were taken during various field excursions to three wrecks from the First and Second World Wars in the North Sea: KW58 (Belgium), SMS Mainz (Germany), and UC30. Water and sediments were collected using CTD rosette water samplers and Van Veen sediment grabs (SMS Mainz), or by divers (KW58 and UC30). The mussels for mussel monitoring were collected near the island of Sylt (Germany) and exposed in cages on the wrecks for several weeks. Samples were frozen immediately on board and transferred to the lab for examination. All samples were analyzed for the explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its two primary metabolites, 4-amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene and 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene, using gas chromatography tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS).
Adult blue mussels (Mytilus spp.) were exposed to microplastic particles in a controlled laboratory experiment. A significant loss of PS beads in pilot studies was traced back to the aeration of the exposure units. Therefore, the aeration was paused during the exposure phase of 2 hours. In a pilot study, the oxygen saturation was measured over 2 hours with mixing every 20 min in four treatment groups: with or without mussel in an aerated or non-aerated (static) set-up. Oxygen saturation lowered to 96.0 % (equivalent to 9.6 mg O2/ml) at the end of the 2 hours of exposure in the non-aerated set-up with mussels due to their respiration.
Adult blue mussels (Mytilus spp.) were exposed to microplastic particles in a controlled laboratory experiment. Feces was collected after the exposure phase of 2 hours and after 24 and 48 hours of depuration in filtered sea water and the amount of PS beads was determined.
Adult blue mussels (Mytilus spp.) were exposed to microplastic particles in a controlled laboratory experiment. The fate of PS beads within the experimental set up was assessed in four compartments (exposure water, depuration water, feces, softbody) after 2 hours of exposure, 24 hours and 48 hours of depuration in filtered sea water. Additionally, the loss of microplastic as the difference of the sum of all recovered PS beads and the measured concentration at the start of the experiment was determined to obtain a complete mass balance. The total number of PS beads and the number of PS beads per unit as well as the percentage recovery is given.
Adult blue mussels (Mytilus spp.) were exposed to microplastic particles in a controlled laboratory experiment. The effect of PS beads on the filtration was assessed by measuring the clearance rates. Clearance rate of the food algae Rhodomonas baltica was measured during the first hour of exposure and standardized by shell length. Since the reproductive status of the mussels can have an influence on the feeding activity, this factor was taken into account. Therefore, the mussels were inspected for the presence or absence of gonads at the end of the experiment. This resulted in four different treatment groups: control group with or without gonads and the microplastic-exposed group with or without gonads. Presence of PS beads and the reproductive status had a significant influence on the clearance rates.
Adult blue mussels (Mytilus spp.) were exposed to microplastic particles in a controlled laboratory experiment. The number of PS beads in the softbody of the mussels was determined after the exposure phase of 2 hours and after a 48 hours depuration phase in filtered sea water. Depuration in clear water lowered the amount of microplastic in the mussels' softbodies significantly.
Adult blue mussels (Mytilus spp.) were exposed to microplastic particles in a controlled laboratory experiment. During the first hour of exposure the decrease of particles (algae or PS beads) was recorded every 15 min. The particle concentration is given in particles per milliliter and as a percentage of the starting concentration.
Adult blue mussels (Mytilus spp.) were exposed to microplastic particles in a controlled laboratory experiment. The study was conducted to investigate I) the effect of polystyrene particles (spherical PS beads, 40µm) on the filtration of mussels and II) the fate of PS beads within the experimental set up. The data was obtained in May and June 2019 with mussels collected from the Kiel Fjord, Germany. The mussels were exposed in a closed system to an intended initial microplastic concentration of 0.4 and 40 PS beads/ml. To correct for deviations from these two concentrations, the measured PS bead concentrations were used. Mussels were exposed to microplastic for 2 hours, followed by a 48 hours depuration phase in filtered sea water. Clearance rate of the food algae Rhodomonas baltica was measured during the first hour of exposure. The fate of PS beads was determined after exposure and after depuration in four compartments: exposure water, feces, softbody, depuration water. Additionally, the loss of microplastic was determined to obtain a complete mass balance.
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