There is already more than a decade of experiences with environmental risk assessment under the Biocidal Products Regulation (EU) No 528/2012 (BPR). This paper compiles recommendations to improve BPR to ensure that it reaches its goals. Experiences have shown that the processes for environmental risk assessments need to be simplified to allow for faster decisions. Also, despite first BPR environmental benefits, some biocides still enter the environment significantly, and will continue to do so due to their intended uses. Therefore, our suggestions target these two categories: “streamlining environmental risk assessments” and “reducing biocide emissions to the environment”. Veröffentlicht in Scientific Opinion Paper.
<p>Abfälle können in haushaltsüblichen Mengen an diese Wertstoff-Center gebracht werden.</p>
<p>Wir nehmen an:</p>
<ul>
<li>Sperrmüll, Elektroaltgeräte, Metalle, Papier/Pappe, Schadstoffe, Bauschutt</li>
<li>Kostenlose Annahme von haushaltsüblichen Mengen an Altkleidern, CDs/DVDs, Elektro-Altgeräten, Grünschnitt, Leichtverpackungen, Metall, Papier, Pappe/Kartonagen, Schadstoffen und Sperrmüll</li>
<li>Kostenpflichtige Annahme von Bauschutt in Kleinmengen (Gewerbeschadstoffe nur in Ossendorf)</li>
</ul>
<p>Wir nehmen nicht an:</p>
<p>Asbest, Dämmmaterial, Außenhölzer, Teerpappe</p>
<ul>
<li>Sprengstoff, Munition</li>
<li>Gasflaschen</li>
<li> Infektiöses Material, Tierkadaver</li>
<li> Motoren, Getriebeöle</li>
<li>Gewerbeschadstoffe</li>
</ul>
The Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) instrument continues the long-term monitoring of atmospheric trace gas constituents started with GOME / ERS-2 and SCIAMACHY / Envisat. Currently, there are three GOME-2 instruments operating on board EUMETSAT's Meteorological Operational satellites MetOp-A, -B and -C, launched in October 2006, September 2012, and November 2018, respectively. GOME-2 can measure a range of atmospheric trace constituents, with the emphasis on global ozone distributions. Furthermore, cloud properties and intensities of ultraviolet radiation are retrieved. These data are crucial for monitoring the atmospheric composition and the detection of pollutants. DLR generates operational GOME-2 / MetOp level 2 products in the framework of EUMETSAT's Satellite Application Facility on Atmospheric Chemistry Monitoring (AC-SAF). GOME-2 near-real-time products are available already two hours after sensing.
OCRA (Optical Cloud Recognition Algorithm) and ROCINN (Retrieval of Cloud Information using Neural Networks) are used for retrieving the following geophysical cloud properties from GOME and GOME-2 data: cloud fraction (cloud cover), cloud-top pressure (cloud-top height), and cloud optical thickness (cloud-top albedo). OCRA is an optical sensor cloud detection algorithm that uses the PMD devices on GOME / GOME-2 to deliver cloud fractions for GOME / GOME-2 scenes. ROCINN takes the OCRA cloud fraction as input and uses a neural network training scheme to invert GOME / GOME-2 reflectivities in and around the O2-A band. VLIDORT [Spurr (2006)] templates of reflectances based on full polarization scattering of light are used to train the neural network. ROCINN retrieves cloud-top pressure and cloud-top albedo. The cloud optical thickness is computed using libRadtran [Mayer and Kylling (2005)] radiative transfer simulations taking as input the cloud-top albedo retrieved with ROCINN. For more details please refer to relevant peer-review papers listed on the GOME and GOME-2 documentation pages: https://atmos.eoc.dlr.de/app/docs/
The dataset contains sedimentation velocity measurements for 22 morphologically diverse macroalgae species (n = 49), the seagrass Zostera marina (n = 3), and plastic particles of four distinct shapes (n = 16). Each sample was measured at least five times, with some measured up to seven times. Detailed morphological descriptions and images are available in the corresponding paper. Samples with a SampleID starting with "K" were collected in January 2023 from the Kiel Fjord, Germany (between Strande and Bülk light house, 54°26'57.4N 10°11'37.6E). U. gigantea was collected in June 2024 in Yerseke, Netherlands (51°30'09.0N, 4°02'39.7E). All other samples were collected in June 2024 at the same site from the Kiel Fjord as in 2023, as well as two additional locations (Schilksee, 54°25'16.3N 10°10'43.1E and Mönkeberg, 54°21'20.92N 10°10'41.97E). Sedimentation velocity measurements were conducted in plastic cylinders, allowing particles to sink 15 cm to reach their terminal sinking velocity before starting the measurements. The sinking time was recorded using a stopwatch, and sedimentation velocity was calculated by dividing the sinking distance by the elapsed time. Test with varying cylinder heights showed no significant differences in results.
Macrophyte species measured: Fucus vesiculosus, Fucus serratus, Saccharina latissima, Gracilaria vermiculophylla, Ceramium virgatum, Vertebrata fucoides, Polysiphonia stricta, Spermothamnion repens, Ahnfeltia plicata, Furcellaria lumbricalis, Coccotylus truncatus, Delesseria sanguinea, Cladophora flexuosa, Cladophora sp., Rhodomela confervoides, Pyropia leucosticta, Ulva clathrata, Ulva linza, Kornmannia leptoderma, Bryopsis hypnoides, Acrosiphonia centralis, Ulva gigantea, and Zostera marina.
The plastic particles include eight circular pieces of foil (disks), three table tennis balls, two plastic nets, and three rubber bands. The foil disks were cut to different diameters and some were punched with different numbers of small holes. The name of the foil circles indicates both their diameter and perforation level. For example, "Disk 40-1" had a diameter of 40 mm and was unpunched, where "1" denotes unpunched, "2" partially punched, and "3" heavily punched, "4" extremely heavily punched. The three tennis balls shared identical dimensions but had different mass densities due to the different level of replacement of air with seawater and glass beads in the tennis ball.
West-Berlin stellte seit dem 2. Weltkrieg auch von der Stromversorgung her eine Insel dar. Die BEWAG beabsichtigte deshalb 1990, die Stadt ueber ein 380-kV-Drehstrom-System an das westeuropaeische Verbundnetz anzuschliessen. Der Leitungsbau war noch mit der DDR-Regierung ausgehandelt worden. Ausserhalb der Stadtgrenze sollte das System als Freileitung gefuehrt, innerhalb der Stadt vom Teufelsbruch bis zum Kraftwerk Reuter dann auf Senatsbeschluss aus Gruenden der Sicherheit, des Umwelt- und des Landschaftsschutzes unterirdisch gelegt werden. Die BEWAG betrieb bereits eine aehnliche unterirdische Kabelanlage in der Stadt, die als Referenzobjekt dienen konnte. Unterirdische Stromkabel beduerfen einer elektrischen Isolierung. In der Regel besteht sie aus oelgetraenktem Papier (erst neueste Entwicklungen verwenden oelfreie Isolierungen aus Polyethylen). Im Inneren eines solchen Kabels befindet sich ein Kupferhohlleiter, in den sich freies Isolieroel, das nicht an das Papier gebunden ist, bewegen kann. Das Isolieroel ist eine wassergefaehrdende Fluessigkeit. Ein solches Kabel stellt also eine Anlage zum Verwenden wassergefaehrdender Stoffe im Sinne des Paragraphen 19g (1) Wasserhaushaltsgesetz dar. Im Einvernehmen mit der Senatsverwaltung fuer Stadtentwicklung und Umweltschutz als zustaendiger Wasserbehoerde wurde das IWS von der BEWAG beauftragt, die Planungen der Anlage bezueglich des Boden- und Grundwasserschutzes zu untersuchen und festzustellen, ob von ihr keine Besorgnis einer Gewaessergefaehrdung ausginge.