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Windkraftanlagen (Offshore und Küste)

Dieser Datensatz enthält Windkraftanlagen Offshore und an Land (5 km landeinwärts). Hierfür werden wöchentlich aktuelle Daten der Stromerzeugungseinheiten aus dem Marktstammdatenregister (MaStR) heruntergeladen und als Geodaten-Dienst (WMS und WFS) bereitgestellt. Die Offshore-WEA werden auch geclustert mit der Anlagen-Anzahl angezeigt. Alle Anlagen werden erst ab einer bestimmten Zoom-Stufe sichtbar. Der Energie-Anlagen-Dienst enthält ausserdem WEA der Küstenländer und PV-ANlagen. Quelle: MaStR. In den Anlagen-Attributen ist auch die MaStR-Nr. (SEE) enthalten, mit welcher unter folgender URL (über die "Schnellsuche") weitere Anlagen-Informationen angezeigt werden können: https://www.marktstammdatenregister.de/MaStR. Bei Daten-Fehlern wenden Sie sich bitte an die Bundesnetzagentur (BNetzA).

PV-Anlagen (Küste)

Dieser Datensatz enthält PV-Anlagen-Layer mit einer Leistung > 100kWh an der Küste. Hierfür werden wöchentlich aktuelle Daten der Stromerzeugungseinheiten aus dem Marktstammdatenregister (MaStR) heruntergeladen und als Geodaten-Dienst (WMS und WFS) bereitgestellt. Der Energie-Anlagen-Dienst enthält außerdem Windkraftanlagen (WEA) Offshore und an Land (5 km landeinwärts) sowie WEA der Küsten-Bundesländer. Alle Anlagen werden erst ab einer bestimmten Zoom-Stufe sichtbar. Quelle: MaStR. In den Anlagen-Attributen ist auch die MaStR-Nr. (SEE) enthalten, mit welcher unter folgender URL (über die "Schnellsuche") weitere Anlagen-Informationen angezeigt werden können: https://www.marktstammdatenregister.de/MaStR. Bei Daten-Fehlern wenden Sie sich bitte an die Bundesnetzagentur (BNetzA).

Energie-Anlagen (WMS)

Dieser Dienst stellt Windkraftanlagen (Offshore und Küste) sowie PV-Anlagen dar. Hierfür werden wöchentlich aktuelle Daten der Stromerzeugungseinheiten aus dem Marktstammdatenregister (MaStR) heruntergeladen und als Geodaten-Dienst (WMS und WFS) bereitgestellt. Der Dienst beinhaltet einen Layer mit Windkraftanlagen (WEA) Offshore und an Land (5 km landeinwärts) sowie einen Layer mit allen Windkraftanlagen der Küsten-Bundesländer. Die Offshore-WEA werden auch geclustert mit der Anlagen-Anzahl angezeigt. Zusätzlich gibt es einen PV-Anlagen-Layer mit einer Leistung > 100kWh. Alle Anlagen werden erst ab einer bestimmten Zoom-Stufe sichtbar. Quelle: MaStR. In den Anlagen-Attributen ist auch die MaStR-Nr. (SEE) enthalten, mit welcher unter folgender URL (über die "Schnellsuche") weitere Anlagen-Informationen angezeigt werden können: https://www.marktstammdatenregister.de/MaStR. Bei Daten-Fehlern wenden Sie sich bitte an die Bundesnetzagentur (BNetzA).

Windkraftanlagen (Küstenländer)

Dieser Datensatz enthält Windkraftanlagen der Küsten-Bundesländer. Hierfür werden wöchentlich aktuelle Daten der Stromerzeugungseinheiten aus dem Marktstammdatenregister (MaStR) heruntergeladen und als Geodaten-Dienst (WMS und WFS) bereitgestellt. Der Energie-Anlagen-Dienst enthält außerdem Windkraftanlagen Offshore und an Land (5 km landeinwärts) und PV-Anlagen (Küste). Alle Anlagen werden erst ab einer bestimmten Zoom-Stufe sichtbar. Quelle: MaStR. In den Anlagen-Attributen ist auch die MaStR-Nr. (SEE) enthalten, mit welcher unter folgender URL (über die "Schnellsuche") weitere Anlagen-Informationen angezeigt werden können: https://www.marktstammdatenregister.de/MaStR. Bei Daten-Fehlern wenden Sie sich bitte an die Bundesnetzagentur (BNetzA).

INSPIRE: Information system salt structures: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air) (InSpEE)

InSpEE (INSPIRE) provides information about the areal distribution of salt structures (salt domes and salt pillows) in Northern Germany. Contours of the salt structures can be displayed at horizontal cross-sections at four different depths up to a maximum depth of 2000 m below NN. The geodata have resulted from a BMWi-funded research project “InSpEE” running from the year 2012 to 2015. The acronym stands for "Information system salt structures: planning basis, selection criteria and estimation of the potential for the construction of salt caverns for the storage of renewable energies (hydrogen and compressed air)”. Additionally four horizontal cross-section maps display the stratigraphical situation at a given depth. In concurrence of maps at different depths areal bedding conditions can be determined, e.g. to generally assess and interpret the spread of different stratigraphic units. Clearly visible are extent and shape of the salt structures within their regional context at the different depths, with extent and boundary of the salt structures having been the main focus of the project. Four horizontal cross-section maps covering the whole onshore area of Northern Germany have been developed at a scale of 1:500.000. The maps cover the depths of -500, -1000, -1500, -2000 m below NN. The four depths are based on typical depth requirements of existing salt caverns in Northern Germany, mainly related to hydrocarbon storage. The shapes of the structures show rudimentary information of their geometry and their change with depths. In addition they form the starting point for rock mechanical calculations necessary for the planning and construction of salt caverns for storage as well as for assessing storage potentials. The maps can be used as a pre-selection tool for subsurface uses. It can also be used to assess coverage and extension of salt structures. Offshore areas were not treated within the project. All horizontal cross-section maps were adjusted with the respective state geological survey organisations. According to the Data Specification on Geology (D2.8.II.4_v3.0) the content of InSpEE (INSPIRE) is stored in 15 INSPIRE-compliant GML files: InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Salt_structure_types.gml contains the salt structure types (salt domes and salt pillows), InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Salt_pillow_remnants.gml comprises the salt pillow remnants, InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Structure_building_salinar.gml represents the structural salinar(s), the four files InSpEE_Structural_outlines_500.gml, InSpEE_Structural_outlines_1000.gml, InSpEE_Structural_outlines_1500.gml and InSpEE_Structural_outlines_2000.gml represent the structural outlines in the corresponding horizontal cross-sections, the four files InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_500, InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_1000, InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_1500 and InSpEE_GeologicUnit_Cross_Section_2000 display the stratigraphical situation in the corresponding horizontal cross-sections and the four files InSpEE_GeologicStructure_500.gml, InSpEE_GeologicStructure_1000.gml, InSpEE_GeologicStructure_1500.gml and InSpEE_GeologicStructure_2000.gml comprise the relevant fault traces in the corresponding horizontal cross-sections. The GML files together with a Readme.txt file are provided in ZIP format (InSpEE-INSPIRE.zip). The Readme.text file (German/English) contains detailed information on the GML files content. Data transformation was proceeded by using the INSPIRE Solution Pack for FME according to the INSPIRE requirements.

(Table 2) Species density and composition of an inshore and offshore station in Kongsfjord, Svalbard

<p>Megafauna plays an important role in benthic ecosystems and contributes significantly to benthic biomass in the Arctic. The distribution is mostly studied using towed cameras. Here, we compare the megafauna from two sites located at different distances from the Kongsfjord: one station at the entrance to the fjord, another on the outer shelf. Although they are only located 25 km apart and at comparable depth, there were significant differences in their species composition. While the inshore station was characterized by shrimps (2.57 +/- 2.18 ind./m**2) and brittlestars (3.21 +/- 3.21 ind./m**2), the offshore site harboured even higher brittlestar densities (15.23 +/- 9.32 ind./m**2) and high numbers of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus pallidus (1.23 +/- 1.09 ind./m**2). Phytodetrital concentrations of the upper sediment centimetres were significantly higher inshore compared with offshore. At a smaller scale, there were also differences in the composition of different transect sections. Several taxa were characterized by a patchy distribution along transects. We conclude that these differences were caused primarily by habitat characteristics. The seafloor inshore was characterized by glacial soft sediments, whereas the station offshore harboured large quantities of stones. Although the use of a new web-2.0-based tool, BIIGLE (http://www.BIIGLE.de), allowed us to analyse more images (~90) than could have been achieved by hand, taxon area curves indicated that the number of images analysed was not sufficient to capture the species inventory fully. New automated image analysis tools would enable a rapid analysis of larger quantities of camera footage.</p>

Reservoir-modelling and parametrization of a potential reservoir structure (Pilot area B) in the German North Sea

As part of the CDRmare joint project GEOSTOR (https://geostor.cdrmare.de/), the BGR created detailed static geological 3D models for two potential CO2 storage structures in the Middle Buntsandstein in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the German North Sea and supplemented them with petrophysical parameters (e.g. porosities, permeabilities). The 3D geological model (Pilot area B; ~560 km2) is located in the north-western part of the German North Sea sector, the so-called “Entenschnabel”, an approximately 150 kilometer long and 30 kilometer wide area between the offshore sectors of the Netherlands, Denmark and Great Britain (pilot region B). The model in the Ducks Beak is based on several high-resolution 3D seismic data and geophysical/geological information from four exploration wells. It includes 20 generalized faults and the following 16 horizon surfaces: 1) Sea Floor, 2) Mid Miocene Unconformity, 3) Base Tertiary, 4) Base Upper Cretaceous, 5) Base Lower Cretaceous, 6) Base Upper Jurassic, 7) Base Lower Jurassic, 8) Base Muschelkalk, 9) Base Röt, 10) Base Solling Formation, 11) Base Detfurth Formation, 12) Base Volpriehausen Wechselfolge, 13) Base Volpriehausen Formation, 14) Base Triassic, 15) Base Zechstein, 16) Top Basement. The reservoir formed by sandstones of the Middle Buntsandstein is located within the Mads Graben, which is bounded to the west by the extensive Mads Fault (normal fault). Marine mudstones of the Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous serve as the main seal formations. Petrophysical analyses of all considered well data were conducted and reservoir properties (including porosity and permeability) were calculated to determine the static reservoir capacity for these potential CO2 storage structures. The model parameterized and can be used for further dynamic simulations of storage capacity, geo-risk, and infrastructure analyses, in order to develop a comprehensive feasibility study for potential CO2 storage within the project framework. The 3D models were created by the BGR between 2021 and 2024. SKUA-GOCAD was used as the modeling software. We would like to thank AspenTech for providing licenses for their SSE software package as part of the Academic Program (https://www.aspentech.com/en/academic-program).

Fixed-wing Magnetics NOGRAM I + II

In 1998, as part of the expedition NOGRAM I (Northern Gravity, Radio Echo Sounding and Magnetics), a flight campaign was carried out over the Lincoln Sea north of Greenland with the Polar 2 aircraft (Dornier 228-100) in cooperation with the Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research. A second flight campaign NOGRAM II took place in 2011 with the Polar 5 (Basler BT-67) over the Wandel Sea north of Greenland. The aim of the research was the structure and architecture of the upper Earth’s crust underneath the ice-covered offshore areas of the Morris Jesup Plateau and coastal waters north of Greenland. The airborne magnetic surveys were carried out with a flight line spacing of 3 km, and control profiles were flown every 30 km. During the two expeditions, 33000 km of line data were collected (16000 km in 1998, and 17000 km in 2011).

Ecotoxicology of Organotin compounds

Organotin and especially butyltin compounds are used for a variety of applications, e.g. as biocides, stabilizers, catalysts and intermediates in chemical syntheses. Tributyltin (TBT) compounds exhibit the greatest toxicity of all organotins and have even been characterized as one of the most toxic groups of xenobiotics ever produced and deliberately introduced into the environment. TBT is not only used as an active biocidal compound in antifouling paints, which are designed to prevent marine and freshwater biota from settlement on ship hulls, harbour and offshore installations, but also as a biocide in wood preservatives, textiles, dispersion paints and agricultural pesticides. Additionally, it occurs as a by-product of mono- (MBT) and dibutyltin (DBT) compounds, which are used as UV stabilizer in many plastics and for other applications. Triphenyltin (TPT) compounds are also used as the active biocide in antifouling paints outside Europe and furthermore as an agricultural fungicide since the early 1960s to combat a range of fungal diseases in various crops, particularly potato blight, leaf spot and powdery mildew on sugar beet, peanuts and celery, other fungi on hop, brown rust on beans, grey moulds on onions, rice blast and coffee leaf rust. Although the use of TBT and TPT was regulated in many countries world-wide from restrictions for certain applications to a total ban, these compounds are still present in the environment. In the early 1970s the impact of TBT on nontarget organisms became apparent. Among the broad variety of malformations caused by TBT in aquatic animals, molluscs have been found to be an extremely sensitive group of invertebrates and no other pathological condition produced by TBT at relative low concentrations rivals that of the imposex phenomenon in prosobranch gastropods speaking in terms of sensitivity. TBT induces imposex in marine prosobranchs at concentrations as low as 0,5 ng TBT-Sn/L. Since 1993, for the littorinid snail Littorina littorea a second virilisation phenomenon, termed intersex, is known. In female specimens affected by intersex the pallial oviduct is transformed of towards a male morphology with a final supplanting of female organs by the corresponding male formations. Imposex and intersex are morphological alterations caused by a chronic exposure to ultra-trace concentrations of TBT. A biological effect monitoring offers the possibility to determine the degree of contamination with organotin compounds in the aquatic environment and especially in coastal waters without using any expensive analytical methods. Furthermore, the biological effect monitoring allows an assessment of the existing TBT pollution on the basis of biological effects. Such results are normally more relevant for the ecosystem than pure analytical data. usw.

Material- und Reparaturinnovationen für Offshore Leading Edge Protection Systeme

Eine der häufigsten Gründe für Ertragsverluste und für Reparaturen an Rotorblättern (RB) von Windenergieanlagen (WEA) sind die Degradation und die Beschädigung von Beschichtungen. Insbesondere werden im Betrieb von offshore Anlagen häufiger und signifikantere Schäden beobachtet als an onshore Standorten. Ursachen werden u.a. in den höheren Blattspitzengeschwindigkeiten, der höheren Anzahl an Volllaststunden und den anspruchsvolleren Witterungsbedingungen gesehen. Innerhalb des MARiLEP Vorhabens werden Ursachen für verstärkte Erosionserscheinungen an offshore Anlagen untersucht, Materialinnovationen entwickelt und Verfahren zur effizienten Vorortreparatur von offshore Anlagen erprobt. Mit klassischen Beschichtungssystemen auf Polymerbasis und mit zusätzlichen Selbstheilungseigenschaften, polymeren Halbzeugen und metallischen Schutzsystemen werden drei unterschiedliche Technologien verfolgt. Dabei wird ein besonderer Fokus auf der Erosionsbeständigkeit nach Bewitterung und einer hohen Reparaturfähigkeit gelegt, da heute verfügbare Systeme oft nur unter idealen Bedingungen gute Erosionsbeständigkeiten zeigen. Innerhalb des Verbundvorhabens MARiLEP arbeiten international anerkannte Partner aus dem Anlagenbetrieb, der Materialentwicklung und der Forschung eng zusammen um technische Lösungen für die Offshore Windindustrie zu entwickeln.

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