Das Projekt "Digitalisiertes O&M-Management zur Ertragssicherung von Solaranlagen, Teilvorhaben: Effizienzsteigerung durch fortschrittliche Datenanalyse für utility-scale Solarkraftwerke" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Aquila Capital Management GmbH.
Der vorliegende Abschlussbericht enthält die Ergebnisse des Projektes "Ökonomische Bewertung von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen im Verkehr". Diverse mögliche Maßnahmen zur Unterstützung der Erreichung der Sektorziele im Verkehr werden derzeit diskutiert. In diesem Projekt wurde für eine Auswahl von 14 Einzelmaßnahmen und drei Maßnahmenbündel einzelwirtschaftliche, gesamtwirtschaftliche und verteilungsbezogene Wirkungen bis zum Jahr 2050 untersucht. Das Projekt beinhaltete die Aufbereitung des Forschungsstandes auf dessen Basis ein ganzheitlicher Ansatz auch zur Bewertung von externen Umwelt- und Gesundheitseffekten aufgebaut wurde. Die anschließende Bewertung mittels einzel- und gesamtwirtschaftlicher Modelle mündete in einer Gesamtbetrachtung und der Erarbeitung einer vergleichenden Bewertung einer möglichen Umsetzung von Klimaschutzmaßnahmen. Quelle: Forschungsbericht
Das Projekt "The Influence of Corporate Responsibility on the Cost of Capital" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Deutsche Bank. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Schlange & Co. GmbH.Corporate responsibility (CR) issues have gained importance within the financial community due to the exponential growth of specialized institutes, expansion of academic and research departments, increased launching of mutual funds allocated according to sustainability criteria, proliferation of online resources and other publications, and specialized corporate responsibility reports. A closer look at the literature concerning the relationship between CR issues and financial measures indicated three major fields for improvement in this area: (1) the development of a common understanding of CR issues; (2) the measurement of CR performance; and (3) the question of how CR issues affect the risk profile of a company. Since a common understanding of CR cannot be constructed theoretically, we based our research on the frequently used triple bottom line approach, in which CR incorporates economic, ecological and social responsibility issues. When it comes to the field of measuring CR performance, there are already plenty of methods and frameworks. In this research we developed a unique CR rating scheme based on existing frameworks and using weighting factors from analysts and investors. The question of how CR affects the risk profile of a company led to the projects objective: to analyze the impact of CR on capital market financing with a specific focus on electric utilities, assuming that the lower the company risk, the lower the cost of capital. We hypothesized that there is a relationship between CR and financial performance (H1) and that good CR performance reduces the risk to a company (H2). A clear relationship between CR and financial performance was not found, but CR and financial performance were indirectly linked throughout company risk. This research delivers evidence that CR performance is strongly linked to financial risk measures. There is also support for the assumption that CR issues are likely to be regulation-driven. Regulation seems to be a driver for CR engagement in the utility industry. It seems that a complete lack of CR engagement exposes a company to unnecessary high risk.
Das Projekt "DEVOTES: Innovative Tools for Understanding and Assessing Good Environmental Status (GES) of Marine Waters ('The Ocean for Tomorrow')" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften Brüssel. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Fundacion AZTI,AZTI Fundazioa.The objectives are to: (i) improve our understanding of human activities impacts (cumulative, synergistic, antagonistic) and variations due to climate change on marine biodiversity, using long-term series (pelagic and benthic). This objective will identify the barriers and bottlenecks (socio-economic and legislative) that prevent the GES being achieved (ii) test the indicators proposed by the EC, and develop new ones for assessment at species, habitats and ecosystems level, for the status classification of marine waters, integrating the indicators into a unified assessment of the biodiversity and the cost-effective implementation of the indicators (i.e. by defining monitoring and assessment strategies). This objective will allow for the adaptive management including (a) strategies & measures, (b) the role of industry and relevant stakeholders (including non-EU countries), and (c) provide an economic assessment of the consequences of the management practices proposed. It will build on the extensive work carried out by the Regional Seas Conventions (RSC) and Water Framework Directive, in which most of the partners have been involved (iii) develop/test/validate innovative integrative modelling tools to further strengthen our understanding of ecosystem and biodiversity changes (space & time); such tools can be used by statutory bodies, SMEs and marine research institutes to monitor biodiversity, applying both empirical and automatic data acquisition. This objective will demonstrate the utility of innovative monitoring systems capable of efficiently providing data on a range of parameters (including those from non-EU countries), used as indicators of GES, and for the integration of the information into a unique assessment The consortium has 23 partners, including 4 SMEs (close to 17Prozent of the requested budget) and 2 non-EU partners (Ukraine & Saudi Arabia). Moreover, an Advisory Board (RSC & scientific international scientists) has been designed,to ensure a good relationship with stakeholders.
Das Projekt "High Performance, Economical and Sustainable Biocomposite Building Materials" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften Brüssel. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: NetComposites Ltd..The aim of BioBuild is to use biocomposites to reduce the embodied energy in building facade, supporting structure and internal partition systems by at least 50Prozent over current materials with no increase in cost. This will lead to a step change in the use of sustainable, low carbon construction materials, by replacing aluminium, steel, FRP, brick and concrete in buildings. Facades are widely used in construction, primarily to protect and insulate the internal structure. Internal partitions are used to divide space, carry utilities and provide thermal and acoustic insulation. The current materials used such as aluminium, steel, brick and concrete are energy intensive to produce and have high embodied energy. FRP is an alternative construction material, benefitting from low weight, formability and simple manufacturing, allowing low material content structures and innovative design. However, typical resin and glass fibre are non-renewable, energy intensive to synthesise. Biocomposites overcome these drawbacks, whilst maintaining the benefits, being based on natural fibres and bioresins which have low embodied energy and cost. Biocomposites are renewable and sustainable resin and reinforcement structures. The resins in this project are furan and cashew nut oil based with reinforcing fibres of flax and jute. Bast fibres have lower environmental impacts than glass, concerning climate change and energy but have similar properties. Biocomposites are used commercially in automotive interior parts, but for outdoor applications they can degrade due to moisture absorption and bio-degradation. BioBuild will develop biocomposites and construction products with a life span of 40 years, by protecting the fibres with novel treatments and coatings. The result of the project will be a low cost, lightweight, durable and sustainable biocomposite building system, with full technical and environmental validation, offering low embodied energy construction materials.
Das Projekt "Abgaben, Steuern und Transfers (3Ts) im europäischen Wassersektor" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Danish Water and Waste Water Association (DANVA). Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Ecologic Institut gemeinnützige GmbH.Ecologic Institut unterstützt EUREAU in seinem Beitrag über finanziell nachhaltige Lösungen für die Wasserwirtschaft im Rahmen des 2012 World Water Forum (http://www.worldwaterforum6.org/) in Marseille. Ein zentraler Aspekt dieser Lösungen ist die Förderung des '3T'-Ansatzes, der von der Organisation für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (OECD) entwickelt wurde. Die Studie entwickelt eine praktische methodische Anleitung (Handbuch) um eine konsistente, auf den Endnutzer zugeschnittene Vorgehensweise zu etablieren, die finanzielle Daten auf Basis der 3Ts Methodik der OECD strukturiert. Um konkrete Beispiele und Illustrationen zu schaffen, wendet die Studie die erarbeitete 3Ts Methodik innerhalb einer quantitativen Analyse von ausgewählten europäischen Wasserversorgungsbetrieben auf unterschiedlichen geografischen und administrativen Ebenen (Gemeinde / Region / Land) an. Das letztendliche Ziel des Handbuchs ist die Entwicklung und Förderung der 3Ts als Schlüssel zur Entscheidungshilfe in der Finanzplanung der Wasserdienstleistungen - ein Hilfsmittel, dass in verschiedenen Publikationen, vor allem in EUREAU Publikation, verwendet werden kann.
Das Projekt "The Virtual Tank Utility in Europe (VIRTUE)" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften Brüssel. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Hamburgische Schiffbau-Versuchsanstalt GmbH.Objective: VIRTUE is an Integrated Project in response to the call on Virtual environment for an integrated fluid dynamic analysis in ship design; Objective 2 Advanced design and production techniques in the Sustainable Surface Transport of the workprogramme Sustainable Development, Global Change and Ecosystems. It constitutes an EU-wide initiative of leading marine CFD players to create a 'Virtual Basin' by integrating advanced numerical fluid analysis tools to tackle multi-criteria hydrodynamic performance optimisation of ships in a comprehensive and holistic approach, aiming to complement model testing in real basins and hence substantially enhance the provision of current services to the marine industry and to nurture development of innovative design techniques and concepts. This coherent and all-embracing hydrodynamic analysis system will help increase the competitiveness of the EU shipbuilding and shipping industries, promote a truly European co-operation with strong structuring and integration effects, strengthen SMEs through involvement in leading edge developments as a means to gaining and sustaining competitive advantage and leadership and enhance quality and safety in waterborne transportation. VIRTUE's scientific and technological objectives to achieve these ambitious goals include to: -improve hydrodynamic testing through improved reliability of CFD tools -Enhance existing CFD tools in terms of performance and accuracy and further validation -Formally integrate numerical tools, using proven approaches, into an environment for complete modelling and simulation of ship behaviour at sea- Provide smooth and versatile communication and data exchange link between marine CFD service providers, such as model basins, and the end user -Provide the means - CFD tools, integration platform and optimisation techniques -to cover the whole range of hydrodynamic problems and to facilitate and support multi-disciplinary design
Das Projekt "Advanced integration of energy conversion, production processes, and waste management in chemical batch plants" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Institut de Thermique, Laboratoire d'Energetique Industrielle.The production of chemicals on industrial scale heavily relies on the availability of utilities such as energy in different forms (e.g. steam, electricity, brine), cooling water, refrigeration and others. The efficiency of utility usage in chemical industry is primarily defined by two major factors, the efficiency of the utility generation (e.g. steam production) and the efficiency in using the generated utilities in the production process. Waste management is another issue since it may lead to energy consumptions or productions to be integrated with the production processes. The goal of the project is to develop a methodology for designing energy integrated batch chemical plants with an emphasis on waste management issues and process efficiency. It will lead to more energy-efficient chemical production by defining optimal integration configurations beween energy conversion, production processes, and waste management while considering all boundary conditions of chemical batch plants. The challenge will be to introduce the energy conversion and the waste treatment processes into the analysis: how to convert energy resources into useful energy ?, how to integrate waste treatment and recycling operations ?, how to realise energy recovery ? in batch processes chemical plants. A major issue will be analysis of the interface between the processes (transformation of raw material into products and by-products) and the utility system (energy conversion and waste treatment/recycling) and of the consequences in terms of process engineering decisions and process design methodology. A computer aided methodology will be developed. It will integrate tools and concepts like process modelling, process integration techniques using MILP and MINLP optimization methods, systematic superstructure generation and superstructure management and multi-objective optimisation techniques. The research project targets the realisation of two Ph. D. thesis to be conducted in collaboration between EPFL and ETHZ. Thesis 1 : Process integration method for the combined design of multiproduct -multipurpose batch plants integrating energy conversion and waste management will be realised In the Industrial Energy Systems Laboratory of EPFL. Thesis 2 : Process design method for the integration of new production recipes in multiproduct, multipurpose batch plants considering energy requirements, waste treatment and recycling options, and environmental impact will be realised in the Safety and Environmental Technology group of ETHZ. A synthetic case study reflecting the complexity of real plants will be used as a testbed.
Das Projekt "Biomass Fuell Cell Utility System (BIOCELLUS)" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften Brüssel. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Technische Universität München, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Fakultät für Maschinenwesen, Lehrstuhl für Energiesysteme.Objective: Energy from Biomass needs highly efficient small-scale energy systems in order to achieve cost effective solutions for decentralized generation especially in Mediterranean and Southern areas, and for applications without adequate heat consumer. Thus fuel cells are an attractive option for decentralized generation from biomass and agricultural residues but they have to meet at least two outstanding challenges: 1. Fuel cell materials and the gas cleaning technologies have to treat high dust loads of the fuel gas and pollutants like tars, alkalines and heavy metals. 2. The system integration has to allow efficiencies of at least 40-50 percent even within a power range of few tens or hundreds of kW. This proposal addresses in particular these two aims. Hence the first part of the project will focus on the investigation of the impact of these pollutants on degradation and performance characteristics of SOFC fuel cells in order to specify the requirements for appropriate gas cleaning system (WP 1-2). These tests will be performed at six existing gasification sites, which represent the most common and applicable gasification technologies. WP 3 will finally test and demonstrate the selected gas cleaning technologies in order to verify the specifications obtained from the gasification tests. The results will be used for the development, installation and testing of an innovative SOFC - Gasification concept, which will especially match the particular requirements of fuel cell systems for the conversion of biomass feedstock. The innovative concept comprises to heat an allothermal gasifier with the exhaust heat of the fuel cell by means of liquid metal heat pipes. Internal cooling of the stack and the recirculation of waste heat increases the system efficiency significantly. This so-called TopCycle concept promises electrical efficiencies of above 50 percent even for small-scale systems without any combined processes.
Das Projekt "Integration of Renewable Energy Sources and Distributed Generation into the European Electricity Grid (IRED)" wird/wurde gefördert durch: Kommission der Europäischen Gemeinschaften Brüssel. Es wird/wurde ausgeführt durch: Universität Kassel, Institut für Solare Energieversorgungstechnik e.V, Standort Kassel.Objective: Background: There are seven projects running which are supported by the European Commission under FP5 dealing with the integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and Distributed Generation (DG). This cluster represents a total budget of about 35 million? More than 100 participating institutions from research, industry and the utility sector are contributing. Proposed Actions: The subject of the proposed CA is to extend the existing cluster activities in such a way that a real European added value by mobilising research will be obtained as a major contribution to the ERA. This extension will be realized by the inclusion of forthcoming projects supported by FP6 by national and regional activities. 1. A systematic exchange of information by improving links to relevant research, to regulatory bodies and to policies and schemes on the European, the national, the regional and the international level. 2. Set-up of strategic actions such as trans-national co-operation, the organization and a co-ordination of common initiatives on standards, testing procedures and the establishment of common education. 3. Identification of the highest priority research topics in the field of integration and formation of appropriate realization schemes. a) The establishment of an expert-group covering important cross-cutting areas such as power-quality, ICT/IST, laboratory experiments est.) The formation of a group of contact persons to national, regional and international policy). Set-up of a full data- and information-exchange system with links to national, regional and international information systems).
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