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Continuous thermosalinograph oceanography along RV POLARSTERN cruise track PS126

This dataset contains processed ocean temperature and salinity data at a depth of 11m along the cruise track. Raw data acquired by two SBE21 thermosalinographs and two auxiliary SBE38 temperature sensors (Sea-Bird Scientific, USA) installed in an underway seawater flow-through system on board RV Polarstern were processed to yield a calibrated and validated data set of temperature and salinity along the cruise track. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.awi.de) at a resolution of 1 sec, and converted to temperature and conductivity using the pre-deployment factory calibration coefficients. The converted data were averaged to 1 min values, outliers were removed, and sensor drift was corrected using coefficients obtained from a post-season calibration performed at Sea-Bird at the end of the measurement season. Salinity was calculated from internal temperature, conductivity and pressure according to the PSS-78 Practical Salinity Scale. Processed data are provided as 1 min means of seawater temperature, conductivity and salinity, aligned with position data taken from the master track. Quality flags are appended according to the SeaDataNet Data Quality Control Procedures (version from May 2010). More details are described in the attached processing report.

Continuous thermosalinograph oceanography along RV POLARSTERN cruise track PS126

Raw data acquired by two thermosalinographs (SBE21, SeaBird GmbH) on board RV POLARSTERN were processed to receive a calibrated and validated data set of temperature and salinity during expedition PS126. Data were downloaded from DAVIS SHIP data base (https://dship.awi.de) with a resolution of 1 sec. Both sensors were equipped with an additional external temperature sensor (SBE38, Sea-Bird GmbH). The raw data are converted to temperature and conductivity values using the calibration coefficients from the calibration before deployment. However, data can only be finally processed after replacement and renewed calibration because correction values for the sensor drift can only be obtained by the post cruise calibration. Thermosalinographs on board RV Polarstern are exchanged about once a year and calibration procedures are conducted after every exchange. Salinity was calculated according to the instructions from the Practical Salinity Scale PSS-78 using the obtained internal temperature and conductivity data. Processing and evaluation of the data is outlined in the data processing report found at EPIC repository https://hdl.handle.net/10013/epic.e9b67f8a-dc1e-4f43-b56d-cfddc20d3c63. Processed data are provided as 10min means of salinity and water temperature aligned with position data taken from master track of the respective cruise.

Continuous thermosalinograph oceanography along POLARSTERN cruise track PS120

Continuous thermosalinograph oceanography along POLARSTERN cruise track PS116

Shipborne Ice Nucleating Particle (INP) measurements in the Arctic during PS106.1 and PS106.2

During the Polarstern cruises PS106.1 and PS106.2 in the framework of the PASCAL campaign atmospheric filter samples were taken. The filters (polycarbonate, 0.2µm pore size) were sampled through an PM10 inlet and analyzed for Ice Nucleating Particles (INP) with the Leipzig Ice Nucleation Array (LINA). Here the fraction of frozen droplets (f_ice) is reported. We also provide the drop volume (V_drop), the amount of water used wash off the particles from the filter (V_water) and the volume of air sampled onto each filter (V_air), which can be used to derive atmospheric INP concentrations.

Combined carbohydrates, dissolved free carbohydrates and pH in Arctic fog water sampled during PS106

Fog water samples were collected in the Arctic during the PS106 campaign (2017). Sampling was conducted on board the German research vessel Polarstern. These fog water samples were measured on pH, combined carbohydrates (CCHO) and dissolved free carbohydrates (DFCHO). Sampling altitude: ca. 21 m above sea level.

OCEANET-ATMOSPHERE Microwave Radiometer HATPRO during PS106

The dataset contains daily nc-files of the integrated water vapour and liquid water content from the OCEANET microwave radiometer Haptro (Rose et al., 2005: doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.12.005) during Polarstern cruise PS106. The data is calibrated within the Cloudnet (Illingworth, 2007 doi:10.1175/BAMS-88-6-883 ) processing scheme.

Sea ice draft, under-ice irradiance and radiance, and surface water temperature, salinity and chlorophyl a from Surface and Under Ice Trawl (SUIT) measurements in 2012-2017

Surface and Under Ice Trawl (SUIT) deployments have been carried out during five expeditions (PS80, PS81, PS89, PS92, PS106) on board of the RV Polarstern in both the Arctic and Antarctic between 2012 and 2017. The SUIT is equipped with a CTD probe (Sea and Sun Technology CTD75M memory probe) to measure surface water temperature and salinity at a sampling interval of 0.1s, later interpolated to a 0.5m grid. A fluorometer integrated in the CTD allows surface chl a measurements and an altimeter allows to measure the distance of the SUIT from the ice underside. An Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP; Nortek Aquadopp Profiler) with three acoustic beams is used to measure water inflow speed and direction, pitch and roll angles, and pressure. Information on pressure, distance from the ice above, and pitch and roll have been combined to obtain sea-ice draft on a 0.5m grid. Hyperspectral measurements have been performed with Ramses spectral radiometers (Trios, Rastede, Germany), then integrated over the PAR range. Positions are obtained from the ship GPS and used to retrieve speed and length of trawling.

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