Web Feature Service (WFS) zum Thema Referenzwerte naturnaher Wasserhaushalt in Hamburg. Zur genaueren Beschreibung der Daten und Datenverantwortung nutzen Sie bitte den Verweis zur Datensatzbeschreibung.
Die Karte „Referenzwerte Naturnaher Wasserhaushalt“ ist eine wasserwirtschaftliche Planungskarte aus der die Anteile der Grundwasserneubildung, der Verdunstung und des Abflusses am Regenwasser für den naturnahen Zustand abgelesen werden können. Die Planungskarte dient der gebietsspezifischen Bestimmung von Ziel- und Orientierungsgrößen bei städteplanerischen und wasserwirtschaftlichen Fragestellungen für die Hamburger Verwaltungs- und Planungsebene. Weitere Erläuterungen siehe unter www.hamburg.de/go/1041528 (oder Link auf der MetaVer-Seite ganz unten)
Objectives: Sustainable management of tropical moist forests through private forest owners will become increasingly important. Media report that in Brazil, particularly in Amazonia, approx. 80 percent of the timber harvested is from illegal sources. Private management of forests according to internationally acknowledged standards offers an opportunity to significantly lower the portion of illegally cut timber. Moreover, it contributes significantly to the conservation of the Amazon forest. Private forest owners show a clear long-term commitment towards the implementation of management standards according that is ecologically compatible, socially acceptable and economically viable. The project area, a pristine forest in legal Amazonia in the transition zone between moist tropical forests and savannas (cerrado), is extremely diverse in floristic and faunistic terms. The institute cooperates with the private forest owner. Main tasks are to document the faunistic and floristic diversity, to calculate the Annual Allowable Cut and to elaborate concepts for site-specific silviculture. Results: To date (Oct. 2006) the following activities were started: - a comprehensive inventory system for planning at the FMU-level has been successfully introduced; - the inventory system for the annual coupe area has been designed and data for the first coupe are being processed; - the annual allowable cut is currently calculated based on the results of the above described inventories; - two fauna surveys are completed; one focusing on large mammals and one on the avi-fauna. A long-term monitoring concept to assess the influence of forest management on the faunistic diversity is currently under development; - forest zoning is completed applying terrestrial surveys and interpreting high-resolution satellite images; - a study on the use of Bethollethia excelsa-fruits (Brazil nuts) is currently implemented; - a study on timber properties of lesser known species is currently implemented.
Web Map Service (WMS) zum Thema Referenzwerte naturnaher Wasserhaushalt in Hamburg. Zur genaueren Beschreibung der Daten und Datenverantwortung nutzen Sie bitte den Verweis zur Datensatzbeschreibung.
Naturwaldreservate sind besonders naturnahe Waldflächen, die auf Antrag des Waldbesitzers ausgewiesen werden. Nach Ausweisung werden die Naturwaldreservate einer natürlichen Entwicklung überlassen. Die Naturwaldreservate repräsentieren die natürlichen Waldgesellschaften landesweit und dienen der Erhaltung und Erforschung solcher Wälder sowie der Sicherung der biologischen Vielfalt. Abgesehen von notwendigen Maßnahmen des Waldschutzes und der Verkehrssicherung finden auf diesen Flächen keine Bewirtschaftungsmaßnahmen und keine Holzernte statt.
How digestible is transgenic wheat for earthworms? Genetically modified crops are intended to be toxic for the pests that attack them. At the same time, however, they could harm beneficial organisms. Background Crop plants can be genetically modified to make them immune to pathogens such as fungi, or unpalatable or toxic for pests that feed on them. The overriding objective of plant breeders is to reduce the use of crop protection products. The same substances may, however, be harmful to animals that are important for plants, such as woodlice and worms, as they play a central role in decomposing plant material and releasing nutrients into the soil. Objectives The diversity of species and activity of selected soil-dwelling organisms are expected to provide information on the impact of transgenic plants on these important groups of animals. In addition, nutrient uptake and reproduction of selected soil-dwelling organisms will be compared in areas used to grow genetically modified wheat and areas used to grow conventional wheat. Methods Arthropods (such as woodlice) and segmented worms (such as earthworms) are beneficial invertebrates that live in the soil. Their diversity will be investigated using soil samples as part of the field trial with transgenic wheat (cf. Keller project I). Their activity and nutrient uptake will be determined by burying a constant volume of leaf material derived from transgenic wheat plants and conventional wheat plants for a period of several months. The amount eaten by the soil-living organisms will subsequently be measured. Significance Little is known about the effect of substances that may be released into the soil from the transgenic plants being investigated here. The project is using arthropods and annelid worms as an example of how to investigate this question. The ecologically oriented design of the project will also create a basis for assessing the risk of transgenic plants affecting soil fertility in open cultivation.
The expansion and intensification of agricultural areas and the associated deforestation, eutrophication and modification of habitat heterogeneity remain the most important stressors to stream ecosystem functioning worldwide. The alteration of key environmental characteristics may cause the loss of functional attributes specific for streams in different climate zones and may ultimately lead to a homogenisation of stream ecosystem functioning. Previous studies were mostly restricted to a single function in a particular biome and a thorough understanding on the potential for an agriculturally driven functional homogenisation of stream ecosystems among climate zones is lacking. The project HECTARE analyses ecosystem functioning of pristine and agricultural streams situated in the German Harz and in the Brazilian Cerrado and Atlantic forest. By the novel combination of quantification of food webs and measurements of ecosystem productivity and respiration, HECTARE delivers a mechanistic understanding on energy- and matter fluxes in temperate and Neotropical streams including their trophic coupling to the catchments. Building on that, key pathways of whole-ecosystem matter and energy fluxes that are impacted by agricultural land use will be identified. The inter-biome approach proposed with HECTARE will allow for a synthesis of impact patterns associated with agricultural land use and an analysis of the degree of functional homogenisation of stream ecosystems.
Rationale: Present plant/forest communities are the result of long-term interactions between vegetation and site factors including man-made impacts. Thus, present vegetation deviates from its natural state, and even from its undisturbed state under present site conditions, to some extent. Hence, for more than fifty years people have tried to develop a method to estimate the man-made impacts on vegetation or the vegetation/ecosystem change. Project aims Hemeroby is often used to estimate the man-made impacts on the vegetation. It compares present vegetation with a reference vegetation/system, which can be (1) pristine vegetation or (2) present potential natural vegetation (PNV). However, it is nearly impossible to find pristine vegetation on the earth, especially in the developed regions with a long human history. On the other hand, PNV is very hypothetical. Hence, we try to develope a method using the field data directly and objectively to estimate the vegetation/ecosystem change in the past. Methods: Evolution never reaches a final state. The evolution of ecosystems is chiefly driven by the evolution of species and by environmental change including the man-made impacts. The global climate change and the human activity can change, creating new impulses for the evolution of the ecosystems and thus, reorganising their development. Hence, we hypothesize that the present state (PS) of vegetation/ecosystem under the present site conditions is deviated from its undisturbed state (UDS) in species composition and functioning of ecosystem. PS is based on the field data, whereas UDS will be inferred using the field data and mathematical models. More than 10 biotic and abiotic factors of ecosystems are used for the ECI calculation of PS and UDS. The differentiation of their ECI will be a quantitative indicator of vegetation/ecosystem change.
One of the guiding principles of Priority 6.3 Global Change and Ecosystems is to promote scientific research to provide support to the EU Strategy for Sustainable Development. The capitalisation process, in the way that it has been conceived in Multagri SSA, addresses several aspects directly related with the objectives of this Strategy. The aim of this proposal is to provide a complete overview of the research that has been done, particulary in Europe, in the different aspects related to Multifonctionality of agriculture. The essential approach adopted in this initiative is founded on the premise that for agriculture to be sustainable its multifonctional dimension must be acknowledged and promoted. Previous works have primitted the identification of the main axes in which the state-of-the-art review will be developed. The proposed framework of analysis has considered mutiple topics that are the subject of research on multifunctionality of agriculture and shape some of the current debates on this notion, such as definitions and interpretations of this term, production systems that privilege the provision of certain functions, methodologies and tools to assess the different roles of agriculture, institutional settings to acknowledge them, societal demands for additional goods and services from agriculture and related policy making and evaluation. Issues such as equitable regional development, food secutity and safety, natural resource conservation, rural income generation and global sustainability - explicitly revealed in the Strategy for Sustainable Development as key concerns - , are covered by the concept of Multifunctionality of agriculture, and therefore, make part of the analysis of the state-of-the - art proposed by Multagri SSA. By providing a set of recommendations on futur research, this proposal will contribute to strenghten the necessary scientific knowledge for the future orientation of the SD strategy and the 6th FP. Prime Contractor: Centre National du Machinisme Agricole, du Genie Rural, des Eaux et des Forets; Antony, France.
Sechs Bodenfunktionen auf Grundlage der Blockkarte 1 : 50.000 (ISU50, Raumbezug Umweltatlas 1990), Bearbeitungsstand Dezember 2000.